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| Table 42. | Child care arrangements of preschool children, by age and race/ethnicity: 1991, 1995, 1999, and 2001 |
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| | Age | Race/ethnicity
| |___________________________________|________________________________________________
| | | | |White, non-| Black, non-| |
Characteristic | Total|3 years old|4 years old|5 years old| Hispanic| Hispanic| Hispanic| Other
________________________|____________|___________|___________|___________|___________|____________|____________|__________
1 | 2 | 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9
________________________|____________|___________|___________|___________|___________|____________|____________|__________
1991 Children\1\ | | | | | | | |
In thousands ........|8,402 (40.9)|3,733 (7.1)|3,627(14.6)|1,042(38.6)|5,850(59.9)| 1,236(41.0)| 999(31.3)| 317(34.6)
Percent .............|100.0 (†) | 44.4(0.21)| 43.2(0.24)| 12.4(0.40)| 69.6(0.67)| 14.7(0.47)| 11.9(0.37)| 3.8(0.41)
|____________|___________|___________|___________|___________|____________|____________|__________
Percent in nonparental | | | | | | | |
arrangements | | | | | | | |
Relative care ........| 16.9 (0.60)| 16.2(0.72)| 18.0(0.85)| 15.6(1.34)| 14.8(0.66)| 24.1(2.09)| 19.6(2.08)|19.4(3.87)
Nonrelative care .....| 14.8 (0.56)| 14.8(0.76)| 14.7(0.79)| 14.9(1.81)| 17.3(0.76)| 7.9(1.20)| 9.4(1.27)|12.1(2.45)
Center based | | | | | | | |
programs\2\ .......| 52.8 (0.89)| 42.3(1.44)| 60.4(1.04)| 63.9(2.12)| 54.0(0.95)| 58.3(2.49)| 38.8(2.20)|52.9(3.45)
| | | | | | | |
Percent with parental | | | | | | | |
care only ...........| 31.0 (0.80)| 37.8(1.19)| 26.0(1.05)| 24.3(2.10)| 30.6(0.87)| 24.8(2.02)| 40.7(2.35)|32.8(4.03)
|============|===========|===========|===========|===========|============|============|==========
1995 Children\1\ | | | | | | | |
In thousands ........|9,222 (52.9)|4,123 (8.3)|4,061(12.5)|1,038(48.3)|6,334(94.0)| 1,389(56.1)| 1,042(38.8)| 457(39.1)
Percent .............|100.0 (†) | 44.7(0.25)| 44.0(0.24)| 11.3(0.46)| 68.7(0.94)| 15.1(0.60)| 11.3(0.42)| 5.0(0.42)
|____________|___________|___________|___________|___________|____________|____________|__________
Percent in nonparental | | | | | | | |
arrangements | | | | | | | |
Relative care ........| 19.4 (0.64)| 21.4(1.23)| 18.4(0.95)| 15.2(2.14)| 16.5(0.84)| 28.7(2.78)| 22.8(2.01)|22.6(3.75)
Nonrelative care .....| 16.9 (0.84)| 18.5(1.35)| 15.3(1.03)| 17.2(2.19)| 19.4(1.04)| 11.3(1.65)| 12.5(1.64)|10.5(2.74)
Center based | | | | | | | |
programs\2\ .......| 55.1 (0.97)| 40.7(1.55)| 64.8(1.45)| 74.5(2.35)| 56.9(1.44)| 59.8(3.19)| 37.4(2.15)|56.7(5.47)
| | | | | | | |
Percent with parental | | | | | | | |
care only ...........| 25.9 (1.01)| 32.0(1.95)| 22.1(1.24)| 16.2(1.78)| 25.2(1.39)| 19.9(2.50)| 38.4(2.33)|24.2(3.59)
|============|===========|===========|===========|===========|============|============|==========
1999 Children\1\ | | | | | | | |
In thousands ........|8,518(139.7)|3,809(79.1)|3,703(79.9)|1,006(54.2)|5,384(77.4)| 1,214(59.2)| 1,376(52.3)| 545(38.3)
Percent .............|100.0 (†) | 44.7(0.93)| 43.5(0.93)| 11.8(0.64)| 63.2(0.91)| 14.2(0.69)| 16.2(0.61)| 6.4(0.45)
|____________|___________|___________|___________|___________|____________|____________|__________
Percent in nonparental | | | | | | | |
arrangements | | | | | | | |
Relative care ........| 22.8 (0.77)| 24.3(1.28)| 22.0(1.14)| 20.2(2.06)| 18.7(0.90)| 33.4(2.58)| 26.5(1.86)|30.0(3.97)
Nonrelative care .....| 16.1 (0.67)| 16.3(1.02)| 15.9(1.07)| 16.1(2.08)| 19.4(0.88)| 7.4(1.37)| 12.7(1.29)|10.4(1.98)
Center based | | | | | | | |
programs\2\ .......| 59.7 (0.63)| 45.7(1.28)| 69.6(1.19)| 76.5(2.40)| 60.0(0.81)| 73.2(2.40)| 44.2(2.19)|66.0(4.10)
| | | | | | | |
Percent with parental | | | | | | | |
care only ...........| 23.1 (0.72)| 30.8(1.42)| 17.7(0.99)| 13.5(1.78)| 23.2(0.91)| 13.7(1.97)| 33.4(2.04)|16.6(3.50)
|============|===========|===========|===========|===========|============|============|==========
2001 Children\1\ | | | | | | | |
In thousands ........|8,551 (11.0)|3,795 91.4 |3,861(89.0)| 896(47.0)|5,313(68.0)| 1,251(55.1)| 1,506(43.5)| 482(38.3)
Percent .............|100.0 (†) | 44.4(1.06)| 45.1(1.04)| 10.5(0.55)| 62.1(0.79)| 14.6(0.64)| 17.6(0.51)| 5.6(0.45)
|____________|___________|___________|___________|___________|____________|____________|__________
Percent in nonparental | | | | | | | |
arrangements | | | | | | | |
Relative care ........| 22.8 (0.89)| 23.6(1.39)| 22.5(1.33)| 20.9(2.66)| 19.6(1.01)| 36.7(3.42)| 22.8(1.89)|22.8(3.54)
Nonrelative care .....| 14.0 (0.65)| 14.7(1.17)| 13.6(0.95)| 13.1(2.13)| 16.5(0.98)| 8.5(1.65)| 11.3(1.43)|10.8(2.72)
Center based | | | | | | | |
programs\2\ .......| 56.4 (0.55)| 42.8(1.21)| 65.9(1.25)| 73.0(2.69)| 59.1(0.89)| 63.1(2.93)| 39.9(1.86)|61.8(4.10)
| | | | | | | |
Percent with parental | | | | | | | |
care only ...........| 26.1 (0.67)| 33.8(1.29)| 20.4(1.11)| 18.0(2.49)| 25.3(0.99)| 15.1(2.22)| 39.0(2.03)|23.7(3.90)
________________________|____________|___________|___________|___________|___________|____________|____________|__________ |
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†Not applicable. \1\Estimates are based only on children 3 to 5 years old who have not entered kindergarten. \2\Center based programs include day care centers, nursery schools, prekindergartens, preschools, and Head Start programs. NOTE: Row percents for nonparental and parental care do not add to 100 percent because some children participated in more than one type of nonparental care arrangement. Details may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Preprimary Survey (ECE-NHES:1991), Parent Survey (Parent-NHES:1999), and Early Childhood Program, Participation Survey (ECPP-NHES:1995 and 2001) of The National Household Education Surveys Program, and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)
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