Crime & Safety Surveys (CSS)
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Table 10.  Percentage of students ages 12–18 reporting availability of alcohol, marijuana, opioids, other prescription drugs, and other illegal drugs during school, by selected student and school characteristics: School year 2021–22
Student and school characteristics Alcohol   Marijuana   Opioids1   Other prescription drugs2   Other illegal drugs3  
Total 13.5   26.6   9.7   12.3   8.5  
Sex                    
Male 12.4   24.0   8.2   10.9   6.9  
Female 14.7   29.5   11.3   13.8   10.2  
Race/ethnicity4                    
American Indian or Alaska Native ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡  
Asian 9.7   19.1   8.8   7.8   6.5  
Black 15.2   29.3   12.4   15.0   9.8  
Hispanic or Latino 11.8   25.1   7.5   9.4   6.9  
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡  
White 13.8   27.1   9.9   13.4   8.7  
Two or more races 16.3   29.6   12.8   15.3   10.7  
Grade5                    
6th 6.9   9.6   4.3   6.6   5.5  
7th 7.6   15.5   5.7   6.6   6.3  
8th 9.2   18.2   6.2   7.5   4.7  
9th 16.5   30.6   10.8   13.7   9.6  
10th 19.2   35.4   13.6   16.2   12.0  
11th 18.5   35.3   12.0   17.1   10.2  
12th 13.3   34.9   13.3   16.5   9.7  
Household income6                    
Less than $25,000 12.6   31.2   12.2   13.1   9.4  
$25,000–49,999 14.9   29.5   10.9   13.9   9.1  
$50,000–99,999 13.4   23.5   8.4   11.4   8.0  
$100,000–149,999 13.3   26.5   10.0   11.8   8.7  
$150,000 or more 12.8   26.3   9.0   12.2   7.8  
Self-report of grades at school7                    
Mostly A's 12.5   24.7   9.5   12.1   8.0  
Mostly B's 12.9   26.9   8.3   11.2   8.4  
Mostly C's 18.7   34.2   12.0   15.1   10.4  
Mostly D's 23.1   36.6   9.8 ! 17.1 ! 12.1 !
Mostly F's ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡   ‡  
Student behaviors                    
Skipped class in the last 4 weeks                    
Yes 25.9   48.8   19.8   27.1   14.6  
No 12.4   24.8   8.8   11.1   7.9  
Been in a physical fight at school                    
Yes 28.9   45.6   18.5   27.8   12.8  
No 13.0   26.0   9.4   11.8   8.3  
Brought a weapon to school                    
Yes 27.2   48.6   28.9   34.5   20.8  
No 13.1   26.1   9.2   11.8   8.2  
School conditions                    
Gangs at school                    
Yes 34.9   67.2   31.1   38.4   30.0  
No 11.0   21.1   6.7   8.6   5.5  
Seen other student with gun at school                    
Yes 48.3   69.3   35.7   45.4   26.7  
No 12.5   24.6   8.8   11.2   7.6  
Student report of violent victimization at school8                    
Yes 32.7 ! 37.4   22.3 ! 21.7 ! ‡  
No 13.3   26.5   9.6   12.2   8.5  
Student report of theft victimization at school9                    
Yes 32.7   45.2   21.2 ! 26.3   19.4 !
No 13.3   26.5   9.6   12.2   8.4  
Locale                    
City 14.5   30.9   11.6   13.9   11.0  
Suburban 12.4   25.7   9.1   11.8   8.0  
Town 14.0   26.9   9.1   12.4   7.4  
Rural 16.8   27.4   10.6   13.2   8.4  
Sector                    
Public 14.7   28.7   10.4   12.9   9.0  
Private10 5.8 ! 13.0   6.7   9.8   6.6  
Catholic 3.7 ! 10.5   ‡   8.0 ! 4.7 !
Other religious ‡   13.8 ! ‡   ‡   ‡  
Nonsectarian 4.9 ! 15.1   9.6 ! 12.8   5.8 !
! Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is 30–50 percent of the estimate's value.
‡ Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater.
1 When asked whether it was possible for students to get opioids, the following examples of opioids were listed for respondents: "heroin or prescription painkillers obtained without a prescription, such as codeine, Percocet, or fentanyl."
2 When asked whether it was possible for students to get prescription drugs, the following examples of prescription drugs were listed for respondents: "drugs illegally obtained without a prescription, such as Xanax, Ritalin, or Adderall."
3 When asked whether it was possible for students to get illegal drugs, the following examples of illegal drugs were listed for respondents: "cocaine, uppers, or crystal meth."
4 Students of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity are included in the "Hispanic or Latino" category regardless of race and are not included in the race categories. “Black” includes African American.
5 The School Crime Supplement sample includes students ages 12–18 and, therefore, might not be representative of students in 6th grade, who are commonly 11–12 years old. Comparisons between students in 6th grade and those in other grades should be made with caution.
6 Income categories presented here approximate the income categories reported by Census. The median household income in 2021 was $70,784 (Current Population Survey, 2021 and 2022 Annual Social and Economic Supplement [CPS ASEC], https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/2022/comm/median-household-income.html)
7 Rates for students who responded that their schools did not give grades or there was no alphabetical equivalent are not reported.
8 “Violent victimization” includes rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated and simple assault.
9 “Theft victimization” includes attempted and completed purse snatching, completed pickpocketing, and all attempted and completed thefts excluding motor vehicle theft. Theft does not include robbery, in which the threat or use of force is involved.
10 Total for private schools includes Catholic schools, other religious schools, nonsectarian schools, and schools with no religious affiliation data reported.
NOTE: Data include only students who reported being enrolled in grades 6–12 and not receiving any of their education through homeschooling during the school year. “During school” includes interactions in the school building; on school property; on the school bus; going to and from school; and using the phone, internet, or social media during the 2021–22 school year. Data on school characteristics were not available for 9.0 percent of all students who did not match to a school in the CCD or the Private School Universe Survey (PSS) data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2022.

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