Table 27. Percentage of public middle schools that monitored access to their campus in specified ways and the mean number of policies per school reported, by selected school characteristics: 1999

School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)

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Table 27. Percentage of public middle schools that monitored access to their campus in specified ways and the mean number of policies per school reported, by selected school characteristics: 1999–2000

School characteristic	Percentage							Mean number of these policies³
School characteristic	Require visitors to sign or check in	Control access to school buildings during school hours¹	Control access to school grounds during school hours²	Require students to pass through metal detectors each day	Require visitors to pass through metal detectors	Perform one or more random metal detector checks on students	Close the campus for most students during lunch	Mean number of these policies³
All public middle schools	97	76	30	2	2	14	81	3.0

Enrollment size
Less than 300	90	57	18	‡	#	8	71	2.4
300–499	98	80	31	3	4	9	87	3.1
500–999	99	80	29	1	1	14	80	3.0
1,000 or more	99	80	45	‡	3	29	86	3.4

Urbanicity
City	99	80	42	7	5	30	87	3.5
Urban fringe	99	80	30	‡	1	8	81	3.0
Town	94	75	26	‡	‡	12	83	2.9
Rural	95	66	22	#	‡	8	73	2.6

Crime level where students live⁴
High	100	84	48	8	11	35	78	3.6
Moderate	99	73	42	2	‡	21	85	3.2
Low	96	75	25	1	1	9	80	2.9
Mixed	100	76	33	‡	4	20	83	3.1

Percent minority enrollment⁴
0–5 percent	93	77	18	#	‡	4	76	2.7
6–20 percent	100	72	26	#	‡	5	84	2.9
21–50 percent	98	74	27	‡	1	16	86	3.0
More than 50 percent	99	78	52	7	6	33	79	3.5

Percent of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	96	81	27	‡	#	4	80	2.9
21–50 percent	97	70	22	‡	1	10	82	2.8
More than 50 percent	98	79	44	5	5	29	81	3.4

Percent of students below 15^th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	95	78	27	‡	#	11	80	2.9
6–15 percent	98	74	25	‡	2	11	80	2.9
More than 15 percent	99	76	38	5	4	20	82	3.2

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	98	70	37	3	2	22	78	3.1
36–60 percent	97	76	26	2	3	12	85	3.0
More than 60 percent	96	80	27	‡	‡	9	79	2.9

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	95	68	36	‡	‡	24	70	3.0
26–50 percent	99	71	28	4	3	16	88	3.1
51–75 percent	97	79	27	2	3	14	82	3.0
More than 75 percent	96	78	31	‡	#	9	79	2.9

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	97	80	36	2	3	20	76	3.1
45–55 percent	97	74	29	2	1	12	82	2.9
More than 55 percent	100	80	29	‡	‡	17	79	3.1

Student/teacher ratio⁴,⁵
Less than 12	95	68	25	‡	2	12	76	2.8
12–16	98	84	28	1	2	12	80	3.1
More than 16	97	71	38	2	‡	14	86	3.1

Number of classroom changes⁴
0–3 changes	93	75	43	5	‡	17	81	3.1
4–6 changes	99	73	32	3	4	18	80	3.1
More than 6 changes	97	77	28	1	‡	11	82	3.0

Use of paid law enforcement⁶
Regular use	98	80	33	2	3	18	83	3.2
No regular use	94	66	22	‡	‡	4	76	2.6

Number of serious discipline problems⁷
No problems	96	74	28	1	1	9	76	2.8
1 problem	99	79	31	3	1	15	82	3.1
2 problems	96	73	30	‡	‡	14	85	3.0
3 or more problems	98	76	30	3	3	19	83	3.1

Transfers as percentage of enrollment⁴,⁸
0 to 6 percent	96	74	29	2	2	14	75	2.9
6 to 11 percent	98	75	31	3	2	11	75	2.9
11 to 21 percent	98	75	24	‡	‡	11	84	2.9
21 percent or more	97	79	30	3	3	17	87	3.1

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions⁴,⁹
No disruptions	97	74	28	1	1	13	81	2.9
Any disruptions	100	85	36	5	6	19	81	3.3

Percent of students absent without excuses
None	93	76	23	‡	#	8	86	2.9
1–2 percent	98	73	29	‡	1	10	78	2.9
3–5 percent	98	78	30	2	2	17	81	3.1
6–10 percent	98	77	36	4	5	19	82	3.2
More than 10 percent	100	89	49	15	‡	44	85	3.9

Prevalence of violent incidents⁴,¹⁰
No violent incidents	88	72	26	‡	‡	11	78	2.7
Any violent incidents	99	76	30	2	2	14	82	3.0
# Rounds to zero.
‡ Reporting standards not met.
¹ For example, locked or monitored doors.
² For example, locked or monitored gates.
³ Data represents the mean number of "yes" responses to the policies listed.
⁴ Some schools are omitted from these categories because of missing data on their school characteristics. For this reason, the detailed results do not sum to the totals. See appendix J of 2000 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) Detailed Data Documentation (NCES 2004-307) for further information.
⁵ Student/teacher ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time equivalent teachers. The total number of full-time equivalent teachers is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers, including special education teachers, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁶ Schools were included as regularly using paid law enforcement if they reported the use of paid law enforcement during any of the following times: at any time during school hours, while students were arriving or leaving, at selected school activities, (e.g., athletic and social events, open houses, science fairs), or at any other time that the respondent specified.
⁷ Serious discipline problems is a count of discipline problems reported by principals. These discipline problems include student racial tensions, student bullying, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, and student acts of disrespect for teachers. If a principal reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems. Undesirable gang activities and undesirable cult or extremist group activities were also counted once as a problem if the principal reported that these events occurred at all in their school.
⁸ Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school, divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
⁹ Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as bomb threats or anthrax threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
¹⁰ Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. "At school/at your school" was defined for respondents as including activities happening in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that are holding school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to, unless the survey specified otherwise, only respond for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities/events were in session. A gang was defined for respondents as, "an ongoing loosely organized association of three or more persons, whether formal or informal, that has a common name, signs, symbols or colors, whose members engage, either individually or collectively, in violent or other forms of illegal behavior." Middle schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2000.

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