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The process of student list submission, sampling students from year-round schools, sampling new enrollees, and determining student eligibility and exclusion status was the same as for the state NAEP student sample.
The target student sample size within sampled schools was 60 students for both fourth and eighth grades.
Similar to the state NAEP student sample, schools were assigned to conduct either a paper-based assessment (PBA), a digitally-based assessment (DBA), or both, depending on the size of the school. Schools with fewer than 18 students in the sampled grade were generally assigned to a single-mode of assessment, where either all sampled students were assigned to PBA or all assigned to DBA. In order to aid recruitment efforts for private schools, the identification of schools assigned to a single mode of assessment was made immediately after the private school sample selection, based on the estimated grade enrollment on the sampling frame. In schools where the frame enrollment was less than 18, a single mode of assessment was used, regardless of whether the actual number of students submitted for sampling was 18 or larger. In all other schools, the determination of whether the school would conduct assessments using a single mode or both modes was made based on the number of students submitted on the student list.
In general, in a school using both modes of assessment, from the sample of 60 students or more, 50 students were assigned to DBA and the remaining were assigned to PBA. Similar to the adjustments made to the state NAEP student sample, the number of students assigned to DBA was forced to exactly 25 or exactly 50 to prevent situations where the designed rate of DBA assignment would result in slightly more or slightly fewer students than a full DBA session. In all other schools, 5/6 of the sampled students were assigned to DBA and the rest were assigned to PBA.
In all schools, sampled students were randomly assigned to mathematics and reading by spiraling.
The percentage of booklets by subject within the spiral for each grade is given below.
| Grade | DBA | PBA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Math | Reading | Math | Reading | |
| Grade 4 | 50.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
| Grade 8 | 50.63 | 49.37 | 50.98 | 49.02 |
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2017 National Assessment. | ||||