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| Table B.3.08. | Percentage of graduate degrees awarded in mathematics and science, by field and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2006 |
| All mathematics and science degrees1 | Natural sciences2 | Mathematics and computer science3 | Engineering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2006 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2006 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2006 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2006 | |||
| OECD average4 | — | — | — | 27.5 | 24.5 | 23.5 | — | — | — | 10.8 | 8.7 | 7.9 | — | — | — | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | — | — | — | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.5 | |||
| OECD countries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Australia | — | — | 14.0 | 15.2 | 20.0 | 21.4 | — | — | 5.4 | 4.0 | 3.1 | 2.7 | — | — | 3.8 | 4.9 | 8.7 | 10.6 | — | — | 4.7 | 6.3 | 8.1 | 8.0 | |||
| Austria | 43.3 | 37.7 | 38.8 | 39.2 | 38.6 | 43.0 | 14.2 | 12.3 | 17.5 | 16.7 | 15.0 | 14.4 | 7.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 12.0 | 21.7 | 20.8 | 16.6 | 17.7 | 16.9 | 16.6 | |||
| Belgium (Flemish) | — | — | — | — | 18.7 | 19.7 | — | — | — | 12.7 | 9.3 | 9.6 | — | — | — | — | 3.3 | 3.7 | — | — | — | 7.0 | 6.2 | 6.4 | |||
| Canada | 19.7 | 20.0 | 22.3 | 22.4 | 18.8 | 25.3 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 9.4 | 8.8 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 9.8 | 13.9 | |||
| Czech Republic | (5) | (5) | — | 21.0 | 26.1 | 16.4 | (5) | (5) | — | 5.3 | 8.3 | 4.3 | (5) | (5) | — | 7.9 | 5.6 | 3.3 | (5) | (5) | — | 7.7 | 12.3 | 8.7 | |||
| Denmark | 16.0 | 22.2 | 12.3 | 27.8 | 23.4 | 22.2 | 4.1 | 5.8 | 3.1 | 9.8 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 2.7 | 4.8 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 9.2 | 8.0 | 9.2 | 11.6 | 7.8 | 15.4 | 6.7 | 7.2 | |||
| Finland | 47.6 | 30.6 | 28.3 | 28.7 | 30.5 | 33.8 | 24.0 | 14.7 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 12.4 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 17.2 | 10.5 | 12.7 | 14.9 | 14.8 | 16.9 | |||
| France | — | — | — | 26.4 | 28.4 | 26.6 | — | — | — | 13.5 | 12.5 | 10.1 | — | — | — | 5.6 | 7.0 | 6.5 | — | — | — | 7.3 | 8.9 | 10.1 | |||
| Germany6 | 27.7 | 33.2 | 38.6 | 38.1 | 30.9 | 31.3 | 18.7 | 23.5 | 25.5 | 24.9 | 14.8 | 14.0 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 11.3 | 11.7 | |||
| Greece | — | — | — | — | 42.8 | — | — | — | — | — | 22.3 | — | — | — | — | — | 5.3 | — | — | — | — | — | 15.2 | — | |||
| Hungary | — | — | — | 9.9 | 6.4 | 6.1 | — | — | — | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | — | — | — | 0.7 | 1.7 | 1.2 | — | — | — | 7.5 | 2.9 | 3.2 | |||
| Iceland | — | — | — | 35.9 | 23.0 | 14.8 | — | — | — | 19.4 | 9.5 | 7.0 | — | — | — | # | 3.0 | 1.9 | — | — | — | 16.5 | 10.5 | 5.9 | |||
| Ireland | 31.4 | 34.5 | 23.1 | 28.1 | 16.8 | — | 18.9 | 19.5 | 10.9 | 6.9 | 4.1 | — | 2.6 | 5.8 | 3.0 | 15.2 | 6.3 | — | 9.9 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 6.1 | |||
| Italy | — | — | — | 11.7 | 15.9 | 18.2 | — | — | — | 0.3 | 3.5 | 4.8 | — | — | — | 5.8 | 3.5 | 2.0 | — | — | — | 5.7 | 8.9 | 11.3 | |||
| Japan | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9.5 | 9.5 | 10.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 40.5 | 45.1 | 44.4 | 41.9 | 38.0 | 36.9 | |||
| Korea, Republic of | — | — | — | 48.4 | 43.9 | 41.6 | — | — | — | 8.5 | 9.5 | 9.2 | — | — | — | 5.7 | 2.0 | 1.8 | — | — | — | 34.3 | 32.4 | 30.6 | |||
| Mexico | — | — | — | 31.4 | 14.7 | 14.0 | — | — | — | 18.9 | 3.3 | 3.2 | — | — | — | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3.6 | — | — | — | 8.4 | 8.2 | 7.2 | |||
| Netherlands | — | 28.9 | 18.6 | — | 18.2 | 14.7 | 20.6 | 17.7 | 4.4 | — | 4.1 | 3.2 | — | 1.5 | 3.7 | — | 2.3 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 9.7 | 10.6 | 1.2 | 11.9 | 8.9 | |||
| New Zealand | 45.1 | 22.6 | 16.7 | 20.5 | 16.6 | 15.0 | 24.6 | 13.8 | 12.7 | 11.6 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 5.2 | 4.0 | 15.1 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 7.5 | 4.2 | 3.3 | |||
| Norway | 40.1 | 33.4 | 38.3 | 22.0 | 25.8 | 26.1 | 17.9 | 8.0 | 8.7 | 14.9 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 4.6 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 18.7 | 23.3 | 27.7 | 2.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | |||
| Poland | — | — | — | 3.3 | 8.7 | 9.8 | — | — | — | 0.7 | 1.5 | 2.6 | — | — | — | 0.7 | 3.7 | 3.1 | — | — | — | 1.9 | 3.5 | 4.1 | |||
| Portugal | — | — | — | 39.3 | 33.8 | 35.8 | — | — | — | 11.7 | 12.0 | 12.9 | — | — | — | 9.4 | 10.0 | 10.4 | — | — | — | 18.2 | 11.9 | 12.5 | |||
| Slovak Republic | (5) | (5) | — | 38.1 | 36.8 | 34.3 | (5) | (5) | — | 12.6 | 10.8 | 9.2 | (5) | (5) | — | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.2 | (5) | (5) | — | 20.9 | 21.8 | 21.0 | |||
| Spain | 35.6 | 26.9 | 36.0 | 36.1 | 37.5 | 26.1 | 28.6 | 19.7 | 24.8 | 23.9 | 23.8 | 17.8 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 4.1 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 9.1 | 5.1 | |||
| Sweden | 48.0 | 48.5 | 32.3 | 40.5 | 23.7 | 30.3 | 21.2 | 19.4 | 9.2 | 14.3 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 6.8 | 9.2 | 5.9 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 20.0 | 19.9 | 17.1 | 22.2 | 12.9 | 17.7 | |||
| Switzerland | 30.7 | 30.2 | 40.1 | 42.7 | 32.0 | 31.0 | 20.3 | 22.0 | 25.8 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 12.9 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 4.1 | 19.5 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 10.1 | 11.6 | 16.9 | 14.9 | |||
| Turkey | 35.8 | 24.0 | — | 25.7 | 21.4 | 20.1 | 6.6 | 7.6 | — | 7.6 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 2.8 | 3.3 | — | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 26.3 | 13.2 | — | 15.2 | 11.2 | 11.0 | |||
| United Kingdom | — | — | — | 21.7 | 20.3 | 20.1 | — | — | — | 7.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | — | — | — | 5.0 | 5.7 | 5.3 | — | — | — | 9.2 | 9.0 | 9.3 | |||
| United States | 13.5 | 14.5 | 13.8 | 13.0 | 13.5 | 13.1 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.4 | |||
| Non-OECD countries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brazil | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| Chile | — | — | — | — | 8.5 | 8.7 | — | — | — | — | 2.2 | 3.2 | — | — | — | — | 1.6 | 1.2 | — | — | — | — | 4.6 | 4.2 | |||
| Estonia | (5) | (5) | — | — | 23.9 | 22.3 | (5) | (5) | — | — | 10.0 | 10.3 | (5) | (5) | — | — | 5.0 | 5.0 | (5) | (5) | — | — | 8.9 | 7.0 | |||
| Israel | — | — | — | 18.1 | 17.9 | 19.5 | — | — | — | 9.2 | 8.9 | 9.6 | — | — | — | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.5 | — | — | — | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.5 | |||
| Russian Federation | (5) | (5) | — | — | — | — | (5) | (5) | — | — | — | — | (5) | (5) | — | — | — | — | (5) | (5) | — | — | — | — | |||
| Slovenia | (5) | (5) | — | — | 24.2 | 20.4 | (5) | (5) | — | — | 6.4 | 5.6 | (5) | (5) | — | — | 4.2 | 4.4 | (5) | (5) | — | — | 13.6 | 10.5 | |||
| — Not available. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| # Rounds to zero. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1Includes life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics/statistics, computer science, and engineering. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2Includes life sciences and physical sciences. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3Includes mathematics/statistics and computer science. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4Refers to the mean of the data values for all reporting OECD countries, to which each country reporting data contributes equally. The average is omitted for years in which less than 75 percent of the countries reported data. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5Country did not exist in its current form in the given year. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6Data for 1985 are for the former West Germany. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Data in this table refer to degrees classified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) level 5A, second award, and as ISCED 6. ISCED 5A, second award, corresponds to master's and first-professional degrees in the United States, and ISCED 6 corresponds to doctor's degrees. Data for Luxembourg are not shown because tertiary students study for only 1 year in Luxembourg. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: Data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Snyder, T.D., and Dillow, S.A. (2010). Digest of Education Statistics 2009 (NCES 2010-013), table 415. National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S Department of Education. Washington, DC. |
