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| Table 2. Percentage distribution of students from kindergarten through eighth grade with at least one weekly nonparental care arrangement whose parents reported various combinations of after-school arrangements, by type of arrangement and student and family characteristics: 2005 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Number of students (thousands) | One relative arrange- ment only |
One nonrelative arrange- ment only |
One school- or center- based program only |
One activity only, used for adult super- vision |
Self-care only | More than one nonparental arrange- ment of a single type1 |
Combination of nonparental arrange- ments (not including self-care)2 |
Self- care and other non- parental arrange- ments3 |
| Total | 17,012 | 18 | 7 | 23 | 6 | 17 | 7 | 17 | 22 |
| Student's grade | |||||||||
| K–2 | 5,073 | 23 | 12 | 32 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 16 | 17 |
| 3–5 | 5,651 | 19 | 7 | 27 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 21 | 25 |
| 6–8 | 6,288 | 12 | 3 | 12 | 8 | 37 | 5 | 13 | 23 |
| Student's sex | |||||||||
| Male | 9,049 | 17 | 7 | 24 | 5 | 18 | 7 | 16 | 22 |
| Female | 7,963 | 18 | 7 | 22 | 7 | 16 | 8 | 18 | 22 |
| Student's race/ethnicity | |||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 8,740 | 19 | 8 | 20 | 7 | 19 | 8 | 15 | 19 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 3,475 | 17 | 4 | 24 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 21 | 29 |
| Hispanic | 3,193 | 18 | 7 | 29 | 4 | 15 | 6 | 15 | 20 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic |
447 | 13 | 4 | 27 | 10 | 14 | 9 | 15 | 24 |
| Other race, non-Hispanic4 | 1,157 | 13 | 7 | 23 | 6 | 16 | 8 | 22 | 27 |
| Family type | |||||||||
| Two parents | 10,817 | 16 | 7 | 24 | 7 | 19 | 7 | 15 | 19 |
| One parent | 5,495 | 21 | 7 | 21 | 3 | 14 | 8 | 19 | 26 |
| Nonparent guardian(s) | 699 | 18 | 2 | 20 | 6 | 13 | 10 | 20 | 31 |
| Parents' language spoken most at home5 | |||||||||
| Both/only parent(s) speak(s) English | 15,257 | 18 | 7 | 22 | 6 | 17 | 8 | 18 | 23 |
| One of two parents speaks English | 398 | 17 | 2 | 24 | 9 | 15 | 2 | 14 | 30 |
| No parent speaks English | 1,357 | 17 | 4 | 33 | 6 | 20 | 5 | 10 | 15 |
| Mother's level of education6 | |||||||||
| Less than a high school diploma | 1,427 | 16 | 5 | 30 | 3 | 22 | 5 | 10 | 18 |
| High school/GED | 4,868 | 21 | 5 | 21 | 7 | 17 | 8 | 14 | 21 |
| Vocational/technical or some college | 5,094 | 20 | 7 | 21 | 5 | 16 | 8 | 21 | 24 |
| Bachelor's degree | 2,786 | 13 | 9 | 26 | 8 | 15 | 8 | 16 | 22 |
| Graduate or professional degree | 1,997 | 12 | 8 | 27 | 6 | 16 | 7 | 19 | 23 |
| Mother's school enrollment status6 | |||||||||
| Enrolled | 2,336 | 19 | 7 | 26 | 4 | 16 | 8 | 17 | 20 |
| Not enrolled | 13,836 | 18 | 7 | 23 | 6 | 17 | 7 | 17 | 22 |
| Mother's employment status6 | |||||||||
| 35 or more hours per week | 9,945 | 20 | 8 | 21 | 4 | 15 | 7 | 20 | 25 |
| Less than 35 hours per week | 3,159 | 18 | 8 | 23 | 7 | 20 | 8 | 11 | 16 |
| Looking for work | 696 | 7 | 3 | 25 | 6 | 17 | 6 | 25 | 36 |
| Not in the labor force | 2,372 | 10 | 3 | 31 | 13 | 20 | 10 | 9 | 14 |
| Mother's work shift 6,7 | |||||||||
| Regular shift | 11,974 | 20 | 8 | 22 | 5 | 16 | 7 | 17 | 22 |
| Variable shift | 1,131 | 19 | 8 | 15 | 6 | 15 | 11 | 19 | 27 |
| Neighborhood conditions8 | |||||||||
| Concern regarding neighborhood health and safety conditions |
2,875 | 16 | 5 | 25 | 6 | 13 | 9 | 20 | 26 |
| No concern regarding neighborhood health and safety conditions |
14,137 | 18 | 7 | 23 | 6 | 18 | 7 | 16 | 21 |
| Household income | |||||||||
| $25,000 or less | 4,463 | 18 | 5 | 25 | 5 | 17 | 7 | 16 | 23 |
| $25,001 to $50,000 | 4,315 | 21 | 7 | 21 | 5 | 16 | 7 | 17 | 24 |
| $50,001 to $75,000 | 3,488 | 20 | 6 | 21 | 7 | 17 | 8 | 18 | 21 |
| $75,001 to $100,000 | 2,144 | 16 | 10 | 25 | 6 | 18 | 7 | 16 | 19 |
| $100,001 or more | 2,602 | 10 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 18 | 9 | 17 | 22 |
| Poverty status9 | |||||||||
| At or above poverty threshold | 13,536 | 18 | 7 | 22 | 6 | 17 | 8 | 17 | 22 |
| Below poverty threshold | 3,476 | 17 | 5 | 26 | 5 | 18 | 7 | 15 | 22 |
| 1 Estimates include more than one arrangement of a given type (e.g., two relative arrangements). | |||||||||
| 2 Estimates include any combination of relative care, nonrelative care, school- or center-based after-school programs, or activities used for supervision, but only one arrangement of a given type (e.g., one nonrelative after-school arrangement, one school- or center-based program, or activities used for supervision). Estimates do not include self-care. | |||||||||
| 3 Estimates include self-care in combination with one or more arrangements including relative care, nonrelative care, center-or school-based after-school programs, or activities used for supervision. | |||||||||
| 4 “Other race, non-Hispanic” includes children who were multiracial and not of Hispanic ethnicity, or who were American Indian or Alaska Native, or were not Hispanic, White, Black, Asian, or Pacific Islander. | |||||||||
| 5 Complete descriptions of the categories for parents' language are as follows: (1) “Both/only parent(s) learned English as child(ren) or currently speak(s) English in the home,” (2) “One of two parents learned English as a child or currently speaks English in the home,” and (3) “No parent learned English as a child and both/only parent(s) currently speak(s) a non-English language in the home.” | |||||||||
| 6 Students without mothers living in the household are not included in estimates related to mother's education, enrollment, employment status, or work shift. | |||||||||
| 7 Work shifts were collapsed into two categories: regular and variable work shifts. A regular work shift is one with set hours. A variable shift is one that changes from days to evenings or nights regardless of whether the hours are set by the employer or the employee. The number of hours worked was not considered in the creation of this variable. | |||||||||
| 8 Parents or guardians respond “yes” or “no” to the question: “Are there any conditions in your neighborhood that make you worried about the health or safety of ((CHILD)/any of the children) in your household?” | |||||||||
| 9 Students are considered poor if they were living in households with incomes below the poverty threshold, which is a dollar amount determined by the federal government to meet the household's needs, given its size and composition. | |||||||||
| NOTE: Estimates include students in kindergarten through eighth grade, not older than 15 years, not homeschooled, and with at least one weekly relative, nonrelative, school- or center-based after-school care arrangement, a weekly activity used for supervision, or self-care. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. | |||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, After-School Programs and Activities Survey of the 2005 National Household Education Surveys Program (ASPA NHES: 2005). | |||||||||
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