Table M6. Average scores of 15-year-old students on PISA mathematics literacy process subscales, by education system: 2012 | |||||||||||||
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Formulating | Employing | Interpreting | |||||||||||
Education system | Average score | s.e. | Education system | Average score | s.e. | Education system | Average score | s.e. | |||||
OECD average | 492 | 0.5 | OECD average | 493 | 0.5 | OECD average | 497 | 0.5 | |||||
Shanghai-China | 624 | 4.1 | Shanghai-China | 613 | 3.0 | Shanghai-China | 579 | 2.9 | |||||
Singapore | 582 | 1.6 | Singapore | 574 | 1.2 | Singapore | 555 | 1.4 | |||||
Chinese Taipei | 578 | 4.0 | Hong Kong-China | 558 | 3.1 | Hong Kong-China | 551 | 3.4 | |||||
Hong Kong-China | 568 | 3.7 | Korea, Republic of | 553 | 4.3 | Chinese Taipei | 549 | 3.0 | |||||
Korea, Republic of | 562 | 5.1 | Chinese Taipei | 549 | 3.1 | Liechtenstein | 540 | 4.1 | |||||
Japan | 554 | 4.2 | Liechtenstein | 536 | 3.7 | Korea, Republic of | 540 | 4.2 | |||||
Macao-China | 545 | 1.4 | Macao-China | 536 | 1.1 | Japan | 531 | 3.5 | |||||
Switzerland | 538 | 3.1 | Japan | 530 | 3.5 | Macao-China | 530 | 1.0 | |||||
Liechtenstein | 535 | 4.4 | Switzerland | 529 | 2.9 | Switzerland | 529 | 3.4 | |||||
Netherlands | 527 | 3.8 | Estonia | 524 | 2.1 | Finland | 528 | 2.2 | |||||
Finland | 519 | 2.4 | Vietnam | 523 | 5.1 | Netherlands | 526 | 3.6 | |||||
Estonia | 517 | 2.3 | Poland | 519 | 3.5 | Canada | 521 | 2.0 | |||||
Canada | 516 | 2.2 | Netherlands | 518 | 3.4 | Germany | 517 | 3.2 | |||||
Poland | 516 | 4.2 | Canada | 517 | 1.9 | Poland | 515 | 3.5 | |||||
Belgium | 512 | 2.4 | Germany | 516 | 2.8 | Australia | 514 | 1.7 | |||||
Germany | 511 | 3.4 | Belgium | 516 | 2.1 | Belgium | 513 | 2.4 | |||||
Denmark | 502 | 2.4 | Finland | 516 | 1.8 | Estonia | 513 | 2.1 | |||||
Iceland | 500 | 1.7 | Austria | 510 | 2.5 | New Zealand | 511 | 2.5 | |||||
Austria | 499 | 3.2 | Slovenia | 505 | 1.2 | France | 511 | 2.5 | |||||
Australia | 498 | 1.9 | Czech Republic | 504 | 2.9 | Austria | 509 | 3.3 | |||||
Vietnam | 497 | 5.1 | Ireland | 502 | 2.4 | Denmark | 508 | 2.5 | |||||
New Zealand | 496 | 2.5 | Australia | 500 | 1.7 | Ireland | 507 | 2.5 | |||||
Czech Republic | 495 | 3.4 | France | 496 | 2.3 | United Kingdom | 501 | 3.5 | |||||
Ireland | 492 | 2.4 | Latvia | 495 | 2.8 | Norway | 499 | 3.1 | |||||
Slovenia | 492 | 1.5 | New Zealand | 495 | 2.2 | Italy | 498 | 2.1 | |||||
Norway | 489 | 3.1 | Denmark | 495 | 2.4 | Slovenia | 498 | 1.4 | |||||
United Kingdom | 489 | 3.7 | Luxembourg | 493 | 0.9 | Vietnam | 497 | 4.5 | |||||
Latvia | 488 | 3.0 | United Kingdom | 492 | 3.1 | Spain | 495 | 2.2 | |||||
France | 483 | 2.8 | Iceland | 490 | 1.6 | Luxembourg | 495 | 1.1 | |||||
Luxembourg | 482 | 1.0 | Portugal | 489 | 3.7 | Czech Republic | 494 | 3.0 | |||||
Russian Federation | 481 | 3.6 | Russian Federation | 487 | 3.1 | Iceland | 492 | 1.9 | |||||
Slovak Republic | 480 | 4.1 | Norway | 486 | 2.7 | Portugal | 490 | 4.0 | |||||
Sweden | 479 | 2.7 | Italy | 485 | 2.1 | United States | 490 | 3.9 | |||||
Portugal | 479 | 4.3 | Slovak Republic | 485 | 3.4 | Latvia | 486 | 3.0 | |||||
Lithuania | 477 | 3.1 | Lithuania | 482 | 2.7 | Sweden | 485 | 2.4 | |||||
Spain | 477 | 2.2 | Spain | 481 | 2.0 | Croatia | 477 | 3.5 | |||||
United States | 476 | 4.1 | Hungary | 481 | 3.2 | Hungary | 477 | 3.1 | |||||
Italy | 475 | 2.2 | United States | 480 | 3.5 | Slovak Republic | 473 | 3.3 | |||||
Hungary | 469 | 3.6 | Croatia | 478 | 3.7 | Russian Federation | 471 | 2.9 | |||||
Israel | 465 | 4.7 | Sweden | 474 | 2.5 | Lithuania | 471 | 2.8 | |||||
Croatia | 453 | 4.0 | Israel | 469 | 4.6 | Greece | 467 | 3.1 | |||||
Turkey | 449 | 5.2 | Serbia, Republic of | 451 | 3.4 | Israel | 462 | 5.2 | |||||
Greece | 448 | 2.3 | Greece | 449 | 2.7 | Turkey | 446 | 4.6 | |||||
Serbia, Republic of | 447 | 3.8 | Turkey | 448 | 5.0 | Serbia, Republic of | 445 | 3.4 | |||||
Romania | 445 | 4.1 | Romania | 446 | 4.1 | Bulgaria | 441 | 4.2 | |||||
Kazakhstan | 442 | 3.8 | Cyprus | 443 | 1.1 | Romania | 438 | 3.1 | |||||
Bulgaria | 437 | 4.2 | United Arab Emirates | 440 | 2.4 | Cyprus | 436 | 1.3 | |||||
Cyprus | 437 | 1.2 | Bulgaria | 439 | 4.1 | Chile | 433 | 3.1 | |||||
United Arab Emirates | 426 | 2.7 | Kazakhstan | 433 | 3.2 | Thailand | 432 | 3.4 | |||||
Chile | 420 | 3.2 | Thailand | 426 | 3.5 | United Arab Emirates | 428 | 2.4 | |||||
Thailand | 416 | 4.0 | Malaysia | 423 | 3.3 | Kazakhstan | 420 | 2.6 | |||||
Mexico | 409 | 1.7 | Chile | 416 | 3.3 | Malaysia | 418 | 3.1 | |||||
Uruguay | 406 | 3.2 | Mexico | 413 | 1.4 | Costa Rica | 418 | 2.9 | |||||
Malaysia | 406 | 3.6 | Montenegro, Republic of | 409 | 1.1 | Montenegro, Republic of | 413 | 1.4 | |||||
Montenegro, Republic of | 404 | 1.3 | Uruguay | 408 | 2.9 | Mexico | 413 | 1.3 | |||||
Costa Rica | 399 | 3.5 | Costa Rica | 401 | 3.4 | Uruguay | 409 | 2.7 | |||||
Albania | 398 | 1.9 | Albania | 397 | 2.2 | Brazil | 401 | 2.1 | |||||
Jordan | 390 | 3.4 | Tunisia | 390 | 4.3 | Argentina | 390 | 4.1 | |||||
Argentina | 383 | 3.5 | Brazil | 388 | 2.1 | Colombia | 388 | 2.5 | |||||
Qatar | 378 | 0.9 | Argentina | 387 | 3.4 | Tunisia | 385 | 3.9 | |||||
Brazil | 376 | 2.5 | Jordan | 383 | 3.4 | Jordan | 383 | 3.0 | |||||
Colombia | 375 | 3.3 | Qatar | 373 | 0.8 | Indonesia | 379 | 4.0 | |||||
Tunisia | 373 | 4.1 | Indonesia | 369 | 4.2 | Albania | 379 | 2.4 | |||||
Peru | 370 | 3.7 | Peru | 368 | 3.9 | Qatar | 375 | 0.8 | |||||
Indonesia | 368 | 4.6 | Colombia | 368 | 3.2 | Peru | 368 | 3.8 | |||||
U.S. state education systems | U.S. state education systems | U.S. state education systems | |||||||||||
Massachusetts | 512 | 7.4 | Massachusetts | 509 | 5.8 | Massachusetts | 524 | 6.4 | |||||
Connecticut | 504 | 7.3 | Connecticut | 502 | 6.1 | Connecticut | 515 | 6.4 | |||||
Florida | 458 | 6.5 | Florida | 466 | 5.4 | Florida | 475 | 6.5 | |||||
Average score is higher than U.S. score. Average score is lower than U.S. score. NOTE: Education systems are ordered by 2012 average subscale score. The OECD average is the average of the national averages of the OECD member countries, with each country weighted equally. All average scores reported as higher or lower than the U.S. average score are different at the05 significance level of statistical significance. Standard error is noted by s.e. Italics indicate non-OECD countries and education systems. Results for Connecticut, Florida, and Massachusetts are for public school students only. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2012. |