​​​​NAEP Technical Documentation2022 Eighth-Grade Public School National Assessment in Civics and U.S. History

			Target Population Sampling Frame Stratification of Schools School Sample Selection Substitute Schools Ineligible Schools Student Sample Selection School and Student Participation

The eighth-grade public school samples for the national assessments in civics and U.S. history were designed to produce nationally representative samples of students enrolled in grade eight in public schools in the United States. The target sample sizes of assessed students for the eighth-grade public school samples was 14,400 (7,200 per subject). Prior to sampling, the target sample sizes were adjusted upward to offset expected school and student attrition due to nonresponse and ineligibility.

Samples were selected using a two-stage probability-based design that involved selection of schools from within strata and selection of students within schools. The first-stage sample of schools was selected with probability proportional to a measure of size based on estimated grade-specific enrollment in the schools.

The sampling of students at the second-stage involved two steps: (1) sampling of students in the targeted grade (eighth) from each sampled school, and (2) assignment of assessment subject (civics or U.S. history) to the sampled students.

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