IEA: Percentage distribution and average achievement scores of eighth-grade mathematics students as reported in TIMSS, by where computer is used and country: 2007

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Table C.3.10b.

IEA: Percentage distribution and average achievement scores of eighth-grade mathematics students as reported in TIMSS, by where computer is used and country: 2007

— Not available.
	Use computer both at home and at school								Use computer at home but not at school								Use computer at school but not at home									Use computer only at places other than home and school									Do not use computer at all
	2007 percent of students		Average achievement		Difference in percent from 2003				2007 percent of students		Average achievement		Difference in percent from 2003				2007 percent of students			Average achievement		Difference in percent from 2003				2007 percent of students			Average achievement		Difference in percent from 2003				2007 percent of students		Average achievement		Difference in percent from 2003
Country	Percent	s.e.	Scores	s.e.	Percent		s.e.		Percent	s.e.	Scores	s.e.	Percent		s.e.		Percent		s.e.	Scores	s.e.	Percent		s.e.		Percent		s.e.	Scores	s.e.	Percent		s.e.		Percent	s.e.	Scores	s.e.	Percent		s.e.
International average	42	0.2	470	0.8	†		†		25	0.2	453	0.8	†		†		16		0.2	409	1.1	†		†		6		0.1	409	1.4	†		†		10	0.1	399	1.2	†		†

Chinese Taipei	87	0.7	608	4.2	‡		†		8	0.5	562	7.6	6		0.5	∆	3		0.4	511	10.8	-6		0.9	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	#		†		1	0.1	‡	†	#		†
Hong Kong SAR¹	84	1.0	582	5.1	-4	!	1.2	▼	13	0.9	537	9.1	5		1.1	∆	1	!	0.3	‡	†	-1	!	0.4		#		†	‡	†	#		†		1	0.1	‡	†	#		†
Malta	84	0.6	495	1.4	—		†		12	0.5	473	3.8	—		†		3		0.3	376	8.1	—		†		#		†	‡	†	—		†		1	0.1	‡	†	—		†
Australia	77	1.0	506	4.0	-6		1.4	▼	17	0.9	480	5.8	7		1.3	∆	4		0.4	435	9.4	‡		†		1		0.2	‡	†	#		†		#	†	‡	†	#		†
England	76	1.1	526	4.9	-5		1.4	▼	20	1.0	486	5.5	10		1.2	∆	3		0.4	450	10.1	-4		0.8	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	#		†		#	†	‡	†	-1		0.2

Czech Republic	76	1.1	511	2.3	—		†		15	0.9	497	4.4	—		†		8		0.6	458	6.3	—		†		1		0.2	‡	†	—		†		1	0.2	‡	†	—		†
Cyprus	74	0.7	477	1.7	3	!	1.0	∆	17	0.6	459	4.6	10		0.7	∆	6		0.3	410	7.1	-10		0.7	▼	#		†	‡	†	-2		0.3	▼	3	0.2	408	8.4	-2		0.4	▼
Scotland	71	1.1	498	3.9	-7		1.5	▼	25	1.0	473	4.8	13		1.3	∆	3		0.3	442	9.4	-6		0.7	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	#		†		#	†	‡	†	-1		0.2
United States	69	1.0	519	2.7	-10		1.4	▼	22	0.9	496	4.0	10		1.3	∆	6		0.4	468	4.5	-2	!	0.6	▼	3		0.2	461	6.6	1	!	0.3		1	0.1	‡	†	#		†
Norway	67	1.2	477	2.3	‡		†		30	1.2	459	2.3	8		1.9	∆	1		0.2	‡	†	-3		0.5	▼	#		†	‡	†	-1		0.2		1	0.1	‡	†	-1		0.2

Singapore	67	1.0	609	3.6	-12		1.2	▼	25	0.8	579	4.5	11		1.0	∆	5		0.4	503	7.7	#		†		2		0.2	‡	†	1	!	0.3		#	†	‡	†	#		†
Hungary	67	1.1	531	3.6	6	!	1.8	∆	21	0.9	511	4.0	13		1.3	∆	10		0.7	456	6.0	-16		1.3	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	-1	!	0.4		1	0.2	‡	†	-2		0.5	▼
Sweden	67	1.4	498	2.4	-11		1.9	▼	31	1.4	485	2.7	14		1.9	∆	1		0.1	‡	†	-2		0.4	▼	#		†	‡	†	-1		0.2		1	0.1	‡	†	-1	!	0.3
Qatar	65	0.5	323	1.8	—		†		23	0.5	290	2.9	—		†		8		0.3	265	4.7	—		†		2		0.2	‡	†	—		†		2	0.2	‡	†	—		†
Kuwait	63	1.0	363	2.7	—		†		26	1.0	349	3.4	—		†		6		0.5	322	6.2	—		†		3		0.3	308	10.2	—		†		2	0.2	‡	†	—		†

Japan	58	1.6	585	2.5	3		2.0		23	1.5	572	4.6	7		1.9	∆	17		0.9	532	4.2	-10		1.2	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	#		†		1	0.2	‡	†	#		†
Italy	54	1.9	490	3.3	16		2.7	∆	36	1.9	478	3.0	‡		†		2		0.3	‡	†	-7		0.7	▼	#		†	‡	†	-5		0.4	▼	8	0.5	433	6.4	‡		†
Jordan	53	1.5	451	3.7	17		2.1	∆	14	1.2	418	6.8	5		1.4	∆	26		1.4	392	5.8	-18		2.0	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	-6		0.8	▼	5	0.5	422	9.1	‡		†
Slovenia	51	1.5	511	2.6	1		2.1		46	1.5	495	2.4	12		2.3	∆	2		0.2	‡	†	-6		0.8	▼	1		0.1	‡	†	-3		0.4	▼	1	0.1	‡	†	-4		0.4	▼
Israel	50	2.0	476	4.0	-22		2.7	▼	43	2.1	471	5.3	25		2.6	∆	4		0.6	391	13.8	-2	!	0.8	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	-1		0.3		1	0.2	‡	†	1	!	0.3

Lebanon	50	2.3	473	4.3	11		2.7	∆	27	2.1	434	6.6	11		2.5	∆	11		1.4	430	5.7	-10		2.4	▼	7		1.1	418	7.0	-6		1.6	▼	4	0.8	424	9.1	-5	!	1.5	▼
Palestinian Nat'l Auth.	48	1.5	387	4.1	23		2.1	∆	16	1.2	352	5.3	‡		†		26		1.2	350	5.4	-7		2.0	▼	3		0.3	348	9.1	-10		1.1	▼	7	0.8	366	8.1	-3	!	1.2	▼
Bosnia and Herzegovina	46	1.3	471	2.8	—		†		25	1.3	463	4.4	—		†		22		1.0	426	4.2	—		†		4		0.4	444	6.5	—		†		3	0.3	429	7.5	—		†
Russian Federation	41	2.0	536	4.3	29		2.3	∆	21	1.8	509	6.3	‡		†		25		1.9	487	4.8	‡		†		8		1.0	499	6.6	-13		1.5	▼	5	1.0	484	11.7	-15		2.0	▼
Oman	38	1.9	391	4.6	—		†		27	1.7	378	3.9	—		†		18		1.3	349	6.5	—		†		3		0.4	354	8.2	—		†		14	1.1	364	6.6	—		†

Serbia	36	1.7	507	4.6	21		2.2	∆	40	1.8	491	4.2	17		2.4	∆	14		1.0	450	6.0	-9		2.2	▼	5		0.6	457	7.5	-14		1.3	▼	4	0.5	443	6.7	-15		1.2	▼
Bahrain	36	0.9	415	2.5	5	!	1.7	∆	50	1.0	397	2.1	5	!	1.7	∆	5		0.4	348	7.4	-3		0.5	▼	2		0.3	‡	†	-7		0.6	▼	6	0.4	389	5.9	#		†
Syrian Arab Republic	36	1.3	405	4.1	—		†		14	0.9	399	6.0	—		†		34		1.5	384	5.0	—		†		2		0.2	‡	†	—		†		14	1.1	405	5.8	—		†
Lithuania	33	1.8	514	3.1	7	!	2.3	∆	49	1.8	517	3.1	27		2.3	∆	9		0.7	466	5.1	-25		1.8	▼	4		0.4	475	7.2	-8		1.1	▼	5	0.4	460	6.6	#		†
Korea, Rep. of	31	1.5	613	3.1	‡		†		64	1.6	596	3.1	‡		†		1		0.1	‡	†	#		†		2		0.2	‡	†	#		†		2	0.3	‡	†	2		0.3	∆

Romania	30	1.9	482	6.0	15		2.6	∆	37	2.3	477	5.1	22		2.6	∆	18		1.7	436	8.6	-8	!	2.7	▼	8		0.8	438	7.5	-16		1.6	▼	7	1.3	419	7.5	-13		2.2	▼
Malaysia	30	2.0	508	5.5	‡		†		29	1.7	489	6.8	‡		†		23		1.4	445	5.9	‡		†		10		0.9	448	4.6	‡		†		8	0.8	428	7.1	-3	!	1.4	▼
Thailand	29	1.4	491	8.2	—		†		8	0.6	483	10.3	—		†		50		1.6	419	4.7	—		†		4		0.5	432	9.4	—		†		9	0.9	397	6.8	—		†
Turkey	26	1.3	486	6.6	—		†		12	1.0	449	8.9	—		†		46		1.9	414	4.5	—		†		13		1.2	401	8.5	—		†		4	0.7	366	7.9	—		†
Egypt	23	1.0	403	4.9	5		1.2	∆	19	0.9	402	4.8	13		1.0	∆	41		1.5	379	4.9	-20		2.0	▼	10		0.7	404	5.8	2	!	0.9	∆	7	0.5	406	6.2	#		†

Colombia	21	1.3	420	4.8	—		†		10	0.9	404	6.2	—		†		48		1.7	365	3.9	—		†		12		0.9	380	4.6	—		†		9	0.8	346	7.4	—		†
Bulgaria	21	1.7	478	8.8	16		1.9	∆	47	1.5	482	4.9	25		2.0	∆	17		1.2	433	11.3	8		1.6	∆	8		0.7	436	9.3	-32		1.9	▼	7	0.7	435	9.9	-17		1.8	▼
Saudi Arabia	18	1.7	331	6.0	†		†		51	1.6	338	3.3	†		†		7		0.7	298	7.1	†		†		3		0.4	309	8.1	†		†		20	1.0	327	4.2	†		†
Ukraine	16	1.4	503	7.5	—		†		32	1.8	481	4.1	—		†		22		1.7	445	5.6	—		†		19		1.0	451	4.7	—		†		11	0.9	422	5.8	—		†
Indonesia	14	1.2	450	8.6	7		1.9	∆	2	0.3	‡	†	#		†		66		2.5	400	3.8	35		4.1	∆	3		0.4	385	12.8	-16		1.3	▼	15	2.0	367	6.5	-26		3.4	▼

Botswana²	13	0.8	389	5.6	8		1.1	∆	3	0.4	370	11.0	-2	!	0.6	▼	57		1.6	372	2.3	34		2.9	∆	2		0.2	‡	†	-3		0.5	▼	25	1.4	339	3.8	-36		2.9	▼
El Salvador	13	1.3	384	5.5	—		†		12	0.8	352	6.0	—		†		27		2.2	340	4.2	—		†		21		1.4	339	4.7	—		†		28	1.9	327	2.6	—		†
Ghana	11	1.0	317	12.8	‡		†		13	1.0	312	8.8	4	!	1.2	∆	20		1.7	300	8.6	‡		†		14		1.0	326	6.1	-12		1.8	▼	42	2.5	314	5.9	8	!	3.5	∆
Armenia	10	0.8	502	6.0	3	!	1.1	∆	30	1.3	506	7.2	16		1.5	∆	21		1.9	496	6.0	6	!	2.7	∆	19		1.1	502	4.6	#		†		20	1.2	491	4.3	-25		2.5	▼
Georgia	6	1.1	427	11.3	—		†		20	1.4	413	8.9	—		†		17		2.2	394	9.2	—		†		12		1.1	420	9.5	—		†		44	2.6	419	8.4	—		†

Algeria	6	0.7	378	4.3	—		†		27	1.5	395	2.8	—		†		6		0.8	372	5.5	—		†		11		0.8	394	4.0	—		†		49	1.9	387	2.6	—		†
Iran, Islamic Rep. of	4	1.0	515	16.7	‡		†		30	1.8	437	6.1	13		2.2	∆	2	!	0.7	‡	†	‡		†		7		0.6	408	6.8	-5		1.0	▼	57	2.1	380	3.8	-11		2.7	▼
Tunisia	3	0.5	400	6.7	-2	!	0.7	▼	39	1.9	442	3.1	19		2.4	∆	7		0.7	382	4.5	-8		1.7	▼	18		0.9	416	3.3	-5		1.4	▼	32	1.5	414	2.3	‡		†
Morocco³	20	1.3	402	6.4	†		†		24	1.5	390	5.0	—		†		19		1.5	367	5.4	†		†		19		1.5	380	5.8	†		†		18	1.7	369	4.6	†		†

Benchmarking Participants
Ontario, Canada	80	1.3	522	3.7	-5	!	1.7	▼	17	1.4	506	5.7	6		1.7	∆	1	!	0.3	‡	†	-2	!	0.6	▼	1		0.2	‡	†	#		†		#	†	‡	†	#		†
Minnesota, US	79	1.5	539	4.5	—		†		15	1.3	522	5.4	—		†		4		0.5	487	12.0	—		†		2		0.4	‡	†	—		†		#	†	‡	†	—		†
Massachusetts, US	71	1.6	556	4.2	—		†		25	1.7	536	5.4	—		†		2		0.4	‡	†	—		†		2		0.3	‡	†	—		†		#	†	‡	†	—		†
Basque Country, Spain	67	2.2	503	3.5	‡		†		27	2.1	501	4.4	11		2.8	∆	3		0.4	451	9.1	-8		0.9	▼	2		0.3	‡	†	‡		†		1	0.2	‡	†	#		†
Dubai, UAE	66	1.2	477	3.1	—		†		28	1.4	449	3.6	—		†		3		0.5	409	9.6	—		†		1	!	0.3	‡	†	—		†		2	0.2	‡	†	—		†
																													‡
British Columbia, Canada	65	1.4	513	2.9	—		†		32	1.3	511	4.6	—		†		2		0.3	‡	†	—		†		1		0.2	‡	†	—		†		1	0.1	‡	†	—		†
Quebec, Canada	61	1.8	541	4.0	-9		2.6	▼	34	1.7	516	3.7	12		2.5	∆	3		0.4	488	7.4	-3		0.7	▼	1	!	0.3	‡	†	#		†		1	0.2	‡	†	#		†
† Not applicable.
# Rounds to zero.
! Interpret data with caution, estimates are unstable. The coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to .3 but less than .5.
‡ Reporting standards not met. Either data is insufficient to report achievement or the coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to .5.
∆ 2007 percent significantly higher.
▼ 2007 percent significantly lower.
¹Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China.
²Data are available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of students.
³Did not satisfy sample guidelines for participation.
NOTE: Differences are significant at the p<0.05 level. Standard error is noted by s.e.
SOURCE: Data from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2007. Mullis, I.V.S., Martin, M.O., and Foy, P. (2008). TIMSS 2007 International Mathematics Report: Findings from IEA's Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study at the Fourth and Eighth Grades, exhibit 4.6. Chestnut Hill, MA: Boston College

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National Center for Education Statistics - http://nces.ed.gov
U.S. Department of Education

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