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†Not applicable.
‡ Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater.
1 Excludes students with missing information about the school characteristic. In 2021–22, about 9 percent of sampled students were missing school locale data, and 8 percent were missing control of school data.
NOTE: To estimate the margin of error, the standard error is scaled based on the desired level of confidence in the estimate. Throughout the Condition of Education, margins of error are produced based on a 95 percent level of confidence. Margin of error is calculated as 1.96*standard error. Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year as well as students who only attended virtual public or private schools. Students were asked about things that happen “during school,” which included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media. “Bullied” included students who reported being made fun of, called names, or insulted; being the subject of rumors; being threatened with harm; being made to do things they did not want to do; being excluded from activities on purpose; having their property destroyed on purpose; being pushed, shoved, tripped, or spit on; and having private information, photos, or videos shared on purpose in a harmful way. Students who reported more than one type of bullying were counted only once. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Figures are plotted based on unrounded data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2022. See Digest of Education Statistics 2023, table 230.40.
NOTE: To estimate the margin of error, the standard error is scaled based on the desired level of confidence in the estimate. Throughout the Condition of Education, margins of error are produced based on a 95 percent level of confidence. Margin of error is calculated as 1.96*standard error. Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year. In 2022, also excludes students who only attended virtual public or private schools. In 2018–19 and earlier years, students were asked to report their experiences “at school,” which included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, and going to and from school. In 2021–22, students were asked about things that happen “during school,” which included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media. In 2018–19 and earlier years, “bullied” included students who reported being made fun of, called names, or insulted; being the subject of rumors; being threatened with harm; being made to do things they did not want to do; being excluded from activities on purpose; having their property destroyed on purpose; and being pushed, shoved, tripped, or spit on. In 2021–22, the definition was expanded to include having private information, photos, or videos shared on purpose in a harmful way. Due to these changes, caution should be used when comparing 2021–22 estimates to those from earlier years. Students who reported more than one type of bullying were counted only once. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. American Indian/Alaska Native and Pacific Islander students are included in the totals but omitted from this figure, because data for these two groups did not meet reporting standards for all or some of the years. Figures are plotted based on unrounded data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2011 through 2022. See Digest of Education Statistics 2023, table 230.40.
NOTE: To estimate the margin of error, the standard error is scaled based on the desired level of confidence in the estimate. Throughout the Condition of Education, margins of error are produced based on a 95 percent level of confidence. Margin of error is calculated as 1.96*standard error. Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year as well as students who only attended virtual public or private schools. “During school” included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media. Students who reported experiencing more than one type of bullying during school were counted only once in the total for students bullied during school. Figures are plotted based on unrounded data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2022. See Digest of Education Statistics 2023, table 230.45.
1 Students were asked whether they thought bullying was related to any condition they may have, such as a physical, mental, or developmental condition.
NOTE: Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year as well as students who only attended virtual public or private schools. “During school” included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media. Students could have selected more than one perceived relation. Figures are plotted based on unrounded data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2022. See Student Reports of Bullying: Results from the 2022 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey, table 2.9.
†Not applicable.
! Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent.
‡ Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater.
1 Excludes students with missing information about the school characteristic. In 2021–22, among sampled students who reported being bullied during school, 7 percent each were missing school locale and control of school data.
NOTE: To estimate the margin of error, the standard error is scaled based on the desired level of confidence in the estimate. Throughout the Condition of Education, margins of error are produced based on a 95 percent level of confidence. Margin of error is calculated as 1.96*standard error. Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year as well as students who only attended virtual public or private schools. “During school” included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media. Excludes students who indicated that they were bullied but did not answer the question about where the bullying occurred. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Figures are plotted based on unrounded data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2022. See Digest of Education Statistics 2023, table 230.50.
NOTE: To estimate the margin of error, the standard error is scaled based on the desired level of confidence in the estimate. Throughout the Condition of Education, margins of error are produced based on a 95 percent level of confidence. Margin of error is calculated as 1.96*standard error. Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year as well as students who only attended virtual public or private schools. “During school” included in the school building, on school property, on the school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media. Figures are plotted based on unrounded data. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding in the data labels.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2022. See Digest of Education Statistics 2023, table 230.60.
NOTE: Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year as well as students who only attended virtual public or private schools. “During school” included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media. This figure includes students who reported being affected “somewhat” or “a lot.” Students could report that the bullying had a negative effect on more than one aspect of their life. Figures are plotted based on unrounded data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2022. See Student Reports of Bullying: Results from the 2022 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey, table 2.7.
1 In 2018–19 and earlier years, students were identified as having been bullied if they reported that another student had made fun of them, called them names, or insulted them; spread rumors about them; threatened them with harm; tried to make them do something they did not want to do; excluded them from activities on purpose; destroyed their property on purpose; or pushed, shoved, tripped, or spit on them. In 2021–22, the definition of being bullied was expanded to include having private information, photos, or videos shared on purpose in a harmful way. In the total for students bullied during school, students who reported more than one type of bullying were counted only once.
2 Readers should take note that different surveys and federal agencies may have different definitions of “bullying.” For instance, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines “bullying” as “any unwanted aggressive behavior(s) by another youth or group of youths, who are not siblings or current dating partners, that involves an observed or perceived power imbalance, and is repeated multiple times or is highly likely to be repeated” (see https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/youthviolence/bullyingresearch/fastfact.html for details). However, the School Crime Supplement Survey (SCS), which is featured in this indicator and co-designed by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), has a broader definition for bullying that does not exclude bullying from siblings or romantic partners, bullying without a power imbalance, or bullying without repetition. For bullying data broken out by these additional dimensions, see Student Reports of Bullying: Results from the 2022 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey.
3 Includes only students who reported being enrolled in grades 6 through 12. Excludes students who received any homeschooling education during the school year. In 2021–22, also excludes students who only attended virtual public or private schools.
4 In 2018–19 and earlier years, students were asked to report their experiences “at school,” which included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, and going to and from school. In 2021–22, students were asked about things that happen “during school,” which included in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, going to and from school, and using the phone, internet, or social media.
5 For general technical notes related to data analysis, data interpretation, rounding, and other considerations, please refer to the Reader’s Guide.
6 The 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) also collected data on students in grades 9–12 who reported being bullied on school property. For state-level data on the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported being bullied on school property during the 12 months preceding the survey, see this table in the YRBSS Youth Online Data Analysis Tool.
7 Analyses by school locale and control of school exclude students with missing information about the school characteristic. In 2021–22, about 9 percent of sampled students were missing school locale data, and 8 percent were missing data on school control.
8 In 2021–22, data for American Indian/Alaska Native and Pacific Islander students did not meet reporting standards.
9 Due to changes in the 2022 SCS survey (i.e., changes outlined in endnotes 1 and 4), caution should be used when comparing 2021–22 estimates with those from earlier years.
10 Data by school locale have only been available since 2014–15, so these subgroups are not reported.
11 Data by control of school (public or private) for 2012–13 and prior years were based on school information provided by the respondent. Beginning in 2014–15, data were based on school information collected in the Common Core of Data and the Private School Universe Survey, which was appended to the School Crime Supplement data file; therefore, these data may not be entirely comparable with figures for earlier years.
12 Students were asked whether they thought bullying was related to any condition they may have, such as a physical, mental, or developmental condition.
13 The survey specified “ethnic background or national origin—for example, people of Hispanic origin.” For more information, see https://nces.ed.gov/programs/crime/pdf/student/SCSQ2022.pdf.
14 Analyses by school control are not reported because estimates for private school generally did not meet reporting standards.
15 “Adult at school” refers to a teacher or other adult at school.
16 The survey included four response options: “not at all,” “not very much,” “somewhat,” and “a lot.” For more information, see https://nces.ed.gov/programs/crime/pdf/student/SCSQ2022.pdf.