States requiring testing for initial certification of teachers, by authorization, year enacted, year effective, and test used: 1990 and 1999

Table 156.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                      |     Assessment for certification, 1990            |     Assessment for certification, 1999
                      |___________________________________________________|_______________________________________________________
                      |   Basic    |  Subject   | Knowledge  | Assessment |  Basic  | Subject  | General  | Knowledge |Assessment
        State         |   skills   |   matter   |of teaching |of teaching | skills  |  matter  |knowledge |of teaching|of teaching
                      |    exam    |    exam    |    exam    |performance |  exam   |   exam   |   exam   |   exam    |performance
______________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|_________|__________|__________|___________|___________
          1           |     2      |     3      |     4      |     5      |    6    |    7     |    8     |     9     |    10
______________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|_________|__________|__________|___________|___________
Alabama ..............|            |            |            |            |   (\1\) |    (\2\) |          |     (\2\) |     X
Alaska ...............|            |            |            |            |    X    |          |          |           |
Arizona ..............|     X      |            |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |     X
Arkansas .............|            |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |
California ...........|     X      |     X      |            |            |   (\3\) |    X     |          |           |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Colorado .............|     X      |            |            |     X      |    X    |    X     |    X     |     X     |
Connecticut ..........|     X      |     X      |            |     X      |    X    |    X     |          |           |
Delaware .............|     X      |            |            |            |    X    |          |          |           |
District of Columbia .|     X      |     X      |            |            |    X    |    X     |          |           |     X
Florida ..............|            |     X      |     X      |     X      |    X    |    X     |    X     |     X     |     X
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Georgia ..............|            |     X      |            |     X      |    X    |    X     |          |           |
Hawaii................|     X      |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |     X
Idaho.................|            |     X      |     X      |            |         |          |          |           |
Illinois .............|            |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |          |           |
Indiana...............|     X      |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |    X     |     X     |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Iowa .................|     X      |     X      |     X      |     X      |         |          |          |           |
Kansas ...............|     X      |            |     X      |            |    X    |          |          |     X     |
Kentucky\4\ ..........|            |            |            |     X      |   (\1\) |          |          |           |     X
Louisiana ............|     X      |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |    X     |     X     |     X
Maine ................|     X      |     X      |     X      |     X      |         |          |    X     |     X     |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Maryland .............|     X      |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |     X
Massachusetts\5\ .....|            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Michigan..............|            |            |            |            |    X    |    X     |    (\6\) |           |
Minnesota ............|     X      |            |            |            |    X    |          |          |           |
Mississippi ..........|            |     X      |     X      |     X      |    X    |    X     |    X     |     X     |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Missouri..............|            |     X      |            |            |   (\1\) |    X     |          |           |
Montana...............|     X      |            |     X      |            |    X    |          |          |           |
Nebraska .............|     X      |            |            |            |    X    |          |          |           |
Nevada................|     X      |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |
New Hampshire ........|     X      |            |            |            |    X    |    X     |          |           |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
New Jersey ...........|            |     X      |            |            |         |    X     |    (\7\) |           |     X
New Mexico ...........|     X      |            |     X      |     X      |    X    |          |    X     |     X     |
New York .............|     X      |            |     X      |            |         |          |    X     |     X     |
North Carolina .......|            |            |            |     X      |   (\1\) |    X     |          |     X     |
North Dakota .........|            |            |            |            |   (\1\) |          |    X     |     X     |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Ohio\8\ ..............|            |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |
Oklahoma .............|            |            |            |     X      |    X    |    X     |    X     |     X     |     X
Oregon................|     X      |     X      |     X      |     X      |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |     (\9\)
Pennsylvania..........|     X      |     X      |     X      |            |    X    |    X     |    X     |     X     |
Rhode Island..........|     X      |            |     X      |     X      |    X    |          |    X     |     X     |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
South Carolina .......|            |            |     X      |     X      |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |     X
South Dakota .........|            |            |            |            |    X    |    X     |          |           |     X
Tennessee ............|            |            |            |     X      |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |
Texas\10\ ............|            |     X      |     X      |            |         |    X     |          |     X     |
Utah .................|            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
                      |            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Vermont ..............|            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
Virginia .............|     X      |     X      |     X      |     X      |    X    |    X     |          |           |
Washington ...........|            |            |            |     X      |   (\1\) |          |          |           |
West Virginia\11\ ....|     X      |     X      |            |     X      |    X    |    X     |          |     X     |     X
Wisconsin             |     X      |            |            |            |    X    |          |          |           |
Wyoming ..............|            |            |            |            |         |          |          |           |
______________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|_________|__________|__________|___________|___________

\1\For admission to teacher education program.
\2\Institution's exit exam.
\3\Subject matter exam or completion of an approved subject matter program.
\4\Fingerprint check is required for employment.
\5\In 1990, test required for foreign language, bilingual, and English as a Second Language. In 1999, two-part exam covers communication and literacy skills and the subject matter knowledge for the certificate.
\6\Elementary certificate exam (subject-area exam).
\7\For elementary education.
\8\Test requirements in 1990 set by school districts.
\9\For Oregon graduates.
\10\Screening for admission to a teacher preparation program includes college level skills in reading, oral and written communication, critical thinking, and mathematics.
\11\Required for individuals entering West Virginia-approved education programs as of fall 1985.

SOURCE: Council of Chief State School Officers, "State Education Indicators, 1990;" and National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification, "The NASDTEC Manual 2000: Manual on Certification & Preparation of Educational Personnel in the United States & Canada." (This table was prepared June 2000.)

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