Table 1. Number and percentage of public middle schools reporting violent and other incidents of crime with the number of incidents reported, by selected school characteristics: 1999

School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)

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Table 1. Number and percentage of public middle schools reporting violent and other incidents of crime with the number of incidents reported, by selected school characteristics: 1999–2000

School characteristic	Total	Violent incidents¹			Serious violent incidents ²			Theft³			Other incidents⁴
School characteristic	Total	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents	Num- ber of schools	Per- cent of schools	Num- ber of incidents
All public middle schools	15,391	13,228	87	435,765	4,483	29	17,743	9,917	65	62,628	13,543	89	168,329

Enrollment size
Less than 300	2,753	2,000	75	28,464	602	22	1,439	1,506	56	6,759	1,968	71	10,558
300–499	3,357	2,994	90	52,959	759	23	2,311	1,899	57	9,734	2,849	85	23,789
500–999	7,319	6,540	90	275,924	2,445	33	9,744	5,042	69	31,331	6,899	95	99,356
1,000 or more	1,961	1,694	89	78,418	677	35	4,249	1,471	75	14,804	1,827	95	34,626

Urbanicity
City	3,413	3,138	93	134,674	1,235	36	5,678	2,501	73	20,553	3,234	95	45,658
Urban fringe	5,402	4,601	86	170,980	1,622	30	7,184	3,496	65	23,562	4,773	90	71,780
Town	2,467	2,123	88	59,441	561	23	1,279	1,504	62	6,275	2,107	85	18,441
Rural	4,109	3,365	83	70,671	1,066	26	3,601	2,417	59	12,237	3,430	83	32,449

Crime level where students live⁵
High	753	698	98	46,676	393	52	2,642	539	72	4,964	730	97	12,479
Moderate	2,573	2,270	88	98,657	942	37	3,486	1,721	67	10,517	2,387	93	41,932
Low	9,919	8,286	85	189,472	2,323	24	5,961	6,077	62	33,581	8,437	85	84,083
Mixed	2,047	1,906	93	100,541	825	40	5,653	1,512	75	13,464	1,890	96	29,147

Percent minority enrollment⁵
0–5 percent	4,367	3,630	85	64,488	1,088	25	2,714	2,484	57	10,500	3,668	84	32,055
6–20 percent	3,927	3,424	88	100,156	1,059	27	3,574	2,714	69	19,716	3,407	88	44,463
21–50 percent	3,502	3,059	88	121,647	933	27	5,508	2,537	73	17,009	3,195	92	48,385
More than 50 percent	3,449	3,028	89	142,555	1,389	40	5,933	2,111	61	14,557	3,145	92	41,167

Percent of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch
0–20 percent	4,670	3,829	84	78,599	1,085	23	2,857	3,100	67	18,138	3,961	86	42,192
21–50 percent	6,372	5,587	89	198,196	1,878	29	8,418	4,092	64	27,474	5,702	90	78,260
More than 50 percent	4,349	3,811	89	158,970	1,520	35	6,469	2,726	63	17,015	3,881	89	47,877

Percent of students below 15^th percentile on standardized tests
0–5 percent	4,270	3,349	81	87,014	768	18	2,693	2,614	62	14,653	3,559	84	33,814
6–15 percent	6,666	5,944	90	167,342	2,241	34	7,073	4,417	66	27,042	6,086	92	70,221
More than 15 percent	4,455	3,935	89	181,409	1,473	33	7,977	2,886	65	20,933	3,898	89	64,294

Percent of students likely to attend college
0–35 percent	4,330	3,932	91	156,861	1,428	33	6,339	2,904	68	19,785	3,934	91	52,718
36–60 percent	5,679	4,868	88	148,892	1,638	29	7,022	3,389	60	19,167	4,895	86	54,280
More than 60 percent	5,382	4,428	84	130,012	1,416	26	4,383	3,624	68	23,675	4,713	89	61,331

Percent of students who consider academic achievement important
0–25 percent	1,646	1,459	89	52,191	550	33	3,267	1,131	69	8,586	1,452	88	20,664
26–50 percent	3,326	3,014	91	133,306	1,132	34	6,481	2,398	72	16,721	3,167	96	49,959
51–75 percent	5,179	4,550	89	139,234	1,653	32	4,950	3,145	61	16,979	4,551	88	52,634
More than 75 percent	5,240	4,205	82	111,034	1,148	22	3,045	3,243	62	20,343	4,372	85	45,072

Percent male enrollment
0–44 percent	2,075	1,598	77	48,757	536	26	3,487	1,000	48	7,369	1,662	80	17,656
45–55 percent	11,994	10,500	89	367,056	3,421	29	13,176	8,194	69	51,552	10,833	91	140,067
More than 55 percent	1,321	1,129	85	19,951	526	40	1,080	723	55	3,707	1,048	81	10,606

Student/teacher ratio⁵,⁶
Less than 12	4,659	4,124	89	109,112	1,214	26	3,842	2,917	63	18,518	4,070	88	41,311
12–16	5,694	4,935	88	174,686	1,489	26	6,205	3,656	65	20,247	5,012	88	66,454
More than 16	4,270	3,601	85	119,214	1,521	36	6,679	2,839	66	20,506	3,853	90	53,557

Number of classroom changes⁵
0–3 changes	966	627	65	13,768	189	20	418	396	41	918	699	72	4,038
4–6 changes	5,486	4,789	89	147,640	1,638	30	6,842	3,442	64	23,260	4,880	90	65,285
More than 6 changes	7,214	6,309	89	234,481	2,113	29	8,359	4,933	69	30,832	6,459	90	84,087

Use of paid law enforcement⁷
Regular use	10,509	9,423	91	349,508	3,599	34	15,620	7,336	70	48,604	9,682	93	135,838
No regular use	4,882	3,804	79	86,257	884	18	2,123	2,581	53	14,024	3,861	79	32,491

Number of serious discipline problems⁸
No problems	5,510	4,115	76	64,652	847	15	2,434	2,545	47	10,432	4,417	80	27,539
1 problem	3,760	3,436	93	89,966	1,079	29	3,370	2,743	73	15,867	3,370	90	37,265
2 problems	2,324	2,045	90	78,257	923	40	4,587	1,538	66	10,689	2,144	93	28,642
3 or more problems	3,797	3,631	97	202,890	1,633	43	7,353	3,092	82	25,639	3,613	97	74,883

Transfers as percentage of enrollment⁵,⁹
0 to 6 percent	3,874	3,168	83	69,332	829	21	2,464	2,280	59	11,750	3,375	88	29,268
6 to 11 percent	3,403	2,945	88	75,266	958	29	3,515	2,134	64	13,829	2,925	86	31,232
11 to 21 percent	3,717	3,338	91	118,912	1,233	33	4,597	2,606	70	18,494	3,383	92	54,023
21 percent or more	3,973	3,452	88	160,435	1,292	33	5,915	2,666	67	17,428	3,456	88	47,924

Prevalence of schoolwide disruptions⁵,¹⁰
No disruptions	11,966	10,159	86	312,937	2,976	25	9,141	7,542	64	49,114	10,469	88	124,049
Any disruptions	2,488	2,299	96	105,468	1,171	47	6,444	1,882	76	11,719	2,324	95	35,963

Percent of students absent without excuses
None	2,787	2,200	80	53,611	621	22	1,760	1,646	59	8,097	2,229	80	28,241
1–2 percent	6,319	5,410	86	155,129	1,659	26	5,132	4,032	64	24,626	5,552	88	61,940
3–5 percent	3,656	3,301	91	115,149	1,276	35	5,827	2,440	67	17,506	3,368	93	43,757
6–10 percent	2,096	1,855	92	72,662	735	36	3,444	1,352	66	9,154	1,937	92	24,666
More than 10 percent	534	461	90	39,214	193	36	1,580	447	84	3,246	457	93	9,726
¹ Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
² Serious violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with a weapon, threat of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.
³ Theft/larceny (taking things over $10 without personal confrontation) was defined for respondents as, "the unlawful taking of another person's property without personal confrontation, threat, violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from vending machines, and all other types of thefts."
⁴ Other incidents include possession of a firearm or explosive device, possession of a knife or sharp object, distribution of illegal drugs, possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs, sexual harassment, or vandalism.
⁵ Some schools are omitted from these categories because of missing data on their school characteristics. For this reason, the detailed results do not sum to the totals. See appendix J of 2000 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) Detailed Data Documentation (NCES 2004-307) for further information.
⁶ Student/teacher ratio was calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in the school by the total number of full-time equivalent teachers. The total number of full-time equivalent teachers is a combination of the full-time and part-time teachers, including special education teachers, with an adjustment to compensate for the part-time status.
⁷ Schools were included as regularly using paid law enforcement if they reported the use of paid law enforcement during any of the following times: at any time during school hours, while students were arriving or leaving, at selected school activities (e.g., athletic and social events, open houses, science fairs), or at any other time that the respondent specified.
⁸ Serious discipline problems is a count of discipline problems reported by principals. These discipline problems include student racial tensions, student bullying, student verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in classrooms, and student acts of disrespect for teachers. If a principal reported that any of these problems occurred daily or weekly in their school, each was counted once in the total number of serious discipline problems. Undesirable gang activities and undesirable cult or extremist group activities were also counted once as a problem if the principal reported that these events occurred at all in their school.
⁹ Transfers as a percentage of enrollment combines the number of students who were transferred to a school and the number of students who were transferred from a school, divided by the total number of students enrolled in the school.
¹⁰ Schoolwide disruptions include actions that disrupted school activities such as bomb threats or anthrax threats. Respondents were instructed to exclude all fire alarms, including false alarms.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. "At school/at your school" was defined for respondents as including activities happening in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that are holding school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to, unless the survey specified otherwise, only respond for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities/events were in session. Middle schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2000.

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