​​​​NAEP Technical DocumentationIndex Scoring for the 2019 Grade 4 Reading Indices

Recoding of polytomous items for scaling, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by index: 2019
Item Index Reason for decision Disposition
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
B034901 Persistence in learning To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B034902 Persistence in learning To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B034903 Persistence in learning To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B034904 Persistence in learning To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035001 Academic self-discipline To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035002 Academic self-discipline To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035003 Academic self-discipline To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035004 Academic self-discipline To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035101 Enjoyment of complex problems To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035102 Enjoyment of complex problems To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035103 Enjoyment of complex problems To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
B035104 Enjoyment of complex problems To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849601 Confidence in reading knowledge and skills To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849602 Confidence in reading knowledge and skills To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849603 Confidence in reading knowledge and skills To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849604 Confidence in reading knowledge and skills To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849605 Confidence in reading knowledge and skills To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849606 Confidence in reading knowledge and skills To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849801 Interest/enjoyment in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849802 Interest/enjoyment in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849803 Interest/enjoyment in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849804 Interest/enjoyment in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849704 Mastery goals in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849705 Mastery goals in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R849706 Mastery goals in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
R851304 Mastery goals in reading To improve model-data fit Collapse categories: 1,2,3,4,5 becomes 1,1,2,3,4
​

IRT parameters for items in the index of fourth-grade students' persistence in learning, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2019
Item b d d d
The number of d parameters is one less than the number of categories for the item. For items scaled with the partial credit model, parameters a and c are not estimated. The a parameter value is exactly one and the c parameter is exactly zero. For item j, b represents a location parameter related to item difficulty, and d represents the category threshold parameter for category i of item j; d may not sum to zero because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
B034901 -0.12 0.32 0.13 -0.45
B034902 -0.69 0.16 0.09 -0.25
B034903 -0.57 0.22 0.06 -0.27
B034904 -0.80 0.15 0.04 -0.19
​

IRT parameters for items in the index of fourth-grade students' enjoyment of complex problems, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2019
Item b d d d
The number of d parameters is one less than the number of categories for the item. For items scaled with the partial credit model, parameters a and c are not estimated. The a parameter value is exactly one and the c parameter is exactly zero. For item j, b represents a location parameter related to item difficulty, and d represents the category threshold parameter for category i of item j; d may not sum to zero because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
B035101 0.14 0.31 0.03 -0.33
B035102 -0.35 0.28 -0.01 -0.28
B035103 -0.11 0.35 0.03 -0.38
B035104 -0.30 0.23 0.04 -0.27
​

IRT parameters for items in the index of fourth-grade students' academic self-discipline, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2019
Item b d d d
The number of d parameters is one less than the number of categories for the item. For items scaled with the partial credit model, parameters a and c are not estimated. The a parameter value is exactly one and the c parameter is exactly zero. For item j, b represents a location parameter related to item difficulty, and d represents the category threshold parameter for category i of item j; d may not sum to zero because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
B035001 -0.35 0.20 -0.04 -0.17
B035002 -0.36 0.43 0.06 -0.49
B035003 -0.39 0.48 0.03 -0.51
B035004 -0.56 0.27 0.05 -0.32
​

IRT parameters for items in the index of fourth-grade students' confidence in reading knowledge and skills, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2019
Item b d d d
The number of d parameters is one less than the number of categories for the item. For items scaled with the partial credit model, parameters a and c are not estimated. The a parameter value is exactly one and the c parameter is exactly zero. For item j, b represents a location parameter related to item difficulty, and d represents the category threshold parameter for category i of item j; d may not sum to zero because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
R849601 -0.43 0.85 -0.08 -0.76
R849602 -0.55 0.74 0.03 -0.77
R849603 -0.66 0.71 -0.05 -0.66
R849604 -0.69 0.66 -0.05 -0.61
R849605 -0.53 0.73 -0.16 -0.57
R849606 -0.82 0.47 -0.21 -0.25
​

IRT parameters for items in the index of fourth-grade students' performance goals in reading, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2019
Item b d d d d
The number of d parameters is one less than the number of categories for the item. For items scaled with the partial credit model, parameters a and c are not estimated. The a parameter value is exactly one and the c parameter is exactly zero. For item j, b represents a location parameter related to item difficulty, and d represents the category threshold parameter for category i of item j; d may not sum to zero because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
R849701 -0.18 0.28 0.42 -0.19 -0.50
R849702 0.05 0.38 0.36 -0.21 -0.53
R849703 -0.04 0.23 0.31 -0.24 -0.30
R851204 -0.48 0.31 0.23 -0.23 -0.31
​

IRT parameters for items in the index of fourth-grade students' mastery goals in reading, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2019
Item b d d d
The number of d parameters is one less than the number of categories for the item. For items scaled with the partial credit model, parameters a and c are not estimated. The a parameter value is exactly one and the c parameter is exactly zero. For item j, b represents a location parameter related to item difficulty, and d represents the category threshold parameter for category i of item j; d may not sum to zero because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
R849704 -0.64 0.42 0.02 -0.44
R849705 -1.06 0.25 -0.03 -0.22
R849706 -0.85 0.45 -0.06 -0.39
R851304 -0.82 0.34 -0.03 -0.31
​

IRT parameters for items in the index of fourth-grade students' interest/enjoyment in reading, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment: 2019
Item b d d d
The number of d parameters is one less than the number of categories for the item. For items scaled with the partial credit model, parameters a and c are not estimated. The a parameter value is exactly one and the c parameter is exactly zero. For item j, b represents a location parameter related to item difficulty, and d represents the category threshold parameter for category i of item j; d may not sum to zero because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
R849801 -0.21 0.20 0.02 -0.22
R849802 0.19 0.25 0.05 -0.29
R849803 -0.68 0.27 -0.10 -0.18
R849804 -0.44 0.09 -0.02 -0.07
​
​
Response averages and transformed scores for the index of fourth-grade students' persistence in learning, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by classification: 2019
Response average Transformed score Percentage of students
Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
Low
1.00 6.4 2
1.25 7.1 2
1.50 7.6 2
1.75 8.0 4
Moderate
2.00 8.3 5
2.25 8.6 5
2.50 8.9 8
2.75 9.2 8
High
3.00 9.6 10
3.25 9.9 14
3.50 10.4 12
3.75 11.1 14
4.00 12.0 15
​

Response averages and transformed scores for the index of fourth-grade students' enjoyment of complex problems, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by classification: 2019
Response average Transformed score Percentage of students
Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
Low
1.00 6.8 6
1.25 7.6 5
1.50 8.1 5
1.75 8.6 8
Moderate
2.00 8.9 8
2.25 9.2 7
2.50 9.5 11
2.75 9.8 8
High
3.00 10.2 8
3.25 10.5 9
3.50 11.0 8
3.75 11.5 6
4.00 12.4 10
​

Response averages and transformed scores for the index of fourth-grade students' academic self-discipline, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by classification: 2019
Response average Transformed score Percentage of students
Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
Low
1.00 6.4 3
1.25 7.2 3
1.50 7.7 3
1.75 8.2 5
Moderate
2.00 8.5 6
2.25 8.9 6
2.50 9.2 9
2.75 9.5 8
High
3.00 9.9 10
3.25 10.2 11
3.50 10.7 11
3.75 11.4 11
4.00 12.4 15
​

Response averages and transformed scores for the index of fourth-grade students' confidence in reading knowledge and skills, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by classification: 2019
Response average Transformed score Percentage of students
Rounds to zero.
Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
Low
1.00 5.5 1
1.17 6.2
1.33 6.7 1
1.50 7.1 1
1.67 7.5 1
1.83 7.8 2
Moderate
2.00 8.0 5
2.17 8.3 4
2.33 8.6 4
2.50 8.8 6
2.67 9.1 6
2.83 9.3 7
High
3.00 9.6 9
3.17 9.9 8
3.33 10.2 9
3.50 10.6 10
3.67 11.1 9
3.83 11.7 6
4.00 12.6 11
​

Response averages and transformed scores for the index of fourth-grade students' performance goals in reading, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by classification: 2019
Response average Transformed score Percentage of students
Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
Low
1.00 6.7 5
1.25 7.5 3
1.50 8.0 4
1.75 8.4 4
2.00 8.7 7
2.25 9.0 5
2.50 9.2 6
2.75 9.4 6
Moderate
3.00 9.7 8
3.25 9.9 6
3.50 10.1 7
3.75 10.4 6
High
4.00 10.7 7
4.25 11.0 5
4.50 11.5 5
4.75 12.1 5
5.00 12.9 10
​

Response averages and transformed scores for the index of fourth-grade students' mastery goals in reading, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by classification: 2019
Response average Transformed score Percentage of students
Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
Low
1.00 5.8 3
1.25 6.5 2
1.50 7.1 2
1.75 7.5 4
Moderate
2.00 7.8 5
2.25 8.2 4
2.50 8.5 6
2.75 8.8 5
High
3.00 9.2 7
3.25 9.6 7
3.50 10.1 9
3.75 10.8 10
4.00 12.0 37
​

Response averages and transformed scores for the index of fourth-grade students' interest/enjoyment in reading, grade 4 reading combined national and state assessment, by classification: 2019
Response averageTransformed scorePercentage of students
Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2019 Reading Assessment.
Low
1.006.65
1.257.44
1.508.04
1.758.47
Moderate
2.008.87
2.259.16
2.509.49
2.759.77
High
3.0010.08
3.2510.411
3.5010.99
3.7511.59
4.0012.414
​
Last updated 31 March 2025 (SK)