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| Table 7. Percentage distribution of children participating in regular nonparental early care and education, by primary type of arrangement and child and family characteristics: 2005–06 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Home-based | Center-based | Multiple arrange- ments |
No regular non-parental arrange- ment |
||||||||
| Relative care | Non-relative care | Center-based, non-Head Start | Head Start | |||||||||
| Total | 13.1 | 7.6 | 44.8 | 12.7 | 1.9 | 20.0 | ||||||
| Child's sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | 13.1 | 7.5 | 45.1 | 12.9 | 2.1 | 19.3 | ||||||
| Female | 13.1 | 7.6 | 44.5 | 12.4 | 1.7 | 20.7 | ||||||
| Child's race/ethnicity1 | ||||||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 11.0 | 9.2 | 53.3 | 6.8 | 1.9 | 17.9 | ||||||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 13.9 | 4.3 | 37.1 | 25.4 | 3.3 | 16.0 | ||||||
| Hispanic | 15.9 | 6.2 | 30.9 | 18.6 | 1.2 | 27.2 | ||||||
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 16.0 | 3.4 | 55.3 | 5.5 | 2.3 | ! | 17.5 | |||||
| American Indian and Alaska Native, non-Hispanic | 14.0 | 5.3 | 28.5 | 31.1 | 1.1 | ! | 20.0 | |||||
| Other, non-Hispanic | 18.8 | 9.1 | 40.4 | 11.9 | 1.7 | ! | 18.0 | |||||
| Plurality2 | ||||||||||||
| Singleton | 13.2 | 7.5 | 44.7 | 12.6 | 1.9 | 20.0 | ||||||
| Twin | 9.2 | 9.0 | 48.0 | 13.1 | 2.1 | 18.6 | ||||||
| Higher order (e.g., triplet) | 14.5 | 3.2 | 55.2 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 20.5 | ||||||
| Birth weight | ||||||||||||
| Normal birth weight (more than 5.5 pounds) | 13.1 | 7.6 | 45.0 | 12.5 | 1.9 | 20.0 | ||||||
| Moderately low birth weight (more than 3.3 to 5.5 pounds) | 13.5 | 7.5 | 42.6 | 14.2 | 2.2 | 20.0 | ||||||
| Very low birth weight (3.3 pounds or less) | 13.6 | 6.6 | 44.4 | 14.3 | 2.4 | 18.6 | ||||||
| Family type, preschool round3 | ||||||||||||
| Two parent | 11.1 | 7.8 | 47.6 | 10.2 | 1.6 | 21.7 | ||||||
| Single parent | 19.9 | 7.2 | 35.6 | 20.6 | 3.0 | 13.8 | ||||||
| Other | 16.2 | 3.1 | ! | 37.9 | 19.5 | 1.8 | ! | 21.5 | ||||
| Socioeconomic status, preschool round4 | ||||||||||||
| Lowest 20 percent | 15.0 | 5.0 | 22.4 | 24.7 | 2.3 | 30.5 | ||||||
| Middle 60 percent | 15.0 | 7.4 | 43.7 | 12.5 | 1.8 | 19.6 | ||||||
| Highest 20 percent | 5.5 | 10.7 | 70.6 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 10.3 | ||||||
| Mother's employment status, preschool round | ||||||||||||
| Full time (35 hours or more) | 18.5 | 13.4 | 46.1 | 11.4 | 2.1 | 8.5 | ||||||
| Part time (Less than 35 hours) | 15.9 | 8.5 | 49.2 | 10.1 | 2.9 | 13.4 | ||||||
| Looking for work | 12.6 | 2.1 | ! | 30.4 | 24.3 | 2.0 | ! | 28.5 | ||||
| Not in labor force | 4.6 | 1.5 | 43.7 | 13.7 | 1.0 | 35.6 | ||||||
| No mother in household | 36.0 | 9.5 | ! | 26.7 | 14.4 | ! | 3.8 | ! | 9.6 | ! | ||
| ! Interpret with caution. Standard error is more than one third as large as estimate.
1 Black, non-Hispanic includes African American. Hispanic includes Latino. Other, non-Hispanic includes Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islanders and children of more than one race. 2 Plurality is divided into singletons (one baby), twins (two babies), and higher order births (three or more babies). Since higher order births comprise about 0.2 percent of the ECLS-B sample, estimates for higher order births are not presented in this table. 3 Two parent includes biological mother and biological father; biological mother and other father; biological father and other mother; and two adoptive parents. Single parent refers to biological mother only; biological father only; and single adoptive parent. Other refers to related and/or unrelated guardians. 4 Socioeconomic status (SES) is a measure of social standing. This SES variable reflects the socioeconomic status of the household at the time of the preschool parent interview, in 2005. The components used to create the measure of SES were as follows: father/male guardian’s education; mother/female guardian’s education; father/male guardian’s occupation; mother/female guardian’s occupation; and household income. In this report, SES was collapsed first into quintiles, then into a 20 percent/60 percent/20 percent distribution by collapsing the middle three quintiles. NOTE: Estimates weighted by W3R0. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Primary care refers to the arrangement where the child spent the most hours. If a child spent equal time in each of two or more types of arrangements, primary care was coded as "multiple care arrangements." Children with no regular nonparental early care and education arrangement were coded as "no arrangement." For this presentation of primary care, Head Start refers to services received at a public or private school, religious center, or private home, as reported by the parent. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), Longitudinal 9-Month-Preschool Restricted-Use Data File (NCES 2008-024). | ||||||||||||
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