IEA: Percentage of eighth-grade students, by their science teachers' participation in professional development over the prior 2 years and jurisdiction: 2007

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Table C.2.12b.	IEA: Percentage of eighth-grade students, by their science teachers' participation in professional development over the prior 2 years and jurisdiction: 2007

Jurisdiction	Science content	s.e		Science pedagogy/ instruction	s.e		Science curriculum	s.e		Integrating information technology into science	s.e		Improving students' critical thinking or inquiry skills	s.e		Science assessment	s.e
International average	58	0.5		57	0.5		51	0.5		45	0.5		46	0.5		47	0.5

Algeria	48	3.2	¹	60	3.2	¹	47	3.5	¹	36	3.4	¹	50	3.6	¹	47	3.4	¹
Armenia	38	2.1		50	2.5		51	2.0		31	2.1		44	2.4		34	2.2
Australia	56	3.7		52	3.5		57	3.9		57	4.3		51	3.9		54	3.5
Bahrain	45	2.9		50	2.4		35	2.5		68	2.5		58	2.4		50	2.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	44	2.1		39	2.6		46	2.5		45	2.3		49	2.4		53	2.1

Botswana	22	3.9		15	2.7		13	2.8		18	3.1		26	3.5		33	3.6
Bulgaria	69	2.8		55	3.0		75	2.4		76	2.7		29	2.9		44	3.0
Chinese Taipei	78	3.7		70	3.9		80	3.4		73	3.8		40	4.2		48	4.3
Colombia	72	4.2		68	4.4		71	4.8		39	4.6		46	4.9		62	4.5
Cyprus	58	1.0	¹	67	0.8	¹	53	1.0	¹	68	1.0	¹	48	0.9	¹	40	1.0	¹

Czech Republic	61	2.4		43	2.3		30	2.7		55	2.7		31	2.3		22	2.5
Egypt	55	4.1		70	3.6		39	4.1		49	4.4		71	3.9		61	4.1
El Salvador	53	4.2		36	3.9		22	3.5		24	3.7		43	4.5		30	3.7
England	66	2.6		75	2.4		71	2.6		44	3.0		49	3.1		65	2.6
Georgia	44	3.1		48	3.2		58	2.7		36	3.5		68	3.2		71	3.3

Ghana	60	4.5		48	4.3		54	4.5		20	3.4		45	4.1		51	4.5
Hong Kong SAR²	79	4.3		78	3.5		75	4.0		56	4.3		69	4.0		56	4.5
Hungary	48	2.6		50	2.3		29	2.3		35	2.7		33	2.3		25	2.2
Indonesia	64	4.1		68	3.6		75	3.2		25	3.1		51	4.3		71	3.1
Iran, Islamic Rep. of	81	2.9		83	2.8		58	3.8		44	3.8		51	3.8		58	3.9

Israel	70	3.9		67	4.2		72	3.7		56	3.3		62	3.8		50	4.0
Italy	24	3.0		28	3.2		13	1.9		25	2.9		10	1.8		15	2.3
Japan	74	3.3		64	3.8		31	3.7		31	3.5		14	2.9		40	4.3
Jordan	58	4.2		78	3.4		66	4.0		59	3.8		74	3.7		54	4.2
Korea, Rep. of	69	3.2		49	3.9		34	3.4		29	3.4		38	4.0		36	3.9

Kuwait	53	4.8	¹	57	4.7	¹	33	4.6	¹	46	4.5	¹	47	4.4	¹	34	4.9	¹
Lebanon	57	3.4		59	3.4		52	3.7		42	4.1		58	3.6		64	3.7
Lithuania	75	1.9		68	1.9		66	2.2		69	2.2		51	2.4		62	2.0
Malaysia	66	3.7		46	4.0		66	3.9		60	4.6		38	3.9		49	3.9
Malta	37	0.3		28	0.3		34	0.3		38	0.3		26	0.3		28	0.3

Norway	31	3.3		29	3.0		28	3.3		15	2.7		9	2.0		7	1.8
Oman	53	4.3		45	4.5		46	4.4		20	3.5		27	3.9		61	3.9
Palestinian Nat'l Auth.	49	4.2		50	3.8		36	4.3		38	3.4		50	3.4		40	4.2
Qatar	52	0.2		68	0.1		45	0.2		55	0.1		47	0.2		48	0.1
Romania	58	2.5		54	2.4		47	2.6		67	2.6		50	2.7		54	2.7

Russian Federation	63	2.1		72	1.6		70	2.2		67	2.8		49	2.2		54	2.2
Saudi Arabia	41	4.0		55	3.9		21	3.8		30	3.7		44	4.2		31	4.4
Scotland	73	2.2	¹	84	2.0	¹	68	2.4	¹	64	2.1	¹	63	2.5	¹	57	2.3	¹
Serbia	63	2.4		33	2.2		20	2.2		50	2.5		45	2.3		6	1.1
Singapore	78	2.3		85	1.9		78	2.2		70	2.2		72	2.4		65	2.3

Slovenia	82	2.1		49	2.2		432	2.1		43	2.2		24	1.7		67	2.3
Sweden	43	3.3		29	2.5		36	2.6		10	1.9		20	2.4		37	3.1
Syrian Arab Republic	27	3.5		26	3.3		18	2.4		16	2.6		51	3.6		34	3.7
Thailand	91	2.5		85	3.1		82	3.2		70	3.4		80	3.1		81	3.3
Tunisia	64	4.1		78	3.5		76	3.8		54	4.3		41	4.2		55	4.6

Turkey	65	4.3		64	4.5		78	3.9		28	3.6		25	3.9		44	4.0
Ukraine	80	2.3		84	1.9		85	2.0		81	2.0		80	2.1		84	2.0
United States	82	*2.3*		64	*2.8*		82	*2.3*		70	*3.1*		73	*2.9*		61	*3.0*

Benchmarking jurisdictions
Basque Country, Spain	30	4.2		28	4.8		25	4.5		41	5.0		18	3.8		13	3.6
British Columbia, Canada	84	3.2	¹	56	3.9	¹	70	3.3	¹	55	4.0	¹	64	3.8	¹	42	4.5	¹
Dubai, UAE	58	3.8	³	68	3.3		64	3.1	³	67	3.9		75	3.6	³	69	4.2	³
Massachusetts, United States	85	5.3		76	6.8		90	4.3		72	6.3		69	7.4		61	7.1
Minnesota, United States	89	3.9		77	5.2		87	3.7		66	6.6		68	7.8		61	6.6

Ontario, Canada	44	4.0		32	4.7		40	4.3		36	4.4		45	5.3		22	3.9
Quebec, Canada	66	4.8		64	4.4		68	5.2		42	5.4		17	3.6		73	4.0

¹Data are available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of students.

²Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China.

³Data are available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of students.

NOTE: Background data provided by teachers. Participation in professional development activities must have occured within the past 2 years. Morocco participated in TIMSS 2007 but did not satisfy guidelines for sample participation rates and is therefore not shown. The international average is the average of the jurisdiction averages but does not include the Benchmarking jurisdictions. Benchmarking jurisdictions are subnational entities that followed the same international guidelines as countries to participate in TIMSS. Apparent differences may not be statistically significant. Standard error is noted by s.e.

SOURCE: Data from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2007. Mullis, I.V.S., Martin, M.O., and Foy, P. (2008). TIMSS 2007 International Science Report: Findings from IEA's Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study at the Fourth and Eighth Grades, exhibit 6.5. Chestnut Hill, MA: Boston College.