Skip Navigation
Digest of Education Statistics
2013 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 501.10. Labor force participation, employment, and unemployment of persons 25 to 64 years old, by sex, race/ethnicity, age group, and educational attainment: 2010, 2011, and 2012
[Standard errors appear in parentheses]
Sex, race/ethnicity, age group, and educational attainment Labor force participation Employment Unemployment
Labor force participation rate1 Number of participants (in thousands) Employment to population ratio2 Number employed (in thousands) Unemployment rate3 Number unemployed (in thousands)
2010 2011 2012 2012 2010 2011 2012 2012 2010 2011 2012 2012
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
                                                 
All persons 25 to 64 years old, all
   education levels
77.9 (0.04) 77.5 (0.04) 77.5 (0.04) 127,929 (69.2) 70.7 (0.04) 70.8 (0.04) 71.5 (0.04) 117,957 (76.3) 9.2 (0.03) 8.6 (0.03) 7.8 (0.03) 9,971 (38.0)
Less than high school completion 61.3 (0.14) 61.0 (0.13) 60.7 (0.14) 12,029 (51.7) 51.1 (0.14) 51.4 (0.14) 52.1 (0.14) 10,337 (47.0) 16.6 (0.13) 15.7 (0.14) 14.1 (0.14) 1,692 (18.2)
High school completion4 74.1 (0.08) 73.6 (0.09) 73.2 (0.09) 32,141 (72.6) 65.4 (0.09) 65.5 (0.10) 65.9 (0.09) 28,912 (66.0) 11.7 (0.08) 10.9 (0.09) 10.0 (0.07) 3,229 (23.7)
Some college, no degree 78.9 (0.08) 78.3 (0.10) 78.0 (0.09) 28,252 (64.9) 71.0 (0.09) 70.7 (0.11) 71.2 (0.10) 25,800 (64.5) 10.0 (0.07) 9.7 (0.07) 8.7 (0.07) 2,452 (19.4)
Associate's degree 83.1 (0.13) 82.4 (0.12) 82.2 (0.13) 11,886 (41.5) 76.9 (0.14) 76.7 (0.15) 76.7 (0.15) 11,098 (41.9) 7.5 (0.08) 6.9 (0.09) 6.6 (0.09) 788 (10.1)
Bachelor's or higher degree 86.1 (0.06) 85.8 (0.06) 86.1 (0.06) 43,620 (100.3) 81.8 (0.07) 81.9 (0.07) 82.5 (0.07) 41,810 (98.9) 5.0 (0.04) 4.5 (0.04) 4.2 (0.04) 1,810 (16.4)
                                                 
Sex                                                
Male, all education levels 83.2 (0.04) 82.8 (0.05) 82.9 (0.05) 67,409 (45.2) 75.1 (0.06) 75.5 (0.06) 76.4 (0.05) 62,098 (47.0) 9.8 (0.05) 8.8 (0.05) 7.9 (0.04) 5,311 (25.3)
Less than high school completion 70.5 (0.16) 70.1 (0.16) 69.7 (0.19) 7,561 (36.6) 59.2 (0.17) 59.7 (0.19) 60.7 (0.20) 6,581 (34.3) 16.1 (0.16) 14.8 (0.17) 13.0 (0.14) 980 (11.1)
High school completion4 80.0 (0.11) 79.3 (0.11) 79.2 (0.11) 18,377 (45.9) 69.8 (0.12) 70.3 (0.13) 71.0 (0.12) 16,473 (42.4) 12.7 (0.10) 11.3 (0.11) 10.4 (0.10) 1,905 (19.1)
Some college, no degree 83.7 (0.10) 83.0 (0.13) 83.0 (0.10) 14,456 (38.6) 75.1 (0.15) 75.1 (0.15) 76.1 (0.13) 13,254 (38.5) 10.2 (0.11) 9.5 (0.11) 8.3 (0.09) 1,202 (13.8)
Associate's degree 87.2 (0.16) 86.9 (0.17) 86.6 (0.16) 5,343 (27.0) 80.3 (0.20) 80.8 (0.22) 81.0 (0.18) 4,994 (26.6) 8.0 (0.13) 7.0 (0.14) 6.5 (0.11) 349 (6.0)
Bachelor's or higher degree 91.4 (0.07) 91.1 (0.07) 91.5 (0.06) 21,672 (56.5) 86.8 (0.08) 87.1 (0.09) 87.8 (0.08) 20,797 (55.8) 5.0 (0.05) 4.4 (0.05) 4.0 (0.05) 875 (10.8)
                                                 
Female, all education levels 72.8 (0.06) 72.3 (0.06) 72.2 (0.06) 60,520 (56.1) 66.5 (0.06) 66.3 (0.06) 66.7 (0.07) 55,859 (60.0) 8.6 (0.05) 8.4 (0.05) 7.7 (0.04) 4,660 (27.2)
Less than high school completion 50.2 (0.18) 50.1 (0.21) 49.8 (0.23) 4,469 (29.5) 41.4 (0.19) 41.5 (0.22) 41.8 (0.23) 3,756 (27.1) 17.5 (0.21) 17.1 (0.29) 15.9 (0.26) 712 (12.6)
High school completion4 67.8 (0.11) 67.2 (0.14) 66.5 (0.14) 13,764 (45.2) 60.7 (0.12) 60.2 (0.15) 60.1 (0.15) 12,440 (43.4) 10.5 (0.10) 10.4 (0.11) 9.6 (0.10) 1,324 (14.5)
Some college, no degree 74.6 (0.11) 73.9 (0.12) 73.4 (0.14) 13,796 (53.7) 67.3 (0.11) 66.7 (0.13) 66.7 (0.15) 12,546 (51.1) 9.8 (0.09) 9.8 (0.09) 9.1 (0.10) 1,250 (14.9)
Associate's degree 80.1 (0.16) 79.1 (0.16) 78.9 (0.16) 6,543 (27.2) 74.4 (0.19) 73.6 (0.18) 73.6 (0.20) 6,105 (28.3) 7.2 (0.13) 6.9 (0.12) 6.7 (0.13) 439 (8.1)
Bachelor's or higher degree 81.4 (0.08) 81.0 (0.08) 81.3 (0.09) 21,948 (58.2) 77.4 (0.09) 77.3 (0.10) 77.8 (0.11) 21,013 (58.0) 4.9 (0.06) 4.7 (0.06) 4.3 (0.05) 935 (10.2)
                                                 
Race/ethnicity                                                
White, all education levels 78.9 (0.05) 78.5 (0.05) 78.5 (0.05) 83,498 (57.9) 72.7 (0.05) 72.8 (0.05) 73.4 (0.06) 78,090 (66.9) 7.9 (0.04) 7.3 (0.04) 6.5 (0.04) 5,408 (30.2)
Less than high school completion 55.3 (0.22) 55.2 (0.24) 54.3 (0.23) 3,750 (28.3) 45.1 (0.23) 45.5 (0.25) 45.7 (0.21) 3,158 (23.9) 18.3 (0.22) 17.6 (0.24) 15.8 (0.20) 592 (9.1)
High school completion4 74.6 (0.10) 73.9 (0.11) 73.5 (0.11) 20,763 (59.3) 66.7 (0.10) 66.7 (0.12) 67.1 (0.12) 18,962 (53.8) 10.6 (0.08) 9.6 (0.09) 8.7 (0.08) 1,801 (17.8)
Some college, no degree 78.7 (0.09) 78.1 (0.12) 78.0 (0.10) 18,565 (50.6) 71.7 (0.11) 71.5 (0.13) 72.3 (0.13) 17,207 (52.9) 8.9 (0.08) 8.5 (0.08) 7.3 (0.09) 1,358 (16.3)
Associate's degree 83.5 (0.15) 82.7 (0.13) 82.5 (0.16) 8,427 (37.6) 78.0 (0.17) 77.8 (0.16) 77.8 (0.19) 7,941 (38.0) 6.6 (0.10) 6.0 (0.10) 5.8 (0.12) 486 (9.7)
Bachelor's or higher degree 86.2 (0.06) 85.8 (0.07) 86.1 (0.07) 31,993 (73.9) 82.3 (0.06) 82.4 (0.07) 83.0 (0.08) 30,822 (72.3) 4.5 (0.04) 4.0 (0.04) 3.7 (0.04) 1,171 (13.9)
                                                 
Black, all education levels 73.5 (0.12) 73.1 (0.14) 72.9 (0.13) 14,604 (32.1) 62.6 (0.12) 62.5 (0.14) 62.9 (0.15) 12,617 (33.5) 14.8 (0.12) 14.4 (0.13) 13.6 (0.11) 1,986 (16.9)
Less than high school completion 48.7 (0.39) 48.1 (0.44) 47.3 (0.43) 1,286 (17.5) 35.2 (0.36) 35.2 (0.37) 34.9 (0.39) 949 (14.0) 27.7 (0.47) 26.7 (0.43) 26.2 (0.48) 336 (7.9)
High school completion4 69.6 (0.25) 69.0 (0.26) 68.3 (0.26) 4,305 (28.3) 57.2 (0.23) 57.1 (0.28) 57.1 (0.24) 3,598 (23.9) 17.8 (0.25) 17.2 (0.28) 16.4 (0.22) 707 (11.1)
Some college, no degree 78.2 (0.25) 77.1 (0.24) 76.8 (0.24) 4,148 (30.1) 66.9 (0.28) 65.8 (0.27) 66.2 (0.30) 3,578 (29.8) 14.5 (0.23) 14.6 (0.22) 13.7 (0.26) 569 (10.6)
Associate's degree 82.1 (0.36) 82.0 (0.46) 81.9 (0.40) 1,373 (14.6) 73.0 (0.42) 73.0 (0.51) 73.3 (0.46) 1,229 (14.2) 11.1 (0.35) 11.0 (0.39) 10.5 (0.32) 145 (4.6)
Bachelor's or higher degree 88.9 (0.18) 88.5 (0.24) 88.5 (0.20) 3,492 (26.2) 82.2 (0.20) 82.1 (0.32) 82.7 (0.27) 3,263 (26.1) 7.4 (0.15) 7.3 (0.22) 6.5 (0.19) 228 (6.5)
                                                 
Hispanic, all education levels 77.3 (0.11) 77.1 (0.10) 77.3 (0.09) 19,879 (27.1) 68.9 (0.12) 69.2 (0.12) 70.3 (0.11) 18,064 (31.9) 10.9 (0.09) 10.1 (0.10) 9.1 (0.09) 1,815 (18.0)
Less than high school completion 70.6 (0.19) 70.0 (0.18) 70.1 (0.19) 6,099 (34.4) 61.2 (0.21) 61.4 (0.20) 62.6 (0.22) 5,445 (33.2) 13.3 (0.17) 12.3 (0.19) 10.7 (0.19) 654 (11.9)
High school completion4 77.1 (0.20) 77.1 (0.23) 77.3 (0.20) 5,407 (33.3) 68.4 (0.24) 68.7 (0.27) 69.6 (0.21) 4,868 (31.1) 11.3 (0.19) 10.9 (0.19) 10.0 (0.16) 539 (9.0)
Some college, no degree 81.8 (0.20) 81.4 (0.26) 80.8 (0.23) 3,836 (26.3) 73.3 (0.25) 73.5 (0.31) 73.4 (0.28) 3,486 (24.6) 10.3 (0.22) 9.7 (0.23) 9.1 (0.19) 350 (7.6)
Associate's degree 84.2 (0.36) 83.1 (0.41) 83.7 (0.38) 1,309 (16.4) 76.3 (0.47) 76.3 (0.46) 77.5 (0.38) 1,212 (15.2) 9.4 (0.36) 8.2 (0.36) 7.4 (0.27) 96 (3.8)
Bachelor's or higher degree 86.8 (0.26) 86.7 (0.21) 87.1 (0.23) 3,228 (28.8) 81.2 (0.31) 81.8 (0.26) 82.4 (0.26) 3,052 (27.5) 6.4 (0.20) 5.6 (0.20) 5.4 (0.16) 176 (5.3)
                                                 
Asian, all education levels 79.0 (0.15) 78.7 (0.18) 78.4 (0.16) 7,046 (19.1) 73.1 (0.17) 73.3 (0.18) 73.5 (0.18) 6,608 (20.6) 7.5 (0.13) 6.9 (0.12) 6.2 (0.12) 438 (8.7)
Less than high school completion 65.7 (0.48) 64.4 (0.59) 64.5 (0.52) 665 (10.4) 58.0 (0.57) 57.7 (0.62) 58.5 (0.54) 603 (9.6) 11.8 (0.54) 10.4 (0.47) 9.3 (0.43) 62 (3.1)
High school completion4 74.6 (0.48) 75.1 (0.49) 74.3 (0.49) 958 (13.7) 67.3 (0.49) 68.1 (0.56) 67.9 (0.50) 876 (11.8) 9.8 (0.38) 9.4 (0.45) 8.6 (0.37) 82 (4.1)
Some college, no degree 79.0 (0.52) 78.7 (0.52) 78.0 (0.48) 928 (11.4) 71.7 (0.47) 71.5 (0.55) 71.3 (0.49) 848 (10.7) 9.1 (0.34) 9.2 (0.36) 8.6 (0.39) 80 (3.8)
Associate's degree 80.5 (0.64) 79.1 (0.66) 76.4 (0.68) 474 (8.9) 74.4 (0.70) 73.4 (0.73) 71.3 (0.70) 443 (8.3) 7.7 (0.44) 7.2 (0.41) 6.6 (0.41) 31 (2.1)
Bachelor's or higher degree 83.0 (0.21) 82.8 (0.23) 82.7 (0.21) 4,022 (23.7) 78.3 (0.23) 78.5 (0.24) 79.0 (0.21) 3,839 (23.1) 5.7 (0.14) 5.2 (0.16) 4.5 (0.13) 183 (5.2)
                                                 
American Indian/Alaska Native, all                                                
education levels 67.0 (0.63) 66.6 (0.62) 66.2 (0.56) 725 (8.2) 56.8 (0.61) 57.0 (0.65) 57.2 (0.60) 626 (7.6) 15.2 (0.46) 14.5 (0.50) 13.7 (0.44) 99 (3.4)
Less than high school completion 46.9 (1.54) 44.9 (1.46) 44.0 (1.21) 77 (3.0) 35.1 (1.36) 32.7 (1.41) 33.0 (1.13) 58 (2.5) 25.3 (1.74) 27.2 (2.22) 24.9 (1.88) 19 (1.7)
High school completion4 64.4 (1.06) 63.1 (1.08) 64.7 (0.96) 230 (5.1) 52.4 (1.08) 52.4 (1.08) 54.4 (1.03) 194 (4.7) 18.7 (0.92) 17.0 (0.91) 16.0 (0.94) 37 (2.3)
Some college, no degree 71.0 (0.88) 71.9 (1.01) 68.5 (1.14) 209 (5.7) 61.0 (0.84) 61.8 (1.12) 59.0 (1.13) 180 (5.3) 14.1 (0.87) 14.1 (0.78) 13.8 (0.85) 29 (1.9)
Associate's degree 75.5 (1.78) 74.1 (1.70) 75.0 (1.75) 77 (3.2) 66.3 (1.87) 67.3 (1.95) 67.4 (1.69) 69 (2.9) 12.1 (1.46) 9.2 (1.23) 10.0 (1.04) 8 (0.9)
Bachelor's or higher degree 83.5 (1.19) 82.5 (0.93) 84.4 (1.13) 132 (4.0) 78.5 (1.36) 77.3 (1.11) 79.9 (1.16) 125 (3.9) 6.0 (0.73) 6.3 (0.77) 5.2 (0.65) 7 (0.9)
                                                 
Age group                                                
25 to 34, all education levels 82.1 (0.09) 81.8 (0.08) 82.0 (0.06) 34,149 (37.7) 73.1 (0.11) 73.2 (0.08) 74.1 (0.07) 30,845 (36.7) 11.0 (0.08) 10.6 (0.08) 9.7 (0.06) 3,304 (21.3)
Less than high school completion 66.8 (0.29) 66.0 (0.31) 65.5 (0.29) 3,200 (27.1) 53.4 (0.28) 53.2 (0.32) 53.7 (0.32) 2,624 (24.0) 20.1 (0.28) 19.5 (0.28) 18.0 (0.31) 575 (11.0)
High school completion4 78.5 (0.16) 78.1 (0.19) 78.0 (0.17) 7,767 (35.2) 66.3 (0.20) 66.8 (0.20) 67.2 (0.17) 6,690 (32.6) 15.5 (0.17) 14.5 (0.20) 13.9 (0.15) 1,077 (12.3)
Some college, no degree 82.8 (0.16) 82.2 (0.17) 82.1 (0.17) 7,952 (41.0) 72.9 (0.18) 72.1 (0.20) 72.9 (0.20) 7,063 (40.5) 12.0 (0.17) 12.3 (0.17) 11.2 (0.15) 889 (11.9)
Associate's degree 87.4 (0.24) 86.3 (0.25) 86.7 (0.22) 3,127 (22.6) 80.3 (0.28) 79.4 (0.28) 80.1 (0.26) 2,887 (21.1) 8.1 (0.20) 8.0 (0.20) 7.7 (0.22) 240 (7.3)
Bachelor's or higher degree 89.5 (0.11) 89.3 (0.11) 89.7 (0.10) 12,103 (47.0) 84.9 (0.14) 84.9 (0.13) 85.8 (0.11) 11,580 (47.3) 5.1 (0.09) 4.9 (0.10) 4.3 (0.08) 522 (9.8)
                                                 
35 to 44, all education levels 82.7 (0.06) 82.5 (0.08) 82.5 (0.08) 33,611 (37.1) 75.3 (0.07) 75.7 (0.09) 76.3 (0.09) 31,075 (38.5) 9.0 (0.07) 8.2 (0.07) 7.5 (0.06) 2,537 (21.4)
Less than high school completion 68.1 (0.23) 68.5 (0.29) 68.4 (0.24) 3,454 (24.4) 57.1 (0.30) 58.2 (0.29) 59.3 (0.26) 2,992 (21.8) 16.1 (0.29) 15.1 (0.27) 13.4 (0.22) 463 (8.4)
High school completion4 79.7 (0.16) 79.3 (0.18) 79.0 (0.18) 7,953 (36.1) 70.2 (0.17) 70.4 (0.20) 70.9 (0.18) 7,135 (32.0) 12.0 (0.15) 11.2 (0.15) 10.3 (0.16) 818 (13.8)
Some college, no degree 84.1 (0.15) 83.6 (0.15) 83.1 (0.18) 7,214 (31.6) 75.9 (0.17) 76.0 (0.19) 76.1 (0.23) 6,602 (32.3) 9.7 (0.13) 9.2 (0.15) 8.5 (0.15) 612 (10.4)
Associate's degree 87.0 (0.22) 86.9 (0.23) 86.5 (0.24) 3,172 (19.3) 80.7 (0.24) 81.1 (0.27) 80.8 (0.27) 2,963 (20.5) 7.3 (0.18) 6.7 (0.19) 6.6 (0.22) 209 (6.7)
Bachelor's or higher degree 88.9 (0.09) 88.7 (0.10) 89.1 (0.11) 11,818 (33.8) 85.0 (0.12) 85.3 (0.12) 85.8 (0.12) 11,383 (35.2) 4.4 (0.08) 3.8 (0.08) 3.7 (0.08) 435 (8.9)
                                                 
45 to 54, all education levels 80.9 (0.07) 80.4 (0.07) 80.3 (0.07) 35,434 (41.2) 74.0 (0.08) 74.0 (0.08) 74.6 (0.08) 32,941 (45.6) 8.5 (0.05) 7.9 (0.06) 7.0 (0.05) 2,493 (17.4)
Less than high school completion 62.8 (0.25) 62.1 (0.26) 61.9 (0.26) 3,312 (19.5) 53.1 (0.27) 53.2 (0.29) 53.8 (0.27) 2,881 (18.7) 15.5 (0.25) 14.4 (0.25) 13.0 (0.22) 431 (7.8)
High school completion4 78.1 (0.14) 77.4 (0.14) 76.9 (0.16) 9,905 (34.7) 70.1 (0.14) 69.9 (0.15) 70.3 (0.17) 9,054 (34.1) 10.2 (0.12) 9.7 (0.13) 8.6 (0.10) 851 (9.9)
Some college, no degree 81.9 (0.15) 81.4 (0.17) 81.3 (0.13) 7,657 (27.6) 74.5 (0.17) 74.6 (0.18) 75.3 (0.16) 7,095 (29.5) 9.0 (0.13) 8.4 (0.11) 7.3 (0.11) 562 (8.2)
Associate's degree 85.7 (0.21) 85.4 (0.21) 84.6 (0.21) 3,346 (21.1) 79.6 (0.23) 79.9 (0.26) 79.5 (0.27) 3,146 (22.3) 7.1 (0.15) 6.4 (0.16) 6.0 (0.17) 201 (5.2)
Bachelor's or higher degree 89.6 (0.11) 89.3 (0.10) 89.4 (0.12) 11,212 (43.2) 85.2 (0.12) 85.4 (0.11) 85.9 (0.14) 10,765 (42.9) 4.8 (0.07) 4.4 (0.07) 4.0 (0.07) 448 (8.1)
                                                 
55 to 64, all education levels 64.3 (0.09) 64.0 (0.09) 64.1 (0.08) 24,735 (31.4) 59.1 (0.08) 59.3 (0.09) 59.9 (0.08) 23,097 (33.7) 8.2 (0.07) 7.5 (0.06) 6.6 (0.06) 1,639 (13.8)
Less than high school completion 45.1 (0.25) 45.4 (0.28) 45.5 (0.26) 2,063 (16.1) 39.1 (0.26) 39.7 (0.29) 40.5 (0.26) 1,839 (15.2) 13.3 (0.31) 12.7 (0.30) 10.8 (0.24) 223 (5.1)
High school completion4 59.2 (0.16) 59.2 (0.16) 59.3 (0.15) 6,516 (25.7) 53.7 (0.16) 54.3 (0.16) 54.9 (0.15) 6,033 (24.4) 9.2 (0.13) 8.2 (0.14) 7.4 (0.11) 483 (7.8)
Some college, no degree 65.0 (0.18) 64.7 (0.23) 64.4 (0.19) 5,429 (26.6) 59.1 (0.18) 59.2 (0.22) 59.8 (0.20) 5,040 (25.7) 9.1 (0.13) 8.4 (0.14) 7.2 (0.12) 389 (7.0)
Associate's degree 70.2 (0.28) 69.1 (0.29) 69.2 (0.31) 2,241 (16.5) 64.7 (0.27) 64.4 (0.32) 65.0 (0.34) 2,102 (15.3) 7.8 (0.19) 6.7 (0.20) 6.2 (0.19) 138 (4.5)
Bachelor's or higher degree 74.9 (0.14) 74.4 (0.14) 74.5 (0.15) 8,487 (29.3) 70.7 (0.13) 70.5 (0.15) 71.0 (0.16) 8,082 (28.9) 5.7 (0.10) 5.2 (0.08) 4.8 (0.08) 405 (7.2)
1 Percentage of the civilian population who are employed or seeking employment.
2 Number of persons employed as a percentage of the civilian population.
3 The percentage of persons in the civilian labor force who are not working and who made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks.
4 Includes equivalency credentials, such as the General Educational Development (GED) credential.
NOTE: Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Totals include racial/ethnic groups not separately shown. Standard errors were computed using replicate weights.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2010, 2011, and 2012, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared January 2014.)

2013 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest