OECD: 15-year-old students' mean index scores on the PISA index of self-concept in science and science performance, by quarters of the index, sex, and jurisdiction: 2006

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Table D.1.05.

OECD: 15-year-old students' mean index scores on the PISA index of self-concept in science and science performance, by quarters of the index, sex, and jurisdiction: 2006

	Index of self-concept in science																									Science performance mean score, by quarters of this index
	All students			Males			Females			Male-female mean index score difference				Bottom quarter			Second quarter			Third quarter			Top quarter			Bottom quarter			Second quarter			Third quarter			Top quarter
Jurisdiction	Mean index	¹	s.e.	Mean index	¹	s.e.	Mean index	¹	s.e.	Difference			s.e.	Mean index	¹	s.e.	Mean index	¹	s.e.	Mean index	¹	s.e.	Mean index	¹	s.e.	Mean score	¹	s.e.	Mean score	¹	s.e.	Mean score	¹	s.e.	Mean score	¹	s.e
OECD average	#		†	0.1		#	-0.1		#	0.3	*		0.01	-1.2		#	-0.3		#	0.3		#	1.2		#	471	*	0.6	493		0.7	513		0.7	537	*	0.8
OECD countries
Australia	#		†	0.1		0.02	-0.1		0.02	0.2	*		0.03	-1.3		0.01	-0.3		#	0.3		#	1.2		0.01	478	*	2.5	519		2.5	552		2.8	589	*	3.6
Austria	0.1		0.02	0.2		0.03	#		†	0.2	*		0.04	-1.3		0.02	-0.3		0.01	0.4		0.01	1.5		0.01	479	*	4.6	508		5.6	530		5.4	544	*	5.6
Belgium	-0.1		0.02	#		†	-0.3		0.02	0.3	*		0.03	-1.4		0.02	-0.4		0.01	0.1		#	1.1		0.01	490	*	3.9	520		3.2	536		3.5	550	*	3.9
Canada	0.3		0.02	0.4		0.02	0.1		0.02	0.3	*		0.03	-1.1		0.02	#		†	0.6		#	1.7		0.01	494	*	3.0	519		2.9	554		2.9	592	*	2.9
Czech Republic	#		†	#		†	-0.1		0.02	0.1	*	!	0.04	-1.0		0.02	-0.3		#	0.2		#	1.0		0.02	502	*	5.0	519		4.5	527		4.0	527	*	5.0

Denmark	-0.1		0.02	0.1		0.03	-0.3		0.03	0.4	*		0.03	-1.3		0.02	-0.4		0.01	0.2		0.01	1.1		0.02	456	*	3.6	483		3.5	511		4.1	545	*	4.1
Finland	0.1		0.02	0.2		0.02	#		†	0.2	*		0.03	-1.0		0.02	-0.2		0.01	0.4		0.01	1.1		0.02	524	*	2.8	548		3.1	577		3.0	608	*	3.2
France	-0.1		0.02	0.1		0.03	-0.3		0.02	0.4	*		0.03	-1.4		0.02	-0.4		0.01	0.2		0.01	1.2		0.01	469	*	3.9	482		3.8	509		4.4	539	*	5.0
Germany	0.3		0.02	0.4		0.03	0.1		0.02	0.4	*		0.03	-0.9		0.02	-0.1		#	0.5		0.01	1.6		0.01	494	*	4.1	513		4.3	531		4.9	556	*	5.2
Greece	#		†	0.2		0.02	-0.1		0.02	0.4	*		0.03	-1.2		0.02	-0.3		#	0.3		0.01	1.3		0.02	459	*	3.3	464		3.8	481		4.5	494	*	4.7

Hungary	-0.2		0.02	-0.1		0.02	-0.3		0.02	0.3	*		0.03	-1.3		0.02	-0.5		0.01	#		†	0.9		0.02	495	*	3.8	500		3.1	506		3.5	520	*	5.1
Iceland	0.1		0.02	0.3		0.02	-0.1		0.03	0.4	*		0.04	-1.3		0.02	-0.2		0.01	0.5		0.01	1.4		0.02	437	*	3.3	476		3.4	516		3.3	551	*	3.4
Ireland	-0.1		0.02	-0.1		0.03	-0.2		0.03	0.1	*	!	0.03	-1.4		0.02	-0.4		0.01	0.1		0.01	1.2		0.02	471	*	3.7	500		4.5	525		4.3	566	*	4.3
Italy	0.2		0.01	0.3		0.02	#		†	0.2	*		0.03	-0.9		0.01	-0.1		#	0.4		#	1.3		0.01	462	*	2.4	467		2.9	479		2.8	490	*	3.8
Japan	-0.9		0.02	-0.6		0.03	-1.1		0.02	0.5	*		0.03	-2.1		0.01	-1.1		0.01	-0.6		#	0.4		0.02	492	*	4.3	533		3.8	545		4.0	559	*	3.9

Korea	-0.7		0.02	-0.6		0.03	-0.9		0.02	0.3	*		0.03	-1.9		0.01	-0.9		#	-0.5		0.01	0.5		0.02	487	*	3.8	504		4.1	529		3.9	569	*	4.9
Luxembourg	0.2		0.02	0.3		0.02	0.1		0.02	0.2	*		0.03	-1.1		0.02	-0.1		#	0.6		0.01	1.6		0.01	457	*	2.4	481		3.1	495		2.9	521	*	3.2
Mexico	0.5		0.01	0.5		0.02	0.5		0.01	#			†	-0.5		0.01	0.3		#	0.7		#	1.5		0.01	406	*	2.7	413		3.4	415		3.5	415	*	4.3
Netherlands	-0.3		0.02	-0.1		0.02	-0.5		0.02	0.4	*		0.03	-1.5		0.02	-0.6		0.01	#		†	0.8		0.02	502	*	3.5	518		3.7	538		4.0	561	*	6.2
New Zealand	-0.1		0.02	0.1	!	0.02	-0.2		0.03	0.2	*		0.04	-1.2		0.02	-0.3		0.01	0.3		0.01	1.1		0.02	492	*	3.1	517		3.8	548		3.9	593	*	4.6

Norway	0.1	!	0.02	0.3		0.02	-0.2		0.02	0.4	*		0.03	-1.2		0.02	-0.3		0.01	0.4		0.01	1.3		0.02	448	*	3.4	475		3.6	505		3.7	535	*	3.5
Poland	0.1		0.02	0.1		0.02	#		†	0.1	*		0.03	-0.9		0.01	-0.2		#	0.3		0.01	1.1		0.01	477	*	3.1	489		3.5	506		3.8	522	*	3.5
Portugal	0.3		0.02	0.4		0.02	0.3		0.02	0.1	*		0.03	-0.7		0.02	0.1		0.01	0.6		0.01	1.3		0.02	442	*	3.9	471		3.7	478		4.1	496	*	5.4
Slovak Republic	0.1		0.02	0.2		0.02	0.1		0.02	0.1	*		0.03	-0.8		0.02	-0.1		#	0.4		0.01	1.2		0.01	473	*	3.7	485		4.4	493		4.4	510	*	4.4
Spain	#		†	0.1		0.02	-0.1		0.02	0.2	*		0.03	-1.2		0.01	-0.3		#	0.3		0.01	1.2		0.01	458	*	2.4	475		3.1	504		3.2	524	*	3.4

Sweden	#		†	0.2		0.03	-0.2		0.02	0.3	*		0.03	-1.3		0.02	-0.3		0.01	0.3		0.01	1.3		0.02	458	*	3.3	491		3.1	520		3.3	559	*	4.0
Switzerland	0.1		0.01	0.3		0.02	-0.1		0.02	0.3	*		0.02	-1.1		0.01	-0.2		#	0.4		0.01	1.3		0.01	478	*	4.1	506		3.4	528		4.0	552	*	4.6
Turkey	0.2		0.03	0.2		0.04	0.1		0.03	‡			†	-1.1		0.02	-0.1		0.01	0.5		#	1.3		0.02	410	*	3.7	427		4.4	432		4.8	437	*	6.2
United Kingdom	#		†	0.2		0.02	-0.2		0.02	0.3	*		0.02	-1.1		0.01	-0.2		#	0.3		0.01	1.1		0.01	475	*	3.1	502		3.0	529		3.6	563	*	3.9
United States	0.2		0.02	0.4		0.03	#		†	0.3	*		0.03	-1.1		0.02	-0.1		#	0.5		#	1.5		0.02	455	*	2.9	475		4.6	504		5.5	528	*	6.9
Non-OECD jurisdiction
Argentina	0.3		0.03	0.3		0.03	0.2		0.03	0.1	*	!	0.03	-0.8		0.03	#		†	0.5		0.01	1.4		0.02	396		7.5	404		5.8	408		7.2	397		7.3
Azerbaijan	0.6		0.03	0.6		0.04	0.7		0.03	#			†	-0.5		0.02	0.5		0.01	0.9		0.01	1.8		0.02	382		4.1	387		3.7	387		3.4	383		3.3
Brazil	0.4		0.02	0.4		0.02	0.3		0.02	0.1	*		0.03	-0.6		0.01	#		#	0.6		0.01	1.5		0.01	393		4.0	397		4.4	393		3.4	394		4.4
Bulgaria	0.4		0.02	0.4		0.02	0.3		0.02	0.1	*		0.02	-0.7		0.02	0.1		0.01	0.6		#	1.4		0.01	431	*	6.1	443		6.5	434		6.9	450	*	7.6
Chile	0.2		0.02	0.3		0.02	0.1		0.02	0.2	*		0.03	-0.9		0.02	-0.2		#	0.4		0.01	1.4		0.02	419	*	3.9	433		4.5	453		5.6	461	*	6.4

Colombia	0.7		0.02	0.8		0.03	0.7		0.02	#			†	-0.2		0.02	0.5		0.01	0.9		0.01	1.7		0.01	385		4.1	397		4.9	392		5.4	391		5.1
Croatia	#		†	#		†	-0.1		0.02	0.1	*		0.03	-1.1		0.02	-0.3		#	0.2		0.01	1.1		0.01	480	*	3.2	496		3.6	511		3.9	508	*	4.3
Estonia	0.1		0.02	0.2		0.02	#		†	0.1	*		0.03	-0.8		0.01	-0.1		#	0.3		0.01	1.1		0.02	503	*	3.0	523		3.4	542		3.9	559	*	4.1
Hong Kong-China	-0.3		0.02	#		†	-0.5		0.03	0.4	*		0.04	-1.4		0.02	-0.6		0.01	#		†	0.9		0.02	525	*	3.5	550		4.0	569		4.6	578	*	4.3
Indonesia	0.2		0.03	0.2		0.05	0.1		0.03	‡			†	-0.7		0.01	-0.1		#	0.4		0.01	1.1		0.01	417	*	9.8	405		6.0	387		3.9	371	*	3.7

Israel	0.3		0.02	0.3		0.04	0.2		0.03	0.2	*	!	0.05	-1.2		0.03	#		†	0.6		0.01	1.7		0.02	423	*	4.5	452		4.9	476		4.5	492	*	5.8
Jordan	0.7		0.02	0.8		0.02	0.7		0.03	#			†	-0.4		0.02	0.5		0.01	1.1		0.01	1.8		0.01	401	*	3.4	419		3.3	429		3.4	448	*	4.5
Kyrgyzstan	0.7		0.02	0.7		0.02	0.7		0.02	0.1	*	!	0.02	-0.3		0.01	0.5		0.01	0.9		0.01	1.7		0.01	357	*	4.3	334		3.7	315		3.8	307	*	3.7
Latvia	#		†	0.1		0.02	#		†	0.2	*		0.02	-0.8		0.01	-0.2		#	0.2		#	0.9		0.02	478	*	4.0	483		3.3	500		3.6	501	*	5.1
Liechtenstein	‡		†	0.3		0.09	-0.1		0.07	0.4	*	!	0.12	-1.2		0.07	-0.2		0.02	0.4		0.03	1.5		0.06	506	*	11.1	507		10.1	528		11.4	553	*	10.8

Lithuania	-0.2		0.02	-0.2		0.02	-0.3		0.02	0.2	*		0.03	-1.1		0.01	-0.5		#	-0.1		#	0.8		0.02	467	*	4.0	479		3.3	497		4.0	511	*	3.9
Macao-China	-0.1		0.02	0.1		0.02	-0.4		0.03	0.5	*		0.04	-1.2		0.02	-0.4		0.01	0.2		0.01	1.1		0.03	491	*	3.0	503		3.5	519		3.7	520	*	3.6
Montenegro	0.5		0.01	0.5		0.02	0.5		0.02	#			†	-0.6		0.02	0.2		0.01	0.7		#	1.6		0.01	410		2.8	418		2.4	412		2.5	416		2.9
Qatar	0.6		0.01	0.7		0.02	0.5		0.02	0.1	*		0.03	-0.8		0.02	0.3		0.01	0.9		0.01	1.8		0.01	339	*	2.3	354		2.2	360		2.1	357	*	2.4
Romania	0.3		0.02	0.4		0.03	0.3		0.02	‡			†	-0.6		0.02	0.1		0.01	0.6		0.01	1.4		0.02	416		5.4	422		4.8	418		5.4	419		6.1

Russian Federation	0.2		0.02	0.2		0.03	0.1		0.02	0.1	*	!	0.02	-0.7		0.01	-0.1		#	0.4		0.01	1.1		0.02	467	*	3.3	475		4.2	491		4.2	490	*	6.4
Serbia	0.2		0.02	0.3		0.03	0.2		0.02	0.1	*	!	0.03	-0.9		0.02	#		†	0.5		#	1.4		0.01	427	*	3.4	440		3.3	435		4.0	443	*	4.8
Slovenia	0.2		0.01	0.3		0.02	0.1		0.02	0.2	*		0.03	-0.8		0.02	-0.1		#	0.5		0.01	1.3		0.02	518	*	2.7	517		3.2	524		4.1	536	*	4.0
Chinese Taipei	-0.4		0.02	-0.2		0.02	-0.7		0.02	0.5	*		0.02	-1.6		0.02	-0.7		#	-0.2		#	0.9		0.01	517	*	3.3	522		4.2	544		4.2	548	*	5.6
Thailand	0.7		0.01	0.7		0.02	0.7		0.02	0.1	*	!	0.02	-0.3		0.01	0.6		#	0.8		0.01	1.6		0.02	424		3.4	421		3.2	421		3.1	417		3.7

Tunisia	0.6		0.02	0.7		0.03	0.6		0.02	0.1	*		0.03	-0.5		0.02	0.3		0.01	1.0		0.01	1.7		0.01	381	*	3.3	385		4.4	393		4.4	396	*	4.0
Uruguay	0.4		0.02	0.3		0.02	0.4		0.02	#			†	-0.8		0.02	0.1		#	0.6		#	1.5		0.02	417	*	3.7	436		4.6	441		4.6	441	*	4.9

† Not applicable.

# Rounds to zero.

! Interpret data with caution. (Estimates are unstable.)

‡ Reporting standards not met.

*p<05. Male-female difference is statistically significant. Top quarter of science performance score is significantly different from bottom quarter.

¹In the mean index, each subject area is standardized to have a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1 across OECD countries.

NOTE: Results based on students' self-reports. The OECD average is the average of the national averages of the OECD member countries. Because PISA is principally an OECD study, the results for non-OECD jurisdictions are displayed separately from those of the OECD countries and are not included in the OECD average. The tests for significance take into account the standard error for the reported difference. Thus, a small difference between the United States and one jurisdiction may be significant while a large difference between the United States and another jurisdiction may not be significant. Standard errors are noted by s.e.

SOURCE: Data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2006. OECD. (2007) PISA 2006 Science Competencies for Tomorrow's World, table 3.4. Paris: Author.