(37KB)| Table 122. | Percentage of students at or above selected mathematics proficiency levels, by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1978 through 2004 |
| Selected characteristic | 9-year-olds1 | 13-year-olds2 | 17-year-olds2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Simple arithmetic facts3 |
Beginning skills and understanding4 |
Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5 |
Moderately complex procedures and reasoning6 |
Beginning skills and understanding4 |
Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5 |
Moderately complex procedures and reasoning6 |
Multistep problem solving and algebra7 |
Beginning skills and understanding4 |
Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5 |
Moderately complex procedures and reasoning6 |
Multistep problem solving and algebra7 |
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| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||||
| Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1978 | 96.7 | (0.3) | 70.4 | (0.9) | 19.6 | (0.7) | 0.8 | (0.1) | 94.6 | (0.5) | 64.9 | (1.2) | 18.0 | (0.7) | 1.0 | (0.2) | 99.8 | (0.1) | 92.0 | (0.5) | 51.5 | (1.1) | 7.3 | (0.4) |
| 1982 | 97.1 | (0.3) | 71.4 | (1.2) | 18.8 | (1.0) | 0.6 | (0.1) | 97.7 | (0.4) | 71.4 | (1.2) | 17.4 | (0.9) | 0.5 | (0.1) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 93.0 | (0.5) | 48.5 | (1.3) | 5.5 | (0.4) |
| 1986 | 97.9 | (0.3) | 74.1 | (1.2) | 20.7 | (0.9) | 0.6 | (0.2) | 98.6 | (0.2) | 73.3 | (1.6) | 15.8 | (1.0) | 0.4 | (0.1) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 95.6 | (0.5) | 51.7 | (1.4) | 6.5 | (0.5) |
| 1990 | 99.1 | (0.2) | 81.5 | (1.0) | 27.7 | (0.9) | 1.2 | (0.3) | 98.5 | (0.2) | 74.7 | (1.0) | 17.3 | (1.0) | 0.4 | (0.1) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.0 | (0.5) | 56.1 | (1.4) | 7.2 | (0.6) |
| 1992 | 99.0 | (0.2) | 81.4 | (0.8) | 27.8 | (0.9) | 1.2 | (0.3) | 98.7 | (0.3) | 77.9 | (1.1) | 18.9 | (1.0) | 0.4 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.6 | (0.5) | 59.1 | (1.3) | 7.2 | (0.6) |
| 1994 | 99.0 | (0.2) | 82.0 | (0.7) | 29.9 | (1.1) | 1.3 | (0.4) | 98.5 | (0.3) | 78.1 | (1.1) | 21.3 | (1.4) | 0.6 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.5 | (0.5) | 58.6 | (1.4) | 7.4 | (0.8) |
| 1996 | 99.1 | (0.2) | 81.5 | (0.8) | 29.7 | (1.0) | 1.6 | (0.3) | 98.8 | (0.2) | 78.6 | (0.9) | 20.6 | (1.2) | 0.6 | (0.1) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.8 | (0.4) | 60.1 | (1.7) | 7.4 | (0.8) |
| 1999 | 98.9 | (0.2) | 82.5 | (0.8) | 30.9 | (1.1) | 1.7 | (0.3) | 98.7 | (0.2) | 78.8 | (1.0) | 23.2 | (1.0) | 0.9 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.8 | (0.5) | 60.7 | (1.6) | 8.4 | (0.8) |
| 2004 | 99.3 | (0.1) | 88.6 | (0.8) | 41.9 | (1.2) | — | (†) | 98.6 | (0.2) | 83.5 | (1.0) | 29.0 | (1.1) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 96.7 | (0.4) | 58.6 | (1.3) | 6.9 | (0.6) |
| Male | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1978 | 96.2 | (0.5) | 68.9 | (1.0) | 19.2 | (0.6) | 0.7 | (0.2) | 93.9 | (0.5) | 63.9 | (1.3) | 18.4 | (0.9) | 1.1 | (0.2) | 99.9 | (0.1) | 93.0 | (0.5) | 55.1 | (1.2) | 9.5 | (0.6) |
| 1982 | 96.5 | (0.5) | 68.8 | (1.3) | 18.1 | (1.1) | 0.6 | (0.1) | 97.5 | (0.6) | 71.3 | (1.4) | 18.9 | (1.2) | 0.7 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 93.9 | (0.6) | 51.9 | (1.5) | 6.9 | (0.7) |
| 1986 | 98.0 | (0.5) | 74.0 | (1.4) | 20.9 | (1.1) | 0.7 | (0.3) | 98.5 | (0.3) | 73.8 | (1.8) | 17.6 | (1.1) | 0.5 | (0.2) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 96.1 | (0.6) | 54.6 | (1.8) | 8.4 | (0.9) |
| 1990 | 99.0 | (0.3) | 80.6 | (1.0) | 27.5 | (1.0) | 1.3 | (0.4) | 98.2 | (0.3) | 75.1 | (1.8) | 19.0 | (1.2) | 0.5 | (0.2) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 95.8 | (0.8) | 57.6 | (1.4) | 8.8 | (0.8) |
| 1992 | 99.0 | (0.3) | 81.9 | (1.0) | 29.4 | (1.2) | 1.4 | (0.3) | 98.8 | (0.4) | 78.1 | (1.6) | 20.7 | (1.1) | 0.5 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.9 | (0.6) | 60.5 | (1.8) | 9.1 | (0.7) |
| 1994 | 99.1 | (0.3) | 82.3 | (0.9) | 31.5 | (1.6) | 1.4 | (0.4) | 98.3 | (0.4) | 78.9 | (1.5) | 23.9 | (1.6) | 0.8 | (0.3) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 97.3 | (0.6) | 60.2 | (2.1) | 9.3 | (1.0) |
| 1996 | 99.1 | (0.2) | 82.5 | (1.1) | 32.7 | (1.7) | 2.0 | (0.5) | 98.7 | (0.3) | 79.8 | (1.4) | 23.0 | (1.6) | 0.8 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 97.0 | (0.7) | 62.7 | (1.8) | 9.5 | (1.3) |
| 1999 | 98.8 | (0.3) | 82.6 | (0.9) | 32.4 | (1.3) | 1.9 | (0.4) | 98.5 | (0.3) | 79.3 | (1.1) | 25.4 | (1.2) | 1.2 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.5 | (0.8) | 63.1 | (2.1) | 9.8 | (1.1) |
| 2004 | 99.3 | (0.2) | 89.3 | (0.9) | 43.5 | (1.2) | — | (†) | 98.3 | (0.3) | 82.8 | (1.2) | 32.6 | (1.6) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 96.6 | (0.6) | 60.6 | (1.6) | 8.8 | (1.0) |
| Female | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1978 | 97.2 | (0.3) | 72.0 | (1.1) | 19.9 | (1.0) | 0.8 | (0.2) | 95.2 | (0.5) | 65.9 | (1.2) | 17.5 | (0.7) | 0.9 | (0.2) | 99.7 | (0.1) | 91.0 | (0.6) | 48.2 | (1.3) | 5.2 | (0.7) |
| 1982 | 97.6 | (0.3) | 74.0 | (1.3) | 19.6 | (1.1) | 0.5 | (0.1) | 98.0 | (0.3) | 71.4 | (1.3) | 15.9 | (1.0) | 0.4 | (0.2) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 92.1 | (0.6) | 45.3 | (1.4) | 4.1 | (0.4) |
| 1986 | 97.8 | (0.4) | 74.3 | (1.3) | 20.6 | (1.3) | 0.6 | (0.3) | 98.6 | (0.3) | 72.7 | (1.9) | 14.1 | (1.3) | 0.3 | (0.1) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 95.1 | (0.7) | 48.9 | (1.7) | 4.7 | (0.6) |
| 1990 | 99.1 | (0.3) | 82.3 | (1.3) | 27.9 | (1.3) | 1.0 | (0.3) | 98.9 | (0.2) | 74.4 | (1.3) | 15.7 | (1.0) | 0.2 | (0.1) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.2 | (0.8) | 54.7 | (1.8) | 5.6 | (0.8) |
| 1992 | 99.0 | (0.3) | 80.9 | (1.1) | 26.3 | (1.5) | 1.0 | (0.4) | 98.6 | (0.2) | 77.7 | (1.1) | 17.2 | (1.4) | 0.3 | (‡ ) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.3 | (0.8) | 57.7 | (1.6) | 5.2 | (0.8) |
| 1994 | 98.9 | (0.3) | 81.7 | (0.9) | 28.3 | (1.3) | 1.1 | (0.4) | 98.7 | (0.3) | 77.3 | (1.0) | 18.7 | (1.4) | 0.5 | (0.3) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.0 | (0.6) | 57.2 | (1.4) | 5.5 | (0.9) |
| 1996 | 99.1 | (0.4) | 80.7 | (0.9) | 26.7 | (1.1) | 1.2 | (0.4) | 98.8 | (0.3) | 77.4 | (1.1) | 18.4 | (1.5) | 0.5 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.7 | (0.6) | 57.6 | (2.2) | 5.3 | (0.8) |
| 1999 | 99.0 | (0.2) | 82.5 | (1.2) | 29.4 | (1.4) | 1.6 | (0.4) | 99.0 | (0.4) | 78.4 | (1.2) | 21.0 | (1.4) | 0.6 | (0.3) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 97.2 | (0.4) | 58.5 | (1.9) | 7.1 | (1.1) |
| 2004 | 99.3 | (0.2) | 87.9 | (1.0) | 40.3 | (1.5) | — | (†) | 98.8 | (0.3) | 84.1 | (1.1) | 25.6 | (1.1) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 96.8 | (0.5) | 56.7 | (1.6) | 5.1 | (0.6) |
| White | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1978 | 98.3 | (0.2) | 76.3 | (1.0) | 22.9 | (0.9) | 0.9 | (0.2) | 97.6 | (0.3) | 72.9 | (0.9) | 21.4 | (0.7) | 1.2 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 95.6 | (0.3) | 57.6 | (1.1) | 8.5 | (0.5) |
| 1982 | 98.5 | (0.3) | 76.8 | (1.2) | 21.8 | (1.1) | 0.6 | (0.1) | 99.1 | (0.1) | 78.3 | (0.9) | 20.5 | (1.0) | 0.6 | (0.1) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 96.2 | (0.3) | 54.7 | (1.4) | 6.4 | (0.5) |
| 1986 | 98.8 | (0.2) | 79.6 | (1.3) | 24.6 | (1.0) | 0.8 | (0.3) | 99.3 | (0.3) | 78.9 | (1.7) | 18.6 | (1.2) | 0.4 | (0.1) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 98.0 | (0.4) | 59.1 | (1.7) | 7.9 | (0.7) |
| 1990 | 99.6 | (0.2) | 86.9 | (0.9) | 32.7 | (1.0) | 1.5 | (0.4) | 99.4 | (0.1) | 82.0 | (1.0) | 21.0 | (1.2) | 0.4 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 97.6 | (0.3) | 63.2 | (1.6) | 8.3 | (0.7) |
| 1992 | 99.6 | (0.1) | 86.9 | (0.7) | 32.4 | (1.0) | 1.4 | (0.3) | 99.6 | (0.2) | 84.9 | (1.1) | 22.8 | (1.3) | 0.4 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 98.3 | (0.4) | 66.4 | (1.4) | 8.7 | (0.9) |
| 1994 | 99.6 | (0.2) | 87.0 | (0.8) | 35.3 | (1.3) | 1.5 | (0.4) | 99.3 | (0.2) | 85.5 | (0.9) | 25.6 | (1.6) | 0.7 | (0.3) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 98.4 | (0.4) | 67.0 | (1.4) | 9.4 | (1.1) |
| 1996 | 99.6 | (0.1) | 86.6 | (0.8) | 35.7 | (1.4) | 2.0 | (0.4) | 99.6 | (0.2) | 86.4 | (1.0) | 25.4 | (1.5) | 0.8 | (0.2) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 98.7 | (0.4) | 68.7 | (2.2) | 9.2 | (1.0) |
| 1999 | 99.6 | (0.1) | 88.6 | (0.8) | 37.1 | (1.4) | 2.2 | (0.4) | 99.4 | (0.3) | 86.7 | (0.9) | 29.0 | (1.3) | 1.2 | (0.3) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 98.7 | (0.4) | 69.9 | (2.0) | 10.4 | (1.1) |
| 2004 | 99.7 | (0.1) | 92.6 | (0.6) | 49.0 | (1.4) | — | (†) | 99.1 | (0.2) | 90.5 | (0.8) | 36.0 | (1.3) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 98.4 | (0.4) | 69.0 | (1.3) | 8.5 | (0.8) |
| Black | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1978 | 88.4 | (1.0) | 42.0 | (1.4) | 4.1 | (0.6) | # | (†) | 79.7 | (1.5) | 28.7 | (2.1) | 2.3 | (0.5) | # | (†) | 98.8 | (0.3) | 70.7 | (1.7) | 16.8 | (1.6) | # | (†) |
| 1982 | 90.2 | (1.0) | 46.1 | (2.4) | 4.4 | (0.8) | # | (†) | 90.2 | (1.6) | 37.9 | (2.5) | 2.9 | (1.0) | # | (†) | 99.7 | (0.2) | 76.4 | (1.5) | 17.1 | (1.5) | # | (†) |
| 1986 | 93.9 | (1.4) | 53.4 | (2.5) | 5.6 | (0.9) | # | (†) | 95.4 | (0.9) | 49.0 | (3.7) | 4.0 | (1.4) | # | (†) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 85.6 | (2.5) | 20.8 | (2.8) | # | (†) |
| 1990 | 96.9 | (0.9) | 60.0 | (2.8) | 9.4 | (1.7) | # | (†) | 95.4 | (1.1) | 48.7 | (3.6) | 3.9 | (1.6) | # | (†) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 92.4 | (2.2) | 32.8 | (4.5) | 2.0 | (1.0) |
| 1992 | 96.6 | (1.1) | 59.8 | (2.8) | 9.6 | (1.4) | # | (†) | 95.0 | (1.4) | 51.0 | (2.7) | 4.0 | (0.7) | # | (†) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 89.6 | (2.5) | 29.8 | (3.9) | 0.9 | (‡ ) |
| 1994 | 97.4 | (1.0) | 65.9 | (2.6) | 11.1 | (1.7) | # | (†) | 95.6 | (1.6) | 51.0 | (3.9) | 6.4 | (2.4) | # | (†) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 90.6 | (1.8) | 29.8 | (3.4) | # | (†) |
| 1996 | 97.3 | (0.8) | 65.3 | (2.4) | 10.0 | (1.2) | # | (†) | 96.2 | (1.3) | 53.7 | (2.6) | 4.8 | (1.1) | # | (†) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 90.6 | (1.3) | 31.2 | (2.5) | 0.9 | (‡ ) |
| 1999 | 96.4 | (0.6) | 63.3 | (2.1) | 12.3 | (1.5) | # | (†) | 96.5 | (1.1) | 50.8 | (4.0) | 4.4 | (1.4) | # | (†) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 88.6 | (2.0) | 26.6 | (2.7) | 1.0 | (‡ ) |
| 2004 | 97.6 | (0.7) | 77.0 | (2.4) | 23.6 | (2.0) | — | (†) | 97.2 | (0.6) | 67.2 | (2.2) | 9.0 | (1.1) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 91.7 | (1.9) | 26.0 | (2.6) | 0.9 | (0.5) |
| Hispanic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1978 | 93.0 | (1.2) | 54.2 | (2.8) | 9.2 | (2.5) | # | (†) | 86.4 | (0.9) | 36.0 | (2.9) | 4.0 | (1.0) | # | (†) | 99.3 | (0.4) | 78.3 | (2.3) | 23.4 | (2.7) | 1.4 | (0.6) |
| 1982 | 94.3 | (1.2) | 55.7 | (2.3) | 7.8 | (1.7) | # | (†) | 95.9 | (0.9) | 52.2 | (2.5) | 6.3 | (1.0) | # | (†) | 99.8 | (‡ ) | 81.4 | (1.9) | 21.6 | (2.2) | 0.7 | (0.4) |
| 1986 | 96.4 | (1.3) | 57.6 | (2.9) | 7.3 | (2.8) | # | (†) | 96.9 | (1.4) | 56.0 | (5.0) | 5.5 | (1.1) | # | (†) | 99.4 | (‡ ) | 89.3 | (2.5) | 26.5 | (4.5) | 1.1 | (‡ ) |
| 1990 | 98.0 | (0.8) | 68.4 | (3.0) | 11.3 | (3.5) | # | (†) | 96.8 | (1.1) | 56.7 | (3.3) | 6.4 | (1.7) | # | (†) | 99.6 | (‡ ) | 85.8 | (4.2) | 30.1 | (3.1) | 1.9 | (0.8) |
| 1992 | 97.2 | (1.3) | 65.0 | (2.9) | 11.7 | (2.5) | # | (†) | 98.1 | (0.7) | 63.3 | (2.7) | 7.0 | (1.2) | # | (†) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 94.1 | (2.2) | 39.2 | (4.9) | 1.2 | (‡ ) |
| 1994 | 97.2 | (1.2) | 63.5 | (3.1) | 9.7 | (1.8) | # | (†) | 97.1 | (1.3) | 59.2 | (2.2) | 6.4 | (1.8) | # | (†) | 100.0 | (‡ ) | 91.8 | (3.6) | 38.3 | (5.5) | 1.4 | (‡ ) |
| 1996 | 98.1 | (0.7) | 67.1 | (2.1) | 13.8 | (2.3) | # | (†) | 96.2 | (0.8) | 58.3 | (2.3) | 6.7 | (1.2) | # | (†) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 92.2 | (2.2) | 40.1 | (3.5) | 1.8 | (‡ ) |
| 1999 | 98.1 | (0.7) | 67.5 | (2.5) | 10.5 | (1.6) | # | (†) | 97.2 | (0.6) | 62.9 | (2.5) | 8.2 | (1.4) | # | (†) | 99.9 | (‡ ) | 93.6 | (2.2) | 37.7 | (4.1) | 3.1 | (1.1) |
| 2004 | 99.6 | (0.2) | 82.6 | (2.4) | 26.9 | (2.7) | — | (†) | 97.3 | (0.8) | 68.4 | (3.3) | 14.3 | (1.8) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 92.1 | (2.1) | 32.3 | (2.1) | 1.3 | (0.5) |
| —Not available. † Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. ‡ Reporting standards not met. 1 Virtually no students were able to perform multistep problems and algebra. 2 Virtually all students knew simple arithmetic facts. 3 Scale score of 150 or above. 4 Scale score of 200 or above. 5 Scale score of 250 or above. 6 Scale score of 300 or above. 7 Scale score of 350 or above. NOTE: Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Includes public and private schools. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Totals include other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1999 NAEP Trends in Academic Progress and NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved July 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.) |