Public and Private School Principle in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1987-88 to 1993-94
Table B11.-Standard errors for Table A11: Percentage of public and private school principals
by highest degree earned, by school level, school size, minority enrollment,
free-lunch recipients, district size, and community type: 1987-88, 1990-91,
and 1993-94
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Highest degree
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Private
------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
Less than Ed. Sp./ Less than Ed. Sp./
School characteristics Bachelor's Bachelor's Master's prof. dipl. Doctorate Bachelor's Bachelor's Master's prof. dipl. Doctorate
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1987-1988
School level
Elementary 0.06 0.34 0.77 0.68 0.47 1.25 1.69 1.88 1.13 0.63
Secondary 0.08 0.22 1.00 0.93 0.49 0.27 3.71 3.65 2.61 1.53
Combined 0.00 0.75 2.05 1.63 1.31 2.05 3.21 3.05 1.32 1.39
School size
Less than 150 - 1.98 2.19 1.86 1.36 1.82 2.23 2.42 1.14 0.67
150-499 - 0.21 0.68 0.7 0.52 0.60 1.88 1.91 1.48 0.73
500-749 - 0.22 1.27 1.15 0.76 - 1.32 4.94 4.21 2.7
750 or more 0.11 0.18 1.26 1.31 0.67 - 2.29 5.23 4.21 3.67
Minority enrollment
Less than 20% 0.05 0.33 0.8 0.66 0.45 1.26 1.93 2.01 0.82 0.67
20-50% 0.00 0.65 1.6 1.28 0.97 1.36 3.20 3.66 2.73 1.55
More than 50% - 0.25 1.48 1.41 0.81 0.78 3.58 3.83 2.70 1.53
Free-lunch recipients
Less than 20% 0.06 0.42 0.94 0.82 0.55 1.14 1.76 1.73 0.93 0.64
20-49% - 0.38 1.09 1.02 0.54 0.40 3.43 4.99 4.40 1.06
50% or more 0.18 0.40 1.37 1.49 0.80 2.06 4.32 5.23 3.91 2.98
District size
Less than 1,000 - 0.95 1.26 1.33 0.7 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
1,000-4,999 - 0.42 0.92 0.93 0.62 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
5,000-9,999 - 0.55 1.68 1.62 0.95 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
10,000 or more - 0.24 0.99 0.95 0.73 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
Community type
Central city - 0.38 1.36 1.26 0.75 1.16 1.69 2.18 1.18 0.79
Urban fringe/large town - 0.23 1.08 0.99 0.6 1.10 2.47 2.49 1.79 0.64
Rural/small town 0.09 0.45 0.71 0.73 1.00 2.60 3.70 3.55 1.45 0.53
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See footnotes at end of tables.
Table B11.-Standard errors for Table A11: Percentage of public and private school principals
by highest degree earned, by school level, school size, minority enrollment,
free-lunch recipients, district size, and community type: 1987-88, 1990-91,
and 1993-94(continued)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Highest degree
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Private
------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
Less than Ed. Sp./ Less than Ed. Sp./
School characteristics Bachelor's Bachelor's Master's prof. dipl. Doctorate Bachelor's Bachelor's Master's prof. dipl. Doctorate
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1990-1991
School level
Elementary 0.00 0.28 0.95 0.78 0.58 1.65 1.48 1.58 1.09 0.58
Secondary - 0.31 0.98 0.85 0.68 - 2.21 3.15 2.14 2.33
Combined - 0.82 2.42 1.96 1.94 2.18 2.72 2.30 1.16 1.57
School size
Less than 150 - 1.17 2.19 1.52 1.21 2.49 2.08 1.76 1.11 0.76
150-499 - 0.29 1.08 0.96 0.63 0.12 1.40 1.83 1.15 0.87
500-749 0.00 0.30 1.52 1.24 0.88 - 1.98 3.61 3.50 1.86
750 or more 0.00 0.33 1.25 1.10 0.81 0.00 1.63 5.13 3.65 3.02
Minority enrollment
Less than 20% - 0.34 1.03 0.81 0.56 1.87 1.67 1.65 0.90 0.54
20-50% - 0.28 1.50 1.21 0.72 1.36 2.48 2.69 1.95 1.45
More than 50% 0.00 0.44 1.65 1.64 1.10 1.46 3.13 3.33 2.18 2.44
Free-lunch recipients
Less than 20% - 0.29 1.11 0.95 0.83 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a)
20-49% - 0.40 1.18 0.95 0.62 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a)
50% or more - 0.31 1.33 1.45 0.84 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a)
District size
Less than 1,000 - 0.75 1.64 1.67 0.77 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
1,000-4,999 - 0.46 1.24 1.20 0.62 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
5,000-9,999 0.00 - 2.14 2.07 1.36 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
10,000 or more 0.00 0.22 1.14 1.06 0.81 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
Community type
Central city - 0.22 1.44 1.32 0.84 0.94 1.81 2.12 1.15 1.05
Urban fringe/large town 0.00 0.41 1.58 1.26 1.03 1.19 2.13 2.33 1.40 1.29
Rural/small town - 0.35 0.88 0.81 0.46 3.57 2.77 2.61 1.32 1.03
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of tables.
Table B11.-Standard errors for Table A11: Percentage of public and private school principals
by highest degree earned, by school level, school size, minority enrollment,
free-lunch recipients, district size, and community type: 1987-88, 1990-91,
and 1993-94(continued)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Highest degree
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Private
------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
Less than Ed. Sp./ Less than Ed. Sp./
School characteristics Bachelor's Bachelor's Master's prof. dipl. Doctorate Bachelor's Bachelor's Master's prof. dipl. Doctorate
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1993-94
School level
Elementary - 0.28 0.89 0.75 0.43 1.45 1.46 1.73 0.59 0.60
Secondary 0.00 0.23 0.70 0.59 0.48 - 1.28 2.87 2.52 1.87
Combined 0.00 0.44 2.80 2.23 1.53 2.28 2.74 2.41 0.97 1.16
School size
Less than 150 0.00 1.07 1.77 1.55 1.43 1.89 2.29 1.91 0.74 0.89
150-499 - 0.30 1.10 1.05 0.40 0.46 1.07 1.30 0.78 0.63
500-749 0.00 0.28 1.43 1.31 0.76 0.30 2.61 2.77 1.66 1.26
750 or more 0.00 0.18 1.30 1.11 0.97 - 1.39 2.92 1.52 1.74
Minority enrollment
Less than 20% 0.00 0.30 0.92 0.83 0.51 1.45 1.70 1.58 0.48 0.73
20-50% 0.00 0.62 1.62 1.17 0.87 1.93 2.90 3.62 1.53 0.96
More than 50% - 0.38 1.44 1.14 1.02 1.39 2.81 3.39 1.97 1.10
Free-lunch recipients
Less than 20% 0.00 0.24 1.01 1.01 0.73 0.00 1.33 1.91 1.30 1.24
20-49% 0.00 0.40 1.09 1.11 0.51 2.24 4.30 5.77 2.24 0.85
50% or more - 0.43 1.37 1.19 0.9 0.69 7.29 6.65 2.05 2.20
District size
Less than 1,000 - 0.57 1.90 1.46 1.18 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
1,000-4,999 0.00 0.36 1.13 1.19 0.67 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
5,000-9,999 0.00 1.08 1.70 1.35 0.86 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
10,000 or more 0.00 0.05 1.26 0.98 0.76 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)
Community type
Central city 0.00 0.29 1.33 1.17 0.81 0.71 1.60 1.52 0.80 0.72
Urban fringe/large town 0.00 0.48 1.51 1.27 1.00 2.70 2.07 2.80 1.02 1.14
Rural/small town - 0.33 1.04 0.83 0.43 2.92 3.11 2.56 0.90 0.86
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(a) Item not included on SASS instrument that year.
(*) Item not applicable to private school principals.
-Too few cases for a reliable estimate.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, , Schools and Staffing Survey: 1987-88 (School Administrator, Public
School, and Teacher Demand and Shortage Questionnaires), 1990-91 (Public and Private School Administrator, Public and Private School, and Teacher Demand
and Shortage Questionnaires), and 1993-94 (Public and Private School Principal, Public and Private School, and Teacher Demand and Shortage Questionnaires).
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