IEA: Percentage distribution of fourth-grade students as reported in PIRLS, by teacher reports of specialist availability and country: 2006

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Table C.2.13.

IEA: Percentage distribution of fourth-grade students as reported in PIRLS, by teacher reports of specialist availability and country: 2006

Countries	Percentage of students in classrooms with
	Remedial reading specialist available										Other specialists available								No access to
	Always				Sometimes			Never			Always			Sometimes			Never		any specialist
	Percent			s.e.	Percent		s.e.	Percent		s.e.	Percent		s.e.	Percent		s.e.	Percent	s.e.	Percent			s.e.
International Avg.	12			0.4	28		0.5	60		0.5	9		0.3	33		0.5	58	0.5	41			0.5

Austria	‡			†	21		2.6	77		2.7	2	!	0.8	44		3.3	53	3.3	45			3.3
Belgium (Flemish)	18			3.1	61		4.4	20		3.4	7		2.0	37		3.9	56	4.1	15			3.0
Belgium (French)	3	!		1.3	14		2.4	82		2.8	17		2.4	53		4.2	30	4.0	24			3.8
Bulgaria	4	!		1.4	7	!	2.3	89		2.7	7	!	2.1	24		3.4	69	3.6	62			3.7
Canada, Alberta	13			2.7	44		4.0	42		3.7	5	!	1.7	70		3.9	26	3.6	15			2.7

Canada, British Columbia	23		¹	3.3	58		4.0	19		3.3	9	!	2.7	70		3.9	14	3.3	‡			†
Canada, Nova Scotia	25			3.1	61		3.4	14		2.6	9		2.2	80		3.3	11	2.6	3	!		1.1
Canada, Ontario	17			3.9	41		4.9	42		5.1	7	!	2.9	63		5.3	30	4.6	17			3.4
Canada, Quebec	5	!		1.6	40		4.5	56		4.8	15		3.0	69		4.3	16	3.3	7			2.0
Chinese Taipei	7	!		2.1	21		3.6	73		3.8	‡		1.2	12		2.6	86	2.7	69			3.9

Denmark	30			3.2	65		3.1	5	!	1.7	5	!	2.1	53		3.9	42	3.6	4	!		1.5
England	24			3.7	60		4.5	16		3.0	‡		1.1	62		3.8	36	3.9	8			1.9
France	6			1.4	33		3.2	61		3.5	‡		0.6	12		2.7	87	2.8	50			3.7
Georgia	6	!		1.9	23		3.7	70		4.1	3	!	1.2	40		4.4	58	4.5	50			4.9
Germany	5	!		1.6	35		3.4	59		3.6	3	!	1.1	11		2.2	86	2.4	58			3.7

Hong Kong SAR	‡			†	4	!	1.3	94		1.7	‡		0.9	6	!	2.1	93	2.3	89			2.7
Hungary	8			2.2	15		3.0	77		3.4	22		3.6	43		3.6	35	3.8	29			3.8
Iceland	35			0.4	59		0.4	6		0.1	7		0.2	40		0.4	53	0.4	5			0.1
Indonesia	15			2.6	23		3.5	62		3.7	2	!	0.9	10		2.8	89	3.0	63			3.9
Iran, Islamic Rep. of	4	!		1.5	13		2.6	83		3.2	#		0.0	6	!	1.9	94	1.9	82			3.5

Israel	36			4.0	41		4.0	24		3.4	‡		0.9	29		3.9	68	3.9	22			3.3
Italy	#			†	5	!	1.7	95		1.7	‡		0.9	6	!	1.9	92	2.2	89			2.7
Kuwait	3	!		1.4	7	!	2.3	90		2.7	5	!	1.9	18		2.9	77	3.3	73		¹	3.7
Latvia	13			2.7	16		2.8	71		3.3	39		4.0	41		4.4	20	3.4	16			3.1
Lithuania	7			1.7	16		2.1	77		2.7	44		3.1	45		3.3	11	2.0	10			1.8

Luxembourg	11			0.1	21		0.1	68		0.2	3		0.1	10		0.1	87	0.1	62			0.2
Macedonia, Rep. of	5	!		1.7	9		2.5	86		3.0	12		2.8	48		4.0	41	3.8	37			4.0
Moldova, Rep. of	5	!		1.5	8		2.3	87		2.6	3	!	1.1	13		2.8	84	3.0	74			3.6
Morocco	1			0.1	6		1.7	93		1.7	‡		0.9	‡		†	98	1.2	91			2.1
Netherlands	29			4.0	57		4.5	14		3.0	1		0.0	35		4.3	64	4.4	12			2.9

New Zealand	27			2.4	40		3.1	33		2.7	11		1.8	60		3.2	28	2.9	16			2.2
Norway	7	!		2.5	42		4.4	51		4.1	3	!	1.4	51		5.1	46	4.8	30			4.3
Poland	26			3.6	26		3.1	48		3.6	23		3.4	61		4.1	15	2.8	8			1.8
Qatar	6		²	0.1	7		0.2	86		0.2	12		0.2	14		0.2	74	0.3	71		²	0.3
Romania	3	!		1.1	13		2.4	84		2.6	4	!	1.4	22		3.2	74	3.4	66			3.8

Russian Federation	15			2.3	22		2.5	63		3.3	27		3.1	49		3.4	24	2.9	24			3.2
Scotland	18			3.2	36		4.5	46		4.4	10	!	3.2	72		4.1	18	3.2	8	!		2.5
Singapore	7			1.5	14		1.7	79		2.0	5		1.3	18		2.5	77	2.5	69			2.5
Slovak Republic	5			1.4	19		2.8	76		2.9	12		2.4	50		3.9	38	3.5	37			3.5
Slovenia	18			2.5	56		3.2	27		2.9	15		2.5	52		3.2	32	3.3	10			1.8

South Africa	10			1.7	13		1.9	77		2.5	4	!	1.3	10		1.8	86	2.1	74			2.6
Spain	27			3.5	59		4.1	14		3.0	19		2.7	51		3.9	31	3.6	6	!	¹	2.0
Sweden	8			2.0	80		3.0	13		2.6	4	!	1.5	53		4.0	43	4.0	9			2.0
Trinidad and Tobago	5	!		1.9	10		2.4	85		2.9	‡		0.9	6	!	1.8	93	2.0	82			2.9
United States	34			4.2	37		4.2	29		2.9	27		2.9	60		3.4	13	2.3	8			1.9

† Not applicable.

# Rounds to zero.

! Interpret data with caution, estimates are unstable. The coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to .3 but less than .5.

‡ Reporting standards not met. The coefficient of variation is greater than or equal to .5.

¹ Data are available for at least 70 percent but less than 85 percent of students.

²Data are available for at least 50 percent but less than 70 percent of students.

NOTE: Background data provided by teachers. Remedial Reading Specialist Available indicates that a specialist was available either in the classroom or in a remedial reading classroom. The International Average does not include the results from the Canadian provinces. Standard error is noted by s.e.

SOURCE: Data from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), 2006. Mullis, I.V.S., Martin, M.O., Kennedy, A.M., and Foy, P. (2007). PIRLS 2006 International Report, exhibit 5.18. Chestnut Hill, MA: Boston College.