(67KB)| Table 372. | Federal obligations for research, development, and R&D plant, by performers, fields of science, and category of obligation: Fiscal years 1998 through 2006 |
[In millions of current dollars] | |
| Performers, fields of science, and category of obligation |
Actual | Estimated | ||||||||
| 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | Percent change, 2005 to 2006 |
|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| Total obligations for research, development, and R&D plant | $73,743.5 | $77,386.6 | $77,356.1 | $84,003.0 | $90,157.7 | $97,927.9 | $109,717.2 | $118,996.3 | $116,100.0 | -2.4 |
| Research and development obligations | 71,903.3 | 75,340.8 | 72,863.2 | 79,933.2 | 85,853.0 | 93,661.3 | 105,723.1 | 115,072.2 | 112,418.2 | -2.3 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 17,114.0 | 18,084.7 | 17,149.8 | 20,219.8 | 21,044.8 | 22,861.6 | 26,769.8 | 30,785.9 | 28,275.4 | -8.2 |
| Industrial firms | 31,839.7 | 31,901.6 | 27,735.5 | 27,006.2 | 29,538.2 | 33,852.7 | 39,214.6 | 43,518.4 | 44,314.8 | 1.8 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 1,188.8 | 1,328.1 | 1,100.9 | 1,186.6 | 1,351.1 | 1,507.6 | 1,543.1 | 1,619.3 | 1,502.9 | -7.2 |
| Universities and colleges | 13,365.9 | 14,959.1 | 16,815.1 | 19,587.9 | 21,290.1 | 22,693.5 | 24,169.7 | 24,870.4 | 24,277.1 | -2.4 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 3,890.2 | 3,896.5 | 4,053.2 | 4,617.7 | 4,641.2 | 4,754.2 | 5,400.9 | 5,530.9 | 5,431.6 | -1.8 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 3,155.1 | 3,608.8 | 4,216.6 | 5,138.8 | 5,739.1 | 5,706.7 | 5,623.7 | 5,813.4 | 5,724.3 | -1.5 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 603.0 | 913.3 | 1,231.5 | 1,269.1 | 1,404.8 | 1,352.8 | 1,443.2 | 1,468.8 | 1,465.4 | -0.2 |
| State and local governments | 447.5 | 357.5 | 224.0 | 450.6 | 452.2 | 400.0 | 880.1 | 883.3 | 878.4 | -0.6 |
| Foreign | 299.1 | 291.3 | 336.7 | 456.5 | 391.6 | 532.4 | 677.9 | 581.7 | 548.3 | -5.7 |
| Research obligations | 30,922.3 | 33,527.5 | 38,470.5 | 44,713.7 | 48,006.7 | 51,071.8 | 53,357.8 | 55,546.3 | 54,979.1 | -1.0 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 7,964.7 | 8,685.8 | 9,449.6 | 11,130.9 | 11,857.4 | 12,419.6 | 12,085.2 | 12,810.4 | 12,734.2 | -0.6 |
| Industrial firms | 4,635.1 | 4,579.8 | 4,801.2 | 5,262.3 | 5,786.8 | 6,042.4 | 6,782.7 | 7,418.7 | 7,385.6 | -0.4 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 844.1 | 879.3 | 700.3 | 822.3 | 937.3 | 1,103.5 | 1,131.6 | 1,122.6 | 1,081.3 | -3.7 |
| Universities and colleges | 11,741.0 | 13,203.8 | 16,015.9 | 18,657.1 | 20,285.4 | 21,676.5 | 22,699.1 | 23,244.9 | 22,915.1 | -1.4 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 2,743.0 | 2,554.1 | 2,773.2 | 3,096.3 | 3,219.4 | 3,272.6 | 3,687.3 | 3,767.4 | 3,673.3 | -2.5 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 2,425.2 | 2,806.7 | 3,719.8 | 4,577.9 | 4,723.0 | 5,196.3 | 5,216.4 | 5,329.9 | 5,336.2 | 0.1 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 214.5 | 469.5 | 696.1 | 739.4 | 749.6 | 779.0 | 795.5 | 865.3 | 862.2 | -0.4 |
| State and local governments | 240.1 | 232.4 | 162.5 | 308.7 | 275.5 | 305.8 | 532.9 | 549.6 | 549.3 | -0.1 |
| Foreign | 114.5 | 116.1 | 152.0 | 118.9 | 172.3 | 276.1 | 427.0 | 437.5 | 441.9 | 1.0 |
| Fields of science | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 13,557.6 | 15,422.5 | 17,964.7 | 23,057.3 | 25,476.8 | 27,772.2 | 27,728.5 | 28,543.2 | 28,207.2 | -1.2 |
| Psychology | 591.0 | 632.6 | 1,626.7 | 741.9 | 905.9 | 1,104.4 | 1,854.9 | 1,916.0 | 1,934.2 | 1.0 |
| Physical sciences | 4,209.7 | 4,066.2 | 4,787.9 | 4,600.8 | 4,983.2 | 5,021.6 | 5,211.1 | 5,473.3 | 5,393.6 | -1.5 |
| Environmental sciences | 3,062.0 | 3,095.3 | 3,328.8 | 3,251.7 | 3,418.3 | 3,740.9 | 3,741.6 | 3,876.0 | 3,754.4 | -3.1 |
| Mathematics and computer sciences | 1,836.8 | 1,980.6 | 2,205.6 | 2,610.6 | 2,630.7 | 1,104.4 | 2,949.4 | 3,115.2 | 3,080.7 | -1.1 |
| Engineering | 5,895.4 | 6,263.4 | 6,346.4 | 8,197.0 | 8,274.9 | 8,405.1 | 8,866.4 | 9,480.8 | 9,396.9 | -0.9 |
| Social sciences | 806.1 | 854.9 | 1,050.3 | 1,008.6 | 1,038.5 | 1,025.8 | 1,089.6 | 1,131.5 | 1,177.8 | 4.1 |
| Other sciences | 963.7 | 1,212.1 | 1,160.2 | 1,245.8 | 1,278.4 | 1,329.3 | 1,916.3 | 2,010.3 | 2,034.2 | 1.2 |
| Basic research obligations | 15,613.0 | 17,443.7 | 19,569.8 | 21,958.1 | 23,668.3 | 24,751.4 | 26,120.7 | 26,919.4 | 26,938.1 | 0.1 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 2,917.8 | 3,255.2 | 3,621.8 | 4,193.8 | 4,460.0 | 4,662.1 | 4,671.6 | 4,923.0 | 4,915.1 | -0.2 |
| Industrial firms | 1,119.7 | 1,082.8 | 1,356.5 | 917.1 | 1,231.9 | 1,279.6 | 1,969.4 | 2,166.6 | 2,204.5 | 1.7 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 326.4 | 313.4 | 171.3 | 175.1 | 239.6 | 312.8 | 292.2 | 299.1 | 295.0 | -1.4 |
| Universities and colleges | 7,952.2 | 9,107.1 | 10,056.7 | 11,792.2 | 12,668.2 | 13,151.8 | 13,398.5 | 13,559.9 | 13,483.5 | -0.6 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 1,642.3 | 1,565.5 | 1,674.0 | 1,762.1 | 1,805.2 | 1,827.8 | 2,005.8 | 2,108.0 | 2,170.2 | 3.0 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 1,397.6 | 1,650.0 | 1,985.3 | 2,441.7 | 2,531.7 | 2,703.9 | 2,746.1 | 2,756.3 | 2,754.7 | -0.1 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 121.8 | 354.9 | 521.6 | 540.5 | 563.4 | 582.1 | 606.8 | 666.4 | 666.4 | 0.0 |
| State and local governments | 84.9 | 61.4 | 75.7 | 71.5 | 71.5 | 85.4 | 197.9 | 204.7 | 209.3 | 2.2 |
| Foreign | 50.4 | 53.4 | 106.9 | 64.0 | 96.8 | 146.1 | 232.3 | 235.3 | 239.4 | 1.7 |
| Fields of science | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 7,853.4 | 9,197.1 | 10,049.0 | 12,835.5 | 14,024.1 | 14,765.3 | 14,490.0 | 14,815.5 | 14,684.7 | -0.9 |
| Psychology | 312.0 | 347.3 | 817.8 | 292.9 | 464.6 | 543.8 | 979.2 | 1,014.9 | 1,027.6 | 1.3 |
| Physical sciences | 2,941.4 | 3,089.8 | 3,470.6 | 3,327.1 | 3,405.9 | 3,454.0 | 3,662.6 | 3,815.8 | 3,794.2 | -0.6 |
| Environmental sciences | 1,528.7 | 1,615.7 | 1,838.4 | 1,663.0 | 1,833.3 | 1,899.5 | 2,022.9 | 2,060.4 | 2,081.6 | 1.0 |
| Mathematics and computer sciences | 705.5 | 734.9 | 798.3 | 957.8 | 998.7 | 1,120.2 | 1,239.1 | 1,278.9 | 1,253.7 | -2.0 |
| Engineering | 1,594.4 | 1,639.7 | 1,764.2 | 1,911.5 | 1,864.9 | 1,913.1 | 2,271.7 | 2,424.1 | 2,564.4 | 5.8 |
| Social sciences | 224.8 | 246.5 | 308.0 | 278.4 | 361.7 | 352.8 | 419.3 | 429.6 | 444.6 | 3.5 |
| Other sciences | 452.7 | 572.5 | 523.6 | 691.7 | 715.2 | 702.7 | 1,035.9 | 1,080.3 | 1,087.4 | 0.7 |
| Applied research obligations | 15,309.3 | 16,083.7 | 18,900.7 | 22,755.6 | 24,338.4 | 26,320.4 | 27,237.1 | 28,626.9 | 28,041.0 | -2.0 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 5,046.9 | 5,430.6 | 5,827.8 | 6,937.2 | 7,397.4 | 7,757.5 | 7,413.6 | 7,887.4 | 7,819.1 | -0.9 |
| Industrial firms | 3,515.4 | 3,497.0 | 3,444.6 | 4,345.2 | 4,554.9 | 4,762.8 | 4,813.3 | 5,252.1 | 5,181.1 | -1.4 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 517.7 | 565.8 | 528.9 | 647.2 | 697.7 | 790.7 | 839.3 | 823.5 | 786.3 | -4.5 |
| Universities and colleges | 3,788.9 | 4,096.7 | 5,959.2 | 6,864.9 | 7,617.2 | 8,524.7 | 9,300.6 | 9,685.0 | 9,431.6 | -2.6 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 1,100.7 | 988.6 | 1,099.2 | 1,334.2 | 1,414.1 | 1,444.8 | 1,681.6 | 1,659.4 | 1,503.1 | -9.4 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 1,027.7 | 1,156.7 | 1,734.5 | 2,136.2 | 2,191.3 | 2,492.5 | 2,470.3 | 2,573.6 | 2,581.5 | 0.3 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 92.6 | 114.6 | 174.5 | 198.9 | 186.2 | 197.0 | 188.7 | 198.9 | 195.8 | -1.6 |
| State and local governments | 155.2 | 171.0 | 86.9 | 237.1 | 204.0 | 220.4 | 335.0 | 344.9 | 340.0 | -1.4 |
| Foreign | 64.1 | 62.8 | 45.1 | 54.9 | 75.6 | 130.0 | 194.7 | 202.1 | 202.5 | 0.2 |
| Fields of science | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 5,704.1 | 6,225.3 | 7,915.7 | 10,221.8 | 11,452.7 | 13,007.0 | 13,238.5 | 13,727.7 | 13,522.5 | -1.5 |
| Psychology | 279.0 | 285.3 | 808.9 | 449.0 | 441.3 | 560.6 | 875.6 | 901.1 | 906.6 | 0.6 |
| Physical sciences | 1,268.3 | 976.4 | 1,317.3 | 1,273.6 | 1,577.4 | 1,567.6 | 1,548.6 | 1,657.5 | 1,599.5 | -3.5 |
| Environmental sciences | 1,533.2 | 1,479.5 | 1,490.3 | 1,588.6 | 1,585.0 | 1,841.4 | 1,718.7 | 1,815.6 | 1,672.9 | -7.9 |
| Mathematics and computer sciences | 1,131.4 | 1,245.7 | 1,407.3 | 1,652.8 | 1,632.0 | 1,552.2 | 1,710.3 | 1,836.3 | 1,827.0 | -0.5 |
| Engineering | 4,301.0 | 4,623.7 | 4,582.2 | 6,285.5 | 6,410.0 | 6,492.0 | 6,594.7 | 7,056.8 | 6,832.5 | -3.2 |
| Social sciences | 581.3 | 608.3 | 742.3 | 730.2 | 676.9 | 673.0 | 670.3 | 701.9 | 733.2 | 4.5 |
| Other sciences | 510.9 | 639.6 | 636.6 | 554.1 | 563.3 | 626.6 | 880.5 | 930.0 | 946.8 | 1.8 |
| Development obligations | 40,981.0 | 41,813.1 | 34,392.7 | 35,219.5 | 37,846.3 | 42,589.5 | 52,365.3 | 59,525.9 | 57,439.1 | -3.5 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 9,149.3 | 9,398.9 | 7,700.2 | 9,088.9 | 9,187.4 | 10,442.0 | 14,684.6 | 17,975.4 | 15,541.1 | -13.5 |
| Industrial firms | 27,204.6 | 27,321.8 | 22,934.4 | 21,744.0 | 23,751.4 | 27,810.3 | 32,431.8 | 36,099.8 | 36,929.2 | 2.3 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 344.7 | 448.8 | 400.6 | 364.3 | 413.7 | 404.1 | 411.6 | 496.7 | 421.6 | -15.1 |
| Universities and colleges | 1,624.8 | 1,755.3 | 799.3 | 930.8 | 1,004.7 | 1,017.0 | 1,470.6 | 1,625.5 | 1,362.0 | -16.2 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 1,147.2 | 1,342.3 | 1,279.9 | 1,521.4 | 1,421.8 | 1,481.6 | 1,713.5 | 1,763.5 | 1,758.4 | -0.3 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 729.9 | 802.0 | 496.8 | 560.8 | 1,016.1 | 510.3 | 407.4 | 483.5 | 388.1 | -19.7 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 388.5 | 443.7 | 535.4 | 529.7 | 655.2 | 573.7 | 647.7 | 603.5 | 603.2 | 0.0 |
| State and local governments | 207.4 | 125.1 | 61.5 | 141.9 | 176.7 | 94.1 | 347.2 | 333.7 | 329.1 | -1.4 |
| Foreign | 184.6 | 175.2 | 184.7 | 337.6 | 219.2 | 256.3 | 250.9 | 144.3 | 106.4 | -26.2 |
| R&D plant obligations | 1,840.2 | 2,045.8 | 4,492.8 | 4,069.8 | 4,304.7 | 4,266.5 | 3,994.2 | 3,924.1 | 3,681.9 | -6.2 |
| Performers | ||||||||||
| Federal intramural1 | 475.3 | 483.3 | 573.3 | 520.4 | 414.8 | 609.7 | 961.3 | 938.1 | 859.5 | -8.4 |
| Industrial firms | 487.7 | 544.7 | 2,814.6 | 2,179.8 | 2,524.9 | 1,817.0 | 1,442.0 | 1,573.6 | 1,486.8 | -5.5 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms | 45.6 | 172.8 | 27.6 | 41.8 | 109.1 | 145.7 | 188.3 | 127.7 | 89.1 | -30.3 |
| Universities and colleges | 139.5 | 141.2 | 213.5 | 284.7 | 241.1 | 686.9 | 354.3 | 295.8 | 280.6 | -5.1 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges | 663.6 | 615.5 | 613.8 | 615.9 | 583.3 | 578.4 | 603.9 | 563.9 | 566.7 | 0.5 |
| Other nonprofit institutions | 10.9 | 12.2 | 55.5 | 27.9 | 29.1 | 70.7 | 164.5 | 163.5 | 169.7 | 3.8 |
| FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions | 12.1 | 70.7 | 193.5 | 357.5 | 388.8 | 333.9 | 252.4 | 232.6 | 199.1 | -14.4 |
| State and local governments | — | 5.3 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 15.8 | 16.6 | 17.5 | 5.1 |
| Foreign | 5.5 | — | 0.1 | 40.4 | 11.7 | 23.4 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.9 | 5.0 |
| —Not available. 1 Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance. 2 Federally funded research and development centers. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Totals do not include the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, 1997 through 2006. (This table was prepared November 2006.) |