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Digest of Education Statistics
2007 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 367. Federal obligations for research, development, and R&D plant, by performers, fields of science, and category of obligation: Fiscal years 1998 through 2006

[In millions of current dollars]
Performers, fields of science,
and category of obligation
Actual Estimated
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Percent change,
2005 to 2006
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Total obligations for research, development,
  and R&D plant
$73,743.5 $77,386.6 $77,356.1 $84,003.0 $90,157.7 $97,927.9 $105,370.7 $113,118.4 $112,076.0 -0.9
Research and development obligations 71,903.3 75,340.8 72,863.2 79,933.2 85,853.0 93,661.3 101,376.5 109,194.2 108,394.1 -0.7
Performers                    
Federal intramural1  17,114.0 18,084.7 17,149.8 20,219.8 21,044.8 22,861.6 22,423.2 24,907.9 24,251.3 -2.6
Industrial firms 31,839.7 31,901.6 27,735.5 27,006.2 29,538.2 33,852.7 39,214.6 43,518.4 44,314.8 1.8
FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms 1,188.8 1,328.1 1,100.9 1,186.6 1,351.1 1,507.6 1,543.1 1,619.3 1,502.9 -7.2
Universities and colleges 13,365.9 14,959.1 16,815.1 19,587.9 21,290.1 22,693.5 24,169.7 24,870.4 24,277.1 -2.4
FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges 3,890.2 3,896.5 4,053.2 4,617.7 4,641.2 4,754.2 5,400.9 5,530.9 5,431.6 -1.8
Other nonprofit institutions 3,155.1 3,608.8 4,216.6 5,138.8 5,739.1 5,706.7 5,623.7 5,813.4 5,724.3 -1.5
FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions 603.0 913.3 1,231.5 1,269.1 1,404.8 1,352.8 1,443.2 1,468.8 1,465.4 -0.2
State and local governments 447.5 357.5 224.0 450.6 452.2 400.0 880.1 883.3 878.4 -0.6
Foreign 299.1 291.3 336.7 456.5 391.6 532.4 677.9 581.7 548.3 -5.7
                     
Research obligations 30,922.3 33,527.5 38,470.5 44,713.7 48,006.7 51,071.8 53,357.8 55,546.3 54,979.1 -1.0
Performers                    
Federal intramural1  7,964.7 8,685.8 9,449.6 11,130.9 11,857.4 12,419.6 12,085.2 12,810.4 12,734.2 -0.6
Industrial firms 4,635.1 4,579.8 4,801.2 5,262.3 5,786.8 6,042.4 6,782.7 7,418.7 7,385.6 -0.4
FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms 844.1 879.3 700.3 822.3 937.3 1,103.5 1,131.6 1,122.6 1,081.3 -3.7
Universities and colleges 11,741.0 13,203.8 16,015.9 18,657.1 20,285.4 21,676.5 22,699.1 23,244.9 22,915.1 -1.4
FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges 2,743.0 2,554.1 2,773.2 3,096.3 3,219.4 3,272.6 3,687.3 3,767.4 3,673.3 -2.5
Other nonprofit institutions 2,425.2 2,806.7 3,719.8 4,577.9 4,723.0 5,196.3 5,216.4 5,329.9 5,336.2 0.1
FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions 214.5 469.5 696.1 739.4 749.6 779.0 795.5 865.3 862.2 -0.4
State and local governments 240.1 232.4 162.5 308.7 275.5 305.8 532.9 549.6 549.3 -0.1
Foreign 114.5 116.1 152.0 118.9 172.3 276.1 427.0 437.5 441.9 1.0
Fields of science                    
Life sciences 13,557.6 15,422.5 17,964.7 23,057.3 25,476.8 27,772.2 27,728.5 28,543.2 28,207.2 -1.2
Psychology 591.0 632.6 1,626.7 741.9 905.9 1,104.4 1,854.9 1,916.0 1,934.2 1.0
Physical sciences 4,209.7 4,066.2 4,787.9 4,600.8 4,983.2 5,021.6 5,211.1 5,473.3 5,393.6 -1.5
Environmental sciences 3,062.0 3,095.3 3,328.8 3,251.7 3,418.3 3,740.9 3,741.6 3,876.0 3,754.4 -3.1
Mathematics and computer sciences 1,836.8 1,980.6 2,205.6 2,610.6 2,630.7 1,104.4 2,949.4 3,115.2 3,080.7 -1.1
Engineering 5,895.4 6,263.4 6,346.4 8,197.0 8,274.9 8,405.1 8,866.4 9,480.8 9,396.9 -0.9
Social sciences 806.1 854.9 1,050.3 1,008.6 1,038.5 1,025.8 1,089.6 1,131.5 1,177.8 4.1
Other sciences 963.7 1,212.1 1,160.2 1,245.8 1,278.4 1,329.3 1,916.3 2,010.3 2,034.2 1.2
                     
Basic research obligations 15,613.0 17,443.7 19,569.8 21,958.1 23,668.3 24,751.4 26,120.7 26,919.4 26,938.1 0.1
Performers                    
Federal intramural1  2,917.8 3,255.2 3,621.8 4,193.8 4,460.0 4,662.1 4,671.6 4,923.0 4,915.1 -0.2
Industrial firms 1,119.7 1,082.8 1,356.5 917.1 1,231.9 1,279.6 1,969.4 2,166.6 2,204.5 1.7
FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms 326.4 313.4 171.3 175.1 239.6 312.8 292.2 299.1 295.0 -1.4
Universities and colleges 7,952.2 9,107.1 10,056.7 11,792.2 12,668.2 13,151.8 13,398.5 13,559.9 13,483.5 -0.6
FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges 1,642.3 1,565.5 1,674.0 1,762.1 1,805.2 1,827.8 2,005.8 2,108.0 2,170.2 3.0
Other nonprofit institutions 1,397.6 1,650.0 1,985.3 2,441.7 2,531.7 2,703.9 2,746.1 2,756.3 2,754.7 -0.1
FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions 121.8 354.9 521.6 540.5 563.4 582.1 606.8 666.4 666.4 0.0
State and local governments 84.9 61.4 75.7 71.5 71.5 85.4 197.9 204.7 209.3 2.2
Foreign 50.4 53.4 106.9 64.0 96.8 146.1 232.3 235.3 239.4 1.7
Fields of science                    
Life sciences 7,853.4 9,197.1 10,049.0 12,835.5 14,024.1 14,765.3 14,490.0 14,815.5 14,684.7 -0.9
Psychology 312.0 347.3 817.8 292.9 464.6 543.8 979.2 1,014.9 1,027.6 1.3
Physical sciences 2,941.4 3,089.8 3,470.6 3,327.1 3,405.9 3,454.0 3,662.6 3,815.8 3,794.2 -0.6
Environmental sciences 1,528.7 1,615.7 1,838.4 1,663.0 1,833.3 1,899.5 2,022.9 2,060.4 2,081.6 1.0
Mathematics and computer sciences 705.5 734.9 798.3 957.8 998.7 1,120.2 1,239.1 1,278.9 1,253.7 -2.0
Engineering 1,594.4 1,639.7 1,764.2 1,911.5 1,864.9 1,913.1 2,271.7 2,424.1 2,564.4 5.8
Social sciences 224.8 246.5 308.0 278.4 361.7 352.8 419.3 429.6 444.6 3.5
Other sciences 452.7 572.5 523.6 691.7 715.2 702.7 1,035.9 1,080.3 1,087.4 0.7
                     
Applied research obligations 15,309.3 16,083.7 18,900.7 22,755.6 24,338.4 26,320.4 27,237.1 28,626.9 28,041.0 -2.0
Performers                    
Federal intramural1  5,046.9 5,430.6 5,827.8 6,937.2 7,397.4 7,757.5 7,413.6 7,887.4 7,819.1 -0.9
Industrial firms 3,515.4 3,497.0 3,444.6 4,345.2 4,554.9 4,762.8 4,813.3 5,252.1 5,181.1 -1.4
FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms 517.7 565.8 528.9 647.2 697.7 790.7 839.3 823.5 786.3 -4.5
Universities and colleges 3,788.9 4,096.7 5,959.2 6,864.9 7,617.2 8,524.7 9,300.6 9,685.0 9,431.6 -2.6
FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges 1,100.7 988.6 1,099.2 1,334.2 1,414.1 1,444.8 1,681.6 1,659.4 1,503.1 -9.4
Other nonprofit institutions 1,027.7 1,156.7 1,734.5 2,136.2 2,191.3 2,492.5 2,470.3 2,573.6 2,581.5 0.3
FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions 92.6 114.6 174.5 198.9 186.2 197.0 188.7 198.9 195.8 -1.6
State and local governments 155.2 171.0 86.9 237.1 204.0 220.4 335.0 344.9 340.0 -1.4
Foreign 64.1 62.8 45.1 54.9 75.6 130.0 194.7 202.1 202.5 0.2
Fields of science                    
Life sciences 5,704.1 6,225.3 7,915.7 10,221.8 11,452.7 13,007.0 13,238.5 13,727.7 13,522.5 -1.5
Psychology 279.0 285.3 808.9 449.0 441.3 560.6 875.6 901.1 906.6 0.6
Physical sciences 1,268.3 976.4 1,317.3 1,273.6 1,577.4 1,567.6 1,548.6 1,657.5 1,599.5 -3.5
Environmental sciences 1,533.2 1,479.5 1,490.3 1,588.6 1,585.0 1,841.4 1,718.7 1,815.6 1,672.9 -7.9
Mathematics and computer sciences 1,131.4 1,245.7 1,407.3 1,652.8 1,632.0 1,552.2 1,710.3 1,836.3 1,827.0 -0.5
Engineering 4,301.0 4,623.7 4,582.2 6,285.5 6,410.0 6,492.0 6,594.7 7,056.8 6,832.5 -3.2
Social sciences 581.3 608.3 742.3 730.2 676.9 673.0 670.3 701.9 733.2 4.5
Other sciences 510.9 639.6 636.6 554.1 563.3 626.6 880.5 930.0 946.8 1.8
                     
Development obligations 40,981.0 41,813.1 34,392.7 35,219.5 37,846.3 42,589.5 48,018.7 53,647.9 53,415.1 -0.4
Performers                    
Federal intramural1  9,149.3 9,398.9 7,700.2 9,088.9 9,187.4 10,442.0 10,338.0 12,097.5 11,517.1 -4.8
Industrial firms 27,204.6 27,321.8 22,934.4 21,744.0 23,751.4 27,810.3 32,431.8 36,099.8 36,929.2 2.3
FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms 344.7 448.8 400.6 364.3 413.7 404.1 411.6 496.7 421.6 -15.1
Universities and colleges 1,624.8 1,755.3 799.3 930.8 1,004.7 1,017.0 1,470.6 1,625.5 1,362.0 -16.2
FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges 1,147.2 1,342.3 1,279.9 1,521.4 1,421.8 1,481.6 1,713.5 1,763.5 1,758.4 -0.3
Other nonprofit institutions 729.9 802.0 496.8 560.8 1,016.1 510.3 407.4 483.5 388.1 -19.7
FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions 388.5 443.7 535.4 529.7 655.2 573.7 647.7 603.5 603.2 0.0
State and local governments 207.4 125.1 61.5 141.9 176.7 94.1 347.2 333.7 329.1 -1.4
Foreign 184.6 175.2 184.7 337.6 219.2 256.3 250.9 144.3 106.4 -26.2
                     
R&D plant obligations 1,840.2 2,045.8 4,492.8 4,069.8 4,304.7 4,266.5 3,994.2 3,924.1 3,681.9 -6.2
Performers                    
Federal intramural1  475.3 483.3 573.3 520.4 414.8 609.7 961.3 938.1 859.5 -8.4
Industrial firms 487.7 544.7 2,814.6 2,179.8 2,524.9 1,817.0 1,442.0 1,573.6 1,486.8 -5.5
FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms 45.6 172.8 27.6 41.8 109.1 145.7 188.3 127.7 89.1 -30.3
Universities and colleges 139.5 141.2 213.5 284.7 241.1 686.9 354.3 295.8 280.6 -5.1
FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges 663.6 615.5 613.8 615.9 583.3 578.4 603.9 563.9 566.7 0.5
Other nonprofit institutions 10.9 12.2 55.5 27.9 29.1 70.7 164.5 163.5 169.7 3.8
FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions 12.1 70.7 193.5 357.5 388.8 333.9 252.4 232.6 199.1 -14.4
State and local governments 5.3 0.9 1.4 2.0 0.8 15.8 16.6 17.5 5.1
Foreign 5.5 0.1 40.4 11.7 23.4 11.7 12.3 12.9 5.0
— Not available.
1 Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance.
2 Federally funded research and development centers.
NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Totals do not include the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, 1997 through 2006. (This table was prepared August 2007.)

2007 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest