Public and Private School Principle in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1987-88 to 1993-94
Table B32.Standard errors for Table A32: Percentage of public school principals by sex and
race-ethnicity, by state: 1993-94
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Sex Race-ethnicity
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Total Am. Ind./ Asian/Pac. Black White Total Average
State principals Male Female AK Nat. Isl. non-Hispanic non-Hispanic Hispanic minority age
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Total 235.2 0.70 0.70 0.08 0.14 0.45 0.54 0.33 0.54 0.09
Alabama 12.5 2.50 2.50 0.80 0.00 2.81 2.98 0.95 2.98 0.39
Alaska 5.7 2.54 2.54 1.96 0.77 0.38 2.26 0.56 2.26 0.28
Arizona 7.3 3.87 3.87 0.56 0.69 1.49 3.21 3.23 3.21 0.43
Arkansas 8.5 3.56 3.56 0.00 2.69 2.93 0.00 2.93 0.54
California 73.7 3.50 3.50 0.08 1.29 2.18 2.74 2.31 2.74 0.52
Colorado 19.9 4.53 4.53 0.72 0.00 0.89 2.84 2.53 2.84 0.67
Connecticut 9.8 2.79 2.79 1.27 1.27 1.27 0.34
Delaware 2.0 3.88 3.88 0.00 0.00 3.42 3.42 0.00 3.42 0.46
Dist. Of
Columbia 4.5 5.26 5.26 0.00 1.71 0.00 0.00 0.57
Florida 30.7 2.56 2.56 0.00 2.04 2.66 1.85 2.66 0.41
Georgia 9.3 3.06 3.06 0.00 2.70 2.72 2.72 0.37
Hawaii 5.0 5.18 5.18 0.00 3.74 3.35 1.39 3.35 0.57
Idaho 10.1 3.28 3.28 0.00 0.00 0.78 0.65 0.78 0.61
Illinois 60.3 2.41 2.41 1.58 1.55 0.77 1.55 0.34
Indiana 18.3 3.98 3.98 0.00 2.36 2.58 1.52 2.58 0.51
Iowa 20.1 3.90 3.90 0.00 1.49 1.49 0.66
Kansas 8.5 2.64 2.64 0.00 1.29 1.43 0.55 1.43 0.73
Kentucky 28.2 3.31 3.31 0.00 1.34 1.80 1.80 0.60
Louisiana 6.0 2.79 2.79 0.00 0.00 2.31 2.33 0.68 2.33 0.31
Maine 8.3 4.70 4.70 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.77
Maryland 9.6 3.33 3.33 0.00 2.44 2.45 2.44 0.42
Massachusetts 21.8 2.90 2.90 0.00 1.42 1.82 1.82 0.43
Michigan 119.7 4.86 4.86 0.00 2.69 2.70 0.00 2.70 0.45
Minnesota 36.2 3.83 3.83 0.00 1.20 1.60 1.60 0.74
Mississippi 9.1 3.72 3.72 0.00 3.51 3.57 3.57 0.48
Missouri 10.2 4.19 4.19 0.00 1.88 1.87 1.87 0.61
24.1 3.02 3.02 1.07 0.00 1.24 1.24 0.44
Nebraska 59.5 3.14 3.14 0.00 0.71 2.40 2.40 0.99
Nevada 6.3 2.98 2.98 0.00 1.71 2.76 1.69 2.76 0.49
New Hampshire 6.7 4.50 4.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.50
New Jersey 30.0 4.78 4.78 0.00 0.00 3.54 3.54 3.54 0.73
New Mexico 9.8 3.90 3.90 1.03 3.35 3.41 3.35 0.62
New York 28.5 3.68 3.68 0.19 2.49 2.77 1.92 2.77 0.48
North Carolina 28.4 2.58 2.58 0.76 0.00 2.30 2.27 2.27 0.40
North Dakota 10.9 4.06 4.06 0.20 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.28 0.68
Ohio 60.4 3.14 3.14 0.00 0.00 2.45 2.45 0.00 2.45 0.44
Oklahoma 20.2 2.87 2.87 1.52 0.00 1.19 1.70 1.70 0.51
Oregon 7.2 4.12 4.12 0.00 1.04 2.24 1.78 2.24 0.61
Pennsylvania 79.4 4.45 4.45 0.00 3.04 3.44 1.30 3.44 0.63
Rhode Island 7 3.97 3.97 0.00 0.92 0.92 0.54
South Carolina 9.0 4.01 4.01 0.00 0.00 4.06 4.06 0.00 4.06 0.56
South Dakota 12.1 2.72 2.72 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.97 0.90 0.97 0.46
Tennessee 10.7 4.17 4.17 0.00 3.05 3.01 0.00 3.01 0.61
Texas 51.4 3.22 3.22 0.46 0.59 1.66 2.84 2.63 2.84 0.44
Utah 10.4 2.30 2.30 0.35 1.37 1.12 1.37 0.44
Vermont 10.8 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.44 0.92
Virginia 39.1 4.67 4.67 0.00 2.62 3.01 3.01 0.52
Washington 45.2 3.76 3.76 1.08 1.29 1.38 1.89 0.44 1.89 0.41
West Virginia 29.9 3.39 3.39 0.00 0.00 1.18 1.40 0.86 1.40 0.56
Wisconsin 23.7 3.72 3.72 0.00 1.76 1.98 1.98 0.57
Wyoming 8.3 2.44 2.44 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.43 0.41
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Too few cases for a reliable estimate.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, , Schools and Staffing Survey: 1993-94 (Public
School Principal Questionnaire).
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