OECD: Percentage of tertiary qualifications awarded to women in tertiary-type A (academic higher education) and advanced research programs, by year, field of education, and country: 2000 and 2009

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Table B.3.23.

OECD: Percentage of tertiary qualifications awarded to women in tertiary-type A (academic higher education) and advanced research programs, by year, field of education, and country: 2000 and 2009

Country	2009														2000
Country	All fields	Education	Humanities and arts	Health and welfare	Social sciences, business and law	Services	Engineering, manufacturing and construction	Science		Life sciences	Physical sciences	Mathematics and statistics	Computing	Agriculture	All fields	Education	Humanities and arts	Health and welfare	Social sciences, business and law	Services	Engineering, manufacturing and construction	Science		Life sciences	Physical sciences	Mathematics and statistics		Computing	Agriculture
OECD average	58.0	76.8	65.8	74.8	57.5	54.0	26.3	40.6		63.4	43.8	45.8	19.2	52.2	53.7	73.5	65.0	68.3	52.1	43.4	22.6	40.3		60.1	39.9	42.3		23.4	42.8
OECD countries
Australia¹	56.2	74.0	64.1	75.6	53.4	54.0	24.8	37.1		55.2	49.5	37.7	19.6	57.2	56.5	74.8	67.0	75.9	51.9	54.8	21.5	41.1		54.8	33.9	37.2		26.4	43.7
Austria	54.2	80.3	65.6	67.1	57.6	38.7	25.5	33.3		68.5	31.4	37.7	17.5	62.2	46.2	72.1	59.1	59.1	49.3	36.6	18.0	32.9		60.8	24.0	33.1		10.6	51.6
Belgium	54.8	75.8	64.2	64.1	57.8	40.7	27.2	38.3		56.9	33.4	43.1	6.8	49.2	50.1	70.2	62.4	59.2	52.1	43.5	21.1	37.8		43.0	31.9	49.5		10.1	40.3
Canada¹	59.8	76.8	64.6	83.2	57.9	60.4	23.5	49.3		62.7	45.0	42.4	17.8	57.7	57.6	72.7	62.9	73.6	57.5	61.2	22.7	45.0		59.8	37.2	41.6		21.4	50.7
Chile	57.5	74.3	61.3	70.4	52.6	45.5	27.5	35.8		58.4	40.6	47.3	22.1	46.4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Czech Republic	59.0	78.5	69.7	81.1	66.0	42.4	25.6	39.0		70.5	49.1	51.9	13.3	57.6	50.9	74.9	63.7	70.1	55.5	27.0	27.2	25.1		59.3	40.6	48.0		7.0	38.4
Denmark	60.2	72.5	64.9	80.1	52.4	24.2	31.8	37.2		62.5	38.2	42.6	20.2	73.6	49.2	59.3	69.2	59.0	43.9	53.8	25.8	41.7		59.8	36.0	40.5		21.7	49.9
Estonia	68.7	92.1	79.6	84.0	71.4	68.8	37.6	50.4		74.8	47.6	72.9	28.8	53.4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Finland	62.7	83.6	74.0	85.6	68.0	77.6	22.8	46.0		76.4	48.4	47.8	27.0	59.1	58.1	82.2	73.9	83.8	64.4	71.6	18.6	45.8		69.4	42.0	45.7		30.4	45.7
France	54.0	74.6	72.2	59.3	59.5	42.3	28.8	38.4		62.8	38.8	38.6	16.5	54.4	56.1	69.4	74.5	60.0	60.7	41.8	23.8	43.2		58.6	36.9	42.1		19.3	54.4
Germany	55.1	72.5	73.3	68.4	52.1	55.9	22.3	43.8		66.6	42.8	62.7	15.6	53.4	44.9	70.9	67.2	56.2	41.8	58.0	19.6	31.6		54.6	26.5	42.1		10.5	46.5
Greece	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Hungary	65.0	78.7	74.7	80.4	70.4	59.9	24.2	35.0		66.2	44.8	45.6	19.5	50.3	55.1	71.9	68.9	70.4	54.3	30.8	20.5	31.3		52.5	37.6	29.7		15.6	41.7
Iceland	66.2	84.5	63.6	85.4	62.1	84.6	35.3	40.2		67.6	35.8	11.1	21.1	26.7	66.9	90.6	68.7	81.8	56.6	#	24.5	48.5		69.3	46.9	28.6		21.6	#
Ireland	59.5	74.2	65.5	83.1	55.1	54.3	21.2	44.1		57.6	41.5	46.7	23.4	51.3	56.7	78.2	65.0	74.8	56.1	66.0	23.6	48.2		60.5	44.4	39.9		40.8	40.7
Israel	57.4	83.3	60.2	77.8	55.1	76.1	24.2	46.8		63.0	45.1	44.1	24.6	56.4	59.9	87.7	69.1	67.6	55.9	—	23.7	42.5		67.2	34.0	33.8	²	—	48.0
Italy	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Japan	41.1	59.3	68.1	56.6	34.4	90.6	10.8	25.2	³	—	—	—	—	38.7	35.6	59.4	69.3	50.1	26.0	—	8.9	24.6	³	—	—	—		—	37.7
Korea	46.4	71.6	66.3	63.0	42.1	33.6	22.5	38.6		47.9	45.9	56.5	20.1	38.1	44.6	73.5	69.1	50.4	40.1	38.7	23.3	47.3		56.5	40.8	57.9		41.6	32.8
Luxembourg	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Mexico	54.8	72.0	58.9	64.1	58.8	59.7	28.3	42.8		58.5	55.6	42.8	36.4	34.8	51.6	65.6	60.4	60.6	55.0	55.1	22.2	46.0		51.8	57.4	45.8		42.7	25.1
Netherlands	56.5	81.1	56.7	75.2	52.4	53.4	18.7	21.1		58.0	25.3	31.1	10.2	51.7	54.8	75.9	61.0	75.6	48.9	48.5	12.5	28.3		54.2	24.4	27.8		13.6	38.4
New Zealand	61.0	81.2	65.0	79.5	57.5	52.2	29.8	44.4		60.0	43.2	48.7	23.0	47.8	60.6	83.7	66.0	79.2	53.3	50.9	32.8	44.9		—	46.5	55.6		33.5	41.9
Norway	61.3	74.5	58.7	82.4	55.8	41.9	24.5	36.5		70.5	42.2	33.6	13.1	59.5	61.9	78.6	62.0	81.5	49.4	36.4	26.6	28.1		60.3	33.4	15.7		14.8	46.1
Poland	65.0	77.8	76.1	72.8	68.2	54.9	33.6	44.0		72.4	64.3	67.5	16.3	56.3	64.4	78.5	77.0	68.4	65.7	50.9	24.3	64.5		75.4	61.8	79.0		29.0	57.1
Portugal	59.1	85.3	60.9	78.5	63.4	46.3	29.4	55.9		70.4	52.8	69.7	26.9	55.1	64.5	83.0	67.3	76.8	64.9	56.6	34.5	46.1		69.5	58.9	60.8		31.2	57.6
Slovak Republic	64.2	78.2	66.7	85.9	68.6	45.0	31.1	42.1		68.4	50.7	56.0	10.6	42.8	52.2	75.1	55.8	69.4	56.4	28.8	29.8	30.2		74.9	44.7	47.5		12.1	32.6
Slovenia	65.3	84.2	75.6	72.9	68.3	57.7	31.0	45.5		71.2	45.6	51.1	10.4	59.8	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Spain	59.9	78.7	64.5	75.9	60.7	58.2	33.9	41.5		67.3	53.4	53.1	19.7	50.2	58.5	77.1	64.3	76.3	59.6	59.9	27.0	46.5		62.8	50.1	55.9		23.9	45.7
Sweden	64.0	79.3	61.3	82.3	62.0	59.0	28.4	46.4		65.8	49.1	34.7	24.1	61.3	59.0	79.1	63.4	78.7	57.8	45.2	24.8	46.8		61.1	45.2	29.9		40.8	51.5
Switzerland	49.7	74.3	62.1	68.3	46.8	47.5	19.1	32.8		50.5	31.2	27.5	8.9	63.5	37.8	62.5	61.3	53.9	33.6	44.5	11.2	24.2		45.5	20.9	24.2		14.3	41.8
Turkey	46.0	54.6	60.1	62.6	42.4	32.6	26.7	44.3		61.9	41.7	46.4	23.3	34.9	41.0	43.3	48.3	53.1	39.8	28.0	24.2	47.0		60.9	45.0	46.4		23.3	36.9
United Kingdom	55.7	76.3	62.2	74.1	54.8	60.3	22.5	38.2		51.7	42.6	40.7	19.0	63.9	53.7	73.1	62.6	70.8	54.5	#	19.6	43.5		62.2	39.1	38.1		24.0	52.8
United States	57.6	77.7	58.9	79.3	54.2	55.3	21.4	43.5		58.6	39.3	41.9	20.8	49.7	56.5	75.8	60.8	75.0	54.2	40.2	21.2	44.4		57.1	37.3	45.2		29.3	48.9
Non-OECD member countries
Argentina¹	59.2	78.2	70.6	69.7	59.3	47.4	29.2	47.8		68.4	56.2	76.9	24.6	39.4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Brazil	62.9	79.7	58.2	75.2	55.7	70.7	28.8	40.4		70.7	44.6	44.0	17.9	39.6	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
China	46.7	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
India	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Indonesia	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Russian Federation	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
Saudi Arabia	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—
South Africa	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—

— Not available.

# Rounds to zero.

¹ Year of reference 2008.

² Mathematics and statistics includes data for Computing

³ Science includes data for life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics and statistics, and computing.

NOTE: Tertiary programs refer to post-secondary education and include both higher and vocational education/training. Apparent differences may not be statistically significant.

SOURCE: Data from Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2011). Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2011, table A4.3a. Paris: Author.