| Education level and income |
Canada1 |
France1 |
Germany |
Italy2 |
Japan1 |
United Kingdom |
United States |
| Lower secondary education or below3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| At or below half of the median income |
|
39.2 |
17.8 |
29.8 |
18.4 |
36.0 |
30.9 |
44.5 |
| More than two times the median income |
|
6.5 |
3.0 |
2.4 |
6.7 |
5.4 |
1.2 |
2.4 |
| Upper secondary education4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| At or below half of the median income |
|
28.8 |
9.9 |
24.6 |
9.2 |
28.9 |
20.3 |
24.1 |
| More than two times the median income |
|
11.1 |
5.1 |
4.5 |
12.6 |
12.4 |
6.7 |
7.8 |
| Academic higher education5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| At or below half of the median income |
|
17.1 |
5.7 |
11.9 |
8.9 |
8.9 |
6.9 |
12.5 |
| More than two times the median income |
|
31.2 |
27.0 |
29.5 |
27.3 |
34.7 |
27.9 |
30.1 |
| 1 Reference year is 2007 rather than 2008. |
| 2 Reference year is 2006 rather than 2008. |
| 3 Includes ISCED97 levels 0 (preprimary education), 1 (primary education), and 2 (lower secondary education). |
| 4 Includes ISCED97 levels 3 (upper secondary education) and 4 (postsecondary nontertiary programs). |
| 5 Includes ISCED97 levels 5A (academic higher education below the doctoral level) and 6 (doctoral level of academic higher education). |
| NOTE: See the source listed below for the additional income categories that make up the full percentage distribution: more than half the median but at or below the median, more than the median but at or below 1.5 times the median, and more than 1.5 times the median but at or below 2.0 times the median. Education levels are defined according to the 1997 International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED97). For more information on the ISCED97 levels, see appendix A in Comparative Indicators of Education in the United States and Other G-8 Countries: 2011. |
| SOURCE: Miller, D.C., and Warren, L.K. (2011). Comparative Indicators of Education in the United States and Other G-8 Countries: 2011 (NCES 2012-007), table 21-1. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. |