(45KB)| Table 362. | Federal support and estimated federal tax expenditures for education, by category: Selected fiscal years, 1965 through 2006 |
[In millions of dollars] |
|
| Fiscal year | Total on-budget support, off-budget support, and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation | On-budget support1 | Off-budget support and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation | Estimated federal tax expenditures for education2 | ||||||||||||
| Total | Elementary and secondary | Post-secondary | Other education3 | Research at educational institutions | Total | Off-budget support | Nonfederal funds | |||||||||
| Direct Loan Program4 | Federal Family Education Loan Program5 | Perkins Loans6 | Income Contingent Loans7 | Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnerships8 | Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants9 | Work-Study Aid10 | ||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |
| Current dollars | ||||||||||||||||
| 1965 | $5,354.7 | $5,331.0 | $1,942.6 | $1,197.5 | $374.7 | $1,816.3 | $23.7 | † | † | $16.1 | † | † | † | $7.6 | — | |
| 1970 | 13,359.1 | 12,526.5 | 5,830.4 | 3,447.7 | 964.7 | 2,283.6 | 832.6 | † | $770.0 | 21.0 | † | † | † | 41.6 | — | |
| 1975 | 24,691.5 | 23,288.1 | 10,617.2 | 7,644.0 | 1,608.5 | 3,418.4 | 1,403.4 | † | 1,233.0 | 35.7 | † | $20.0 | † | 114.7 | $8,605.0 | |
| 1980 | 39,349.5 | 34,493.5 | 16,027.7 | 11,115.9 | 1,548.7 | 5,801.2 | 4,856.0 | † | 4,598.0 | 31.8 | † | 76.8 | † | 149.4 | 13,320.0 | |
| 1985 | 47,753.4 | 39,027.9 | 16,901.3 | 11,174.4 | 2,107.6 | 8,844.6 | 8,725.5 | † | 8,467.0 | 21.4 | † | 76.0 | † | 161.1 | 19,105.0 | |
| 1986 | 48,357.3 | 39,962.9 | 17,049.9 | 11,283.6 | 2,620.0 | 9,009.4 | 8,394.4 | † | 8,142.0 | 20.2 | † | 72.7 | † | 159.5 | 20,425.0 | |
| 1987 | 50,724.6 | 41,194.7 | 17,535.7 | 10,300.0 | 2,820.4 | 10,538.6 | 9,529.8 | † | 9,272.0 | 20.9 | $0.6 | 76.0 | † | 160.4 | 20,830.0 | |
| 1988 | 54,078.7 | 43,454.4 | 18,564.9 | 10,657.5 | 2,981.6 | 11,250.5 | 10,624.3 | † | 10,380.0 | 20.6 | 0.5 | 72.8 | † | 150.4 | 17,025.0 | |
| 1989 | 59,537.4 | 48,269.6 | 19,809.5 | 13,269.9 | 3,180.3 | 12,009.8 | 11,267.8 | † | 10,938.0 | 20.4 | 0.5 | 71.9 | $22.0 | 215.0 | 17,755.0 | |
| 1990 | 62,811.5 | 51,624.3 | 21,984.4 | 13,650.9 | 3,383.0 | 12,606.0 | 11,187.2 | † | 10,826.0 | 15.0 | 0.5 | 59.2 | 48.8 | 237.7 | 19,040.0 | |
| 1991 | 70,375.6 | 57,599.5 | 25,418.0 | 14,707.4 | 3,698.6 | 13,775.4 | 12,776.1 | † | 12,372.0 | 17.3 | 0.5 | 63.5 | 87.7 | 235.0 | 18,995.0 | |
| 1992 | 74,481.1 | 60,483.1 | 27,926.9 | 14,387.4 | 3,992.0 | 14,176.9 | 13,998.0 | † | 13,568.0 | 17.3 | 0.5 | 72.0 | 97.2 | 242.9 | 19,950.0 | |
| 1993 | 84,741.5 | 67,740.6 | 30,834.3 | 17,844.0 | 4,107.2 | 14,955.1 | 17,000.8 | † | 16,524.0 | 29.3 | † | 72.4 | 184.6 | 190.5 | 21,010.0 | |
| 1994 | 92,781.5 | 68,254.2 | 32,304.4 | 16,177.1 | 4,483.7 | 15,289.1 | 24,527.3 | $813.0 | 23,214.0 | 52.7 | † | 72.4 | 184.6 | 190.5 | 22,630.0 | |
| 1995 | 95,810.8 | 71,639.5 | 33,623.8 | 17,618.1 | 4,719.7 | 15,677.9 | 24,171.2 | 5,161.0 | 18,519.0 | 52.7 | † | 63.4 | 184.6 | 190.5 | 24,600.0 | |
| 1996 | 96,842.8 | 71,337.2 | 34,401.3 | 15,775.5 | 4,828.0 | 16,332.3 | 25,505.6 | 8,357.0 | 16,711.0 | 31.1 | † | 31.4 | 184.6 | 190.5 | 26,340.0 | |
| 1997 | 103,259.8 | 73,731.8 | 35,478.9 | 15,959.4 | 5,021.2 | 17,272.4 | 29,528.0 | 9,838.0 | 19,163.0 | 52.7 | † | 50.0 | 184.6 | 239.7 | 28,125.0 | |
| 1998 | 107,810.5 | 76,909.2 | 37,486.2 | 15,799.6 | 5,148.5 | 18,475.0 | 30,901.3 | 10,400.1 | 20,002.5 | 45.0 | † | 25.0 | 194.3 | 234.4 | 29,540.0 | |
| 1999 | 113,417.2 | 82,863.6 | 39,937.9 | 17,651.2 | 5,318.0 | 19,956.5 | 30,553.6 | 9,953.0 | 20,107.0 | 33.3 | † | 25.0 | 195.9 | 239.4 | 37,360.0 | |
| 2000 | 119,541.6 | 85,944.2 | 43,790.8 | 15,008.7 | 5,484.6 | 21,660.1 | 33,597.4 | 10,347.0 | 22,711.0 | 33.3 | † | 50.0 | 199.7 | 256.4 | 39,475.0 | |
| 2001 | 130,668.5 | 94,846.5 | 48,530.1 | 14,938.3 | 5,880.0 | 25,498.1 | 35,822.0 | 10,635.0 | 24,694.0 | 25.0 | † | 80.0 | 184.0 | 204.0 | 41,460.0 | |
| 2002 | 150,034.5 | 109,211.5 | 52,754.1 | 22,964.2 | 6,297.7 | 27,195.5 | 40,823.0 | 11,689.0 | 28,606.0 | 25.0 | † | 104.0 | 192.0 | 207.0 | — | |
| 2003 | 170,671.5 | 124,374.5 | 59,274.2 | 29,499.7 | 6,532.5 | 29,068.1 | 46,297.0 | 11,969.0 | 33,791.0 | 33.0 | † | 103.0 | 202.0 | 199.0 | — | |
| 2004 | 185,176.7 | 132,420.7 | 62,653.2 | 32,433.0 | 6,576.8 | 30,757.7 | 52,756.0 | 12,840.0 | 39,266.0 | 33.0 | † | 102.0 | 244.0 | 271.0 | — | |
| 2005 | 202,818.2 | 145,989.2 | 68,957.7 | 38,587.3 | 6,908.5 | 31,535.7 | 11 | 56,829.0 | 12,930.0 | 43,284.0 | 0.0 | † | 101.0 | 246.0 | 268.0 | — |
| 200611 | 227,320.5 | 166,134.5 | 70,748.6 | 57,381.5 | 7,186.7 | 30,817.8 | 61,186.0 | 13,874.0 | 46,703.0 | 0.0 | † | 100.0 | 244.0 | 265.0 | — | |
| Constant fiscal year 2006 dollars12 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1965 | $32,533.9 | $32,389.8 | $11,802.6 | $7,275.7 | $2,276.3 | $11,035.2 | $144.1 | † | $97.9 | † | † | † | $46.2 | — | ||
| 1970 | 66,224.4 | 62,097.1 | 28,903.0 | 17,091.1 | 4,782.4 | 11,320.6 | 4,127.3 | † | $3,817.1 | 104.0 | † | † | † | 206.2 | — | |
| 1975 | 85,471.7 | 80,613.8 | 36,752.3 | 26,460.5 | 5,567.9 | 11,833.1 | 4,857.9 | † | 4,268.1 | 123.5 | † | $69.2 | † | 397.0 | $29,786.9 | |
| 1980 | 91,656.4 | 80,345.4 | 37,333.1 | 25,892.1 | 3,607.4 | 13,512.7 | 11,311.0 | † | 10,710.1 | 74.0 | † | 178.9 | † | 348.0 | 31,026.1 | |
| 1985 | 82,492.7 | 67,419.6 | 29,196.6 | 19,303.4 | 3,640.8 | 15,278.8 | 15,073.1 | † | 14,626.5 | 36.9 | † | 131.3 | † | 278.3 | 33,003.4 | |
| 1986 | 81,539.9 | 67,385.3 | 28,749.5 | 19,026.3 | 4,417.9 | 15,191.5 | 14,154.6 | † | 13,729.0 | 34.1 | † | 122.6 | † | 268.9 | 34,440.5 | |
| 1987 | 83,184.6 | 67,556.3 | 28,757.3 | 16,891.2 | 4,625.3 | 17,282.5 | 15,628.3 | † | 15,205.4 | 34.3 | $0.9 | 124.6 | † | 263.0 | 34,159.7 | |
| 1988 | 86,082.1 | 69,170.4 | 29,551.4 | 16,964.6 | 4,746.0 | 17,908.4 | 16,911.7 | † | 16,522.8 | 32.8 | 0.8 | 115.9 | † | 239.4 | 27,100.3 | |
| 1989 | 91,393.2 | 74,096.4 | 30,408.7 | 20,370.0 | 4,882.0 | 18,435.7 | 17,296.7 | † | 16,790.4 | 31.3 | 0.8 | 110.4 | $33.8 | 330.0 | 27,254.9 | |
| 1990 | 93,348.7 | 76,722.6 | 32,672.5 | 20,287.6 | 5,027.8 | 18,734.7 | 16,626.1 | † | 16,089.3 | 22.3 | 0.7 | 88.0 | 72.5 | 353.3 | 28,296.7 | |
| 1991 | 100,216.3 | 82,022.9 | 36,195.8 | 20,943.7 | 5,266.9 | 19,616.5 | 18,193.4 | † | 17,618.0 | 24.7 | 0.7 | 90.5 | 124.9 | 334.6 | 27,049.3 | |
| 1992 | 102,547.3 | 83,274.4 | 38,450.3 | 19,808.9 | 5,496.2 | 19,519.0 | 19,272.8 | † | 18,680.7 | 23.9 | 0.7 | 99.1 | 133.9 | 334.5 | 27,467.6 | |
| 1993 | 113,772.1 | 90,947.1 | 41,397.5 | 23,957.0 | 5,514.2 | 20,078.4 | 22,825.0 | † | 22,184.8 | 39.3 | † | 97.2 | 247.9 | 255.8 | 28,207.6 | |
| 1994 | 122,089.7 | 89,814.6 | 42,508.8 | 21,287.1 | 5,900.0 | 20,118.7 | 32,275.0 | $1,069.8 | 30,546.9 | 69.3 | † | 95.3 | 242.9 | 250.7 | 29,778.5 | |
| 1995 | 123,062.2 | 92,015.9 | 43,187.4 | 22,629.3 | 6,062.1 | 20,137.2 | 31,046.3 | 6,628.9 | 23,786.4 | 67.6 | † | 81.4 | 237.1 | 244.7 | 31,597.0 | |
| 1996 | 121,614.1 | 89,584.5 | 43,200.8 | 19,810.7 | 6,063.0 | 20,509.9 | 32,029.7 | 10,494.6 | 20,985.5 | 39.1 | † | 39.4 | 231.8 | 239.2 | 33,077.5 | |
| 1997 | 127,217.7 | 90,838.8 | 43,710.5 | 19,662.3 | 6,186.1 | 21,279.8 | 36,378.9 | 12,120.6 | 23,609.1 | 64.9 | † | 61.6 | 227.4 | 295.3 | 34,650.4 | |
| 1998 | 131,510.2 | 93,816.0 | 45,726.6 | 19,272.7 | 6,280.3 | 22,536.3 | 37,694.2 | 12,686.3 | 24,399.6 | 54.9 | † | 30.5 | 237.0 | 285.9 | 36,033.7 | |
| 1999 | 136,291.4 | 99,575.7 | 47,992.7 | 21,211.1 | 6,390.6 | 23,981.3 | 36,715.7 | 11,960.3 | 24,162.2 | 40.0 | † | 30.0 | 235.4 | 287.7 | 44,894.9 | |
| † | ||||||||||||||||
| 2000 | 140,031.0 | 100,675.0 | 51,296.5 | 17,581.2 | 6,424.6 | 25,372.7 | 39,356.0 | 12,120.5 | 26,603.7 | 39.0 | † | 58.6 | 233.9 | 300.3 | 46,241.0 | |
| 2001 | 149,579.8 | 108,573.4 | 55,553.7 | 17,100.3 | 6,731.0 | 29,188.4 | 41,006.4 | 12,174.2 | 28,267.9 | 28.6 | † | 91.6 | 210.6 | 233.5 | 47,460.4 | |
| 2002 | 168,585.5 | 122,714.9 | 59,276.9 | 25,803.6 | 7,076.4 | 30,558.1 | 45,870.6 | 13,134.3 | 32,143.0 | 28.1 | † | 116.9 | 215.7 | 232.6 | — | |
| 2003 | 186,967.7 | 136,250.1 | 64,933.9 | 32,316.4 | 7,156.2 | 31,843.6 | 50,717.6 | 13,111.8 | 37,017.5 | 36.2 | † | 112.8 | 221.3 | 218.0 | — | |
| 2004 | 197,555.5 | 141,272.9 | 66,841.5 | 34,601.1 | 7,016.5 | 32,813.8 | 56,282.7 | 13,698.3 | 41,890.9 | 35.2 | † | 108.8 | 260.3 | 289.1 | — | |
| 2005 | 209,396.5 | 150,724.3 | 71,194.3 | 39,838.8 | 7,132.6 | 32,558.5 | 11 | 58,672.2 | 13,349.4 | 44,687.9 | 0.0 | † | 104.3 | 254.0 | 276.7 | — |
| 200611 | 227,320.5 | 166,134.5 | 70,748.6 | 57,381.5 | 7,186.7 | 30,817.8 | 61,186.0 | 13,874.0 | 46,703.0 | 0.0 | † | 100.0 | 244.0 | 265.0 | — | |
| —Not available. †Not applicable. 1 On-budget support includes federal funds for education programs tied to appropriations. 2 Losses of tax revenue attributable to provisions of the federal income tax laws that allow a special exclusion, exemption, or deduction from gross income or provide a special credit, preferential rate of tax, or a deferral of tax liability affecting individual or corporate income tax liabilities. 3 Other education includes libraries, museums, cultural activities, and miscellaneous research. 4 The William D. Ford Direct Program (commonly referrred to as the Direct Loan Program) provides students with the same benefits they are currently eligible to receive under the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program, but provides loans to students through federal capital rather than through private lenders. 5 Formerly the Guaranteed Student Loan program. New student loans guaranteed by the federal government and disbursed to borrowers. 6 Student loans created from institutional matching funds (since 1993 one-third of federal capital contributions). Excludes repayments of outstanding loans. 7 Student loans created from institutional matching funds (one-ninth of the federal contribution). This was a demonstration project that involved only 10 institutions and had unsubsidized interest rates. Program repealed in fiscal year 1992. 8 Formerly the State Student Incentive Grant program. Starting in fiscal year 2000, amounts under $30.0 million have required dollar-for-dollar state matching contributions, while amounts over $30.0 million have required two-to-one state matching contributions. 9 Institutions award grants to undergraduate students, and the federal share of such grants may not exceed 75 percent of the total grant. 10 Employer contributions to student earnings are generally one-third of federal allocation. 11 Estimated. 12 Data adjusted by the federal funds composite deflator reported in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Historical Tables, Fiscal Year 2007. NOTE: To the extent possible, federal education funds data represent outlays rather than obligations. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, fiscal years 1967 through 2007. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1967 through 2006. (This table was prepared November 2006.) |