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Number and percentage of children from birth through age 6 and not yet in kindergarten primarily enrolled in a Head Start or Early Head Start program, among children enrolled in a center-based primary care arrangement: 2001, 2005, 2012

Characteristic 2001 2005 2012
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total   620,400   11   733,900   11   982,200   16  
                           
Language spoken most at home by parents/guardians                          
Both/only parent(s)/guardian(s) speak(s) English   505,300   9   574,200   10   764,000   14  
One of two or no parent/guardian speaks English   115,100   26   159,700   23   218,300   31  
One of two parents/guardians speaks English   12,400 ! 13 ! 34,800 ! 26   34,900 ! 21 !
No parent/guardian speaks English   102,700   29   124,900   23   183,300   35  
                           
Both/only parent(s)/guardian(s) speak(s) English                          
White, non-Hispanic   174,800   5   195,400   5   239,200   8  
Black, non-Hispanic   247,400   24   263,300   23   299,800   31  
Hispanic   56,700   14   74,300   14   146,300   19  
Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic   #   #       18,100 ! 8 !
Other race, non-Hispanic1   26,500 ! 12 ! 38,500 ! 10 ! 60,600   17  
                           
One of two or no parent/guardian speaks English                          
White, non-Hispanic              
Black, non-Hispanic              
Hispanic   85,600   34   138,400   32   200,200   43  
Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic           6,200 ! 5 !
Other race, non-Hispanic1       #   #      
# Rounds to zero.
! Interpret data with caution. The standard error for this estimate is 30 to 50 percent of the estimate's value.
‡ Reporting standards not met. The standard error for this estimate is equal to 50 percent or more of the estimate's value<
1 "Other race, non-Hispanic" includes American Indian and Alaska Native children who are not Hispanic and children reported as a race/ethnicity not listed.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates are based on a total of 20,281,225 children in 2001, 20,690,936 children in 2005, and 21,674,720 children in 2012, all of whom were from birth through age 6 at the time of data collection and not yet in kindergarten. While National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) administrations prior to 2012 were administered via telephone with an interviewer, NHES:2012 used self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaires that were mailed to respondents. Measurable differences in estimates between 2012 and prior years could reflect actual changes in the population, or the changes could be due to the mode change from telephone to mail.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey of the 2001 National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2001), the 2005 National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2005), and the 2012 National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2012).