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Digest of Education Statistics
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Table 25. Percent of elementary and secondary school children whose parents were involved in school activities, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1999 and 2003

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                |        Percent of children in 1999 whose  |        Percent of children in 2003 whose  |    Distribution of children, by parental
                                |         parents\1\ report that they ...   |         parents\1\ report that they ...   |    reports of number of times spent hel-
                                |                                           |                                           |    ping with homework per week, 2003\2\
                                |___________________________________________|___________________________________________|_____________________________________
Child, parent, and school       |  Attended|  Attended|  Attended|    Volun-|  Attended|   Attened|  Attended|    Volun-|     Less |    1 or 2|    3 or 4|     5 or
characteristic                  |         a|   parent-|   a class|    teered|         a|   parent-|   a class|    teered|     than |     times|     times|     more
                                |   general|   teacher|     event|       at |   general|   teacher|     event|        at|     once |       per|       per|    times
                                |    school|conference|          |    school|    school|conference|          |    school|      per |      week|      week|      per
                                |   meeting|          |          |          |   meeting|          |          |          |     week |          |          |     week
________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|____
1                               |         2|         3|         4|         5|         6|         7|         8|         9|       14 |       15 |       16 |       17
________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|____
   Total .......................|78.3(0.49)|72.8(0.45)|65.4(0.44)|36.8(0.40)|87.7(0.37)|77.1(0.42)|69.9(0.42)|41.8(0.60)|25.9(0.43)|35.6(0.62)|26.5(0.53)|12.0(0.38)
                                |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|____
Sex of child                    |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
  Male .........................|78.0(0.62)|74.0(0.60)|63.4(0.62)|36.7(0.65)|87.4(0.49)|77.7(0.63)|67.4(0.75)|41.2(0.87)|25.8(0.61)|34.6(0.76)|27.0(0.73)|12.6(0.51)
  Female .......................|78.6(0.69)|71.5(0.56)|67.4(0.59)|37.0(0.61)|87.9(0.55)|76.5(0.63)|72.6(0.63)|42.4(0.83)|26.0(0.72)|36.7(0.87)|26.1(0.69)|11.3(0.59)
                                |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
Race/ethnicity of child         |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
  White, non-Hispanic ..........|80.5(0.54)|73.6(0.48)|71.6(0.53)|42.7(0.51)|88.7(0.51)|76.4(0.62)|74.1(0.65)|48.4(0.82)|30.7(0.65)|35.7(0.76)|24.2(0.62)|9.4 (0.41)
  Black, non-Hispanic ..........|74.5(1.12)|71.1(1.23)|53.8(1.29)|26.2(1.21)|88.7(0.85)|78.7(1.35)|63.3(1.54)|32.0(1.65)|17.0(1.18)|34.9(1.54)|30.7(1.56)|17.5(1.21)
  Hispanic .....................|73.1(1.18)|71.0(1.05)|51.5(1.02)|24.5(0.90)|82.6(1.05)|78.1(1.10)|60.9(1.36)|27.7(1.23)|16.9(0.95)|38.1(1.34)|29.2(1.20)|15.8(0.96)
  Other non-Hispanic ...........|76.7(2.00)|73.2(1.94)|62.4(2.01)|30.7(1.94)|87.5(1.63)|77.6(2.25)|68.5(2.32)|37.2(2.16)|23.5(2.11)|30.1(2.11)|32.3(2.76)|14.1(1.64)
                                |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
Highest education level         |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
   of parents                   |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
  Less than high school ........|57.4(1.77)|60.0(1.78)|37.8(1.68)|12.9(1.05)|69.8(2.04)|67.8(2.50)|42.4(2.42)|15.6(2.04)|18.6(2.07)|44.8(3.00)|23.2(2.10)|13.4(1.82)
  High school/GED ..............|72.7(1.00)|69.7(0.87)|58.7(0.93)|26.0(0.88)|83.8(0.91)|75.4(0.93)|62.1(1.28)|30.3(1.27)|23.1(0.90)|35.8(1.03)|28.4(1.03)|12.7(0.79)
  Vocational/technical or some  |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
     college ...................|78.0(1.04)|72.8(0.97)|66.0(1.05)|35.7(1.07)|88.5(0.67)|78.0(1.02)|69.1(0.93)|38.8(1.26)|24.6(1.19)|35.6(1.35)|27.6(1.13)|12.3(0.78)
  Associate's degree ...........|81.7(1.14)|75.8(1.39)|68.7(1.57)|41.5(1.53)|88.6(1.27)|76.6(1.68)|73.0(1.76)|39.7(1.67)|26.8(1.45)|35.7(1.81)|26.2(1.71)|11.3(1.18)
  Bachelor's degree ............|87.0(0.73)|79.6(0.84)|75.8(0.93)|49.6(1.10)|92.0(0.75)|79.8(0.89)|80.1(0.95)|53.9(1.29)|28.7(1.13)|34.2(1.18)|26.1(1.04)|10.9(0.77)
  Graduate/professional degree .|89.4(0.70)|76.2(1.09)|79.2(0.98)|55.1(1.21)|94.6(0.74)|79.4(0.99)|80.8(1.09)|61.8(1.57)|30.7(1.27)|33.4(1.27)|24.2(1.21)|11.8(1.06)
                                |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
Family income                   |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
  Less than $5,000 .............|67.0(2.83)|66.7(3.14)|47.4(2.87)|17.6(2.09)|77.7(2.84)|72.4(4.15)|55.6(3.91)|27.3(4.09)|17.6(3.43)|39.4(4.27)|27.3(3.36)|15.7(2.81)
  $5,001 to $10,000 ............|66.8(2.13)|67.6(2.25)|50.7(2.23)|23.3(1.91)|79.3(3.26)|75.7(3.28)|59.9(3.60)|30.4(3.35)|20.3(3.10)|34.7(3.28)|31.5(2.65)|13.5(1.93)
  $10,001 to 15,000 ............|67.1(1.64)|70.0(1.62)|49.9(2.15)|20.4(1.40)|80.0(2.41)|75.6(2.35)|53.4(2.99)|22.5(2.44)|17.4(2.32)|38.0(2.79)|28.6(2.36)|16.0(2.12)
  $15,001 to 20,000 ............|71.1(1.76)|70.4(1.52)|55.1(1.89)|25.3(1.70)|81.1(2.60)|74.2(2.23)|57.5(2.28)|25.6(2.84)|20.3(1.80)|39.5(2.84)|23.9(2.04)|16.2(2.16)
  $20,001 to 25,000 ............|70.6(1.90)|67.0(1.62)|53.4(1.76)|26.2(1.63)|83.5(1.64)|79.1(1.89)|62.4(1.99)|27.0(2.39)|18.4(1.90)|34.8(2.41)|32.9(2.44)|13.9(1.36)
  $25,001 to 30,000 ............|74.3(1.35)|71.6(1.31)|59.1(1.71)|30.9(1.69)|85.7(1.46)|75.9(2.41)|64.2(2.23)|33.8(2.86)|19.9(1.88)|39.8(2.99)|26.9(2.48)|13.3(1.50)
  $30,001 to 35,000 ............|79.0(1.60)|73.8(1.72)|67.6(1.69)|37.9(1.84)|84.5(1.59)|76.3(1.94)|64.7(2.32)|33.5(2.51)|21.3(2.01)|37.3(2.21)|29.4(2.18)|12.0(1.56)
  $35,001 to 40,000 ............|79.4(1.38)|73.7(1.38)|68.4(1.64)|36.1(1.84)|83.4(2.50)|74.7(2.10)|70.9(2.41)|37.3(3.50)|23.7(2.26)|34.1(2.35)|28.4(2.39)|13.8(1.74)
  $40,001 to 50,000 ............|81.6(1.07)|75.1(1.13)|72.8(1.25)|40.1(1.26)|87.5(1.18)|79.3(1.42)|68.5(2.11)|40.0(1.89)|25.8(1.72)|32.9(1.84)|29.3(1.84)|11.9(1.19)
  $50,001 to 75,000 ............|84.6(0.78)|74.8(0.91)|72.6(0.90)|43.8(1.05)|89.9(0.79)|76.9(0.96)|74.5(1.04)|46.0(1.27)|28.6(1.10)|36.1(1.15)|24.8(1.08)|10.5(0.68)
  Over $75,000 .................|88.5(0.68)|77.3(0.74)|79.3(0.80)|54.9(1.02)|93.9(0.57)|78.6(0.89)|79.3(0.73)|56.8(1.01)|32.2(0.98)|33.9(0.95)|24.0(0.86)|9.9 (0.60)
                                |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
Child attending public          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
   schools .....................|76.8(0.54)|71.4(0.50)|63.5(0.48)|33.8(0.41)|86.7(0.40)|75.9(0.45)|68.0(0.47)|38.5(0.64)|26.0(0.47)|35.9(0.65)|26.4(0.53)|11.7(0.39)
  Elementary (kindergarten      |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
     to grade 8) ...............|81.7(0.57)|80.9(0.45)|66.9(0.55)|38.1(0.48)|90.9(0.40)|85.1(0.42)|71.7(0.57)|42.8(0.74)|16.8(0.56)|35.3(0.76)|32.9(0.68)|15.0(0.52)
  Secondary (grades 9 to 12) ...|65.8(0.99)|50.1(1.10)|55.9(0.97)|24.0(0.77)|76.9(1.06)|54.8(1.02)|59.4(1.06)|28.5(0.98)|50.6(1.02)|37.6(1.04)|9.0 (0.57)|2.7 (0.39)
                                |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
Child attending private         |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
   schools .....................|91.4(0.80)|85.0(0.95)|81.7(1.09)|63.8(1.35)|95.7(0.61)|86.6(1.03)|85.6(1.23)|68.7(1.57)|24.7(1.62)|33.1(1.60)|27.7(1.86)|14.5(1.10)
  Elementary (kindergarten      |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |          |
     to grade 8) ...............|93.0(0.73)|90.2(0.81)|84.2(1.11)|68.8(1.37)|96.6(0.69)|91.6(0.92)|88.4(1.22)|73.4(1.90)|17.8(1.68)|30.4(1.69)|33.6(2.24)|18.3(1.47)
  Secondary (grades 9 to 12) ...|85.9(2.09)|66.9(2.74)|73.0(2.62)|46.3(3.23)|93.0(1.56)|72.2(2.54)|77.6(2.93)|55.2(2.78)|46.9(3.49)|41.8(3.75)|8.9 (1.93)|2.4 (0.91)
________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|____

\1\The respondent was the parent most knowledgeable about the child's education. The responding parent reported on their own and their spouse's, or other household adult's, activities.
\2\Excludes children who do not have homework and children who never do homework.

NOTE: Includes children enrolled in kindergarten through grade 12. Excludes home-schooled children. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, The Parent Survey (Parent:1999) and The Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey (PFI:2003) of the National Household Education Surveys Program, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared June 2005.)