Table 14. Percentage of children from birth through age 5 and not yet in kindergarten enrolled in a weekly center-based program at a specified location, by child and family characteristics: 2005
Characteristic	Number of children (thousands)	Location of center-based care arrangement(s)1
		Church, synagogue, or other place of worship	Public school (K-12)	Private school (K-12)	Community center	Its own building	All other locations
Total	7,400	25	17	9	3	38	10
Child’s age
Less than 1 year	408	12	2	2!	1!	65	17
1-2 years	1,830	21	4	9	3	52	13
3-5 years	5,161	28	23	9	4	31	8
Child’s sex
Male	3,987	24	19	9	3	36	11
Female	3,412	27	15	9	3	41	7
Child’s race/ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic	4,310	33	13	9	3	36	9
Black, non-Hispanic	1,284	11	20	5	2	53	9
Hispanic	1,077	12	30	11	5	33	11
Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic	244	21	19	13	3!	36	9
Other race, non-Hispanic2	484	25	15	8	3!	35	17
Family type
Two parents	5,573	29	16	10	4	35	10
One parent	1,685	16	19	6	3	50	9
Nonparent guardian(s)	142	9	35	10!	†	35	10
Parents’ language spoken most at home3
Both/only parent(s) speak(s) English	6,677	27	15	8	3	40	10
One of two parents speaks English	138	9	35	12	9	33	†
No parent speaks English	584	12	36	15	6	23	9
Mother’s level of education4
Less than a high school	384	10	42	5	5	30	9
High school/GED	1,736	18	22	5	4	44	8
Vocational/technical or some college	1,975	28	16	8	2	38	12
Bachelor’s degree	1,958	31	13	13	4	35	8
Graduate or professional education   or degree	1,184	29	9	11	3	40	9
Mother’s school enrollment status4
Enrolled	1,187	20	12	8	3	48	12
Not enrolled	6,051	27	18	9	3	37	9
Mother’s employment status4
35 or more hours per week	3,398	18	14	9	2	50	10
Less than 35 hours per week	1,630	29	15	8	6	34	10
Looking for work	328	18	21	5	5!	41	10
Not in the labor force	1,883	38	22	9	4	21	8
Mother’s work shift4, 5
Regular shift	4,479	20	14	9	3	47	10
Variable shift	549	32	18	6	6	26	13
Neighborhood conditions6
Concern regarding neighborhood   health and safety conditions	1,089	20	19	12	3	34	14
No concern regarding neighborhood   health and safety conditions	6,311	26	17	8	3	39	9
Household income
$25,000 or less	1,715	17	24	4	3	44	9
$25,001 to $50,000	1,532	19	23	7	4	39	8
$50,001 to $75,000	1,516	29	15	8	4	37	11
$75,001 to $100,000	1,125	31	12	12	3	35	11
$100,001 or more	1,511	33	8	15	3	36	9
Poverty status7
At or above poverty threshold	6,073	27	16	10	4	37	10
Below poverty threshold	1,326	17	23	5	3	45	9
!Interpret data with caution; coefficient of variation is 50 percent or more. †Reporting standards not met. 1Center-based arrangements include day care centers, Head Start programs, preschools, prekindergartens, and other early childhood programs. 2"Other race, non-Hispanic" includes children who were multiracial and not of Hispanic ethnicity, or who were American Indian or Alaska Native, or were not Hispanic, White, Black, Asian, or Pacific Islander. 3Complete descriptions of the categories for parents’ language are as follows: (1) "Both/only parent(s) learned English as child(ren) or currently speak(s) English in the home," (2) "One of two parents learned English as a child or currently speaks English in the home," and (3) "No parent learned English as a child and both/only parent(s) currently speak(s) a non-English language in the home." 4Children without mothers living in the household are not included in estimates related to mother’s education, enrollment, employment status, or work shift. 5Work shifts were collapsed into two categories: regular and variable work shifts. A regular work shift is one with set hours. A variable shift is one that changes from days to evenings or nights regardless of whether the hours are set by the employer or the employee. 6Parents or guardians respond "yes" or "no" to the question: "Are there any conditions in your neighborhood that make you worried about the health or safety of ((CHILD)/any of the children) in your household?" 7Children are considered poor if they were living in households with incomes below the poverty threshold, which is a dollar amount determined by the federal government to meet the household’s needs, given its size and composition. NOTE: Estimates include all children from birth through 5 years of age, and not yet in kindergarten, with at least one weekly center-based care arrangement. Center-based arrangements include day care centers, Head Start programs, preschools, prekindergartens, and other early childhood programs. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2005).