Public and Private School Principle in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1987-88 to 1993-94
Table B10.-Standard errors for Table A10: Percentage of public and private school principals
by benefits received, by community type, school level, sex, and race-ethnicity:
1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
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1987-88 1990-91 1993-94
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Benefits Benefits Benefits
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Medical Dental Life Retirement In-kind Medical Dental Life Retirement In-kind Medical Dental Life Retirement In-kind
Principal/school characteristics insurance insurance insurance plan benefits/1 insurance insurance insurance plan benefits/1 insurance insurance insurance plan benefits/1
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PUBLIC
Total 0.45 0.45 0.55 0.67 0.55 0.32 0.58 0.62 0.56 0.58 0.28 0.49 0.66 0.60 0.60
Sex
Male 0.48 0.55 0.58 0.78 0.59 0.46 0.73 0.64 0.79 0.66 0.30 0.58 0.72 0.68 0.76
Female 0.97 1.47 1.33 1.30 1.26 0.79 1.17 1.30 1.12 1.31 0.63 1.09 1.28 1.20 1.06
Race-ethnicity
American Indian/Alaska Native 4.83 5.57 4.51 4.72 6.25 7.33 7.17 7.46 8.68 8.40 4.81 5.06 5.28 6.25 5.77
Asian/Pacific Islander 5.41 5.92 5.74 6.41 6.59 1.95 3.49 5.70 8.49 7.64 0.74 3.38 4.36 6.73 9.86
Black non-Hispanic 1.66 2.23 2.50 2.00 1.63 1.78 1.84 1.83 2.10 1.98 0.95 1.47 2.05 1.65 1.62
White non-Hispanic 0.51 0.52 0.59 0.70 0.64 0.38 0.64 0.69 0.62 0.64 0.31 0.58 0.65 0.71 0.61
Hispanic 3.61 3.35 3.69 3.71 3.59 3.02 3.38 4.05 2.99 4.03 1.66 4.19 3.56 3.93 4.29
Total minority 1.35 1.67 1.38 1.55 1.38 1.23 1.53 1.63 1.72 1.77 0.86 1.38 1.73 1.53 1.52
Community type
Central city 0.75 0.86 0.93 1.18 1.20 0.84 0.92 1.23 1.01 1.50 0.62 0.97 1.40 1.39 1.45
Urban fringe/large town 0.83 1.02 1.17 1.39 1.16 0.72 0.96 1.20 1.34 1.46 0.46 0.78 0.93 1.18 1.15
Rural/small town 0.60 0.83 0.81 1.09 0.96 0.54 0.78 0.90 0.88 0.88 0.50 0.68 0.91 0.90 0.95
School level
Elementary 0.58 0.62 0.68 0.93 0.76 0.42 0.75 0.90 0.76 0.78 0.41 0.67 0.85 0.77 0.78
Secondary 0.64 0.76 0.84 1.12 0.82 0.57 0.68 0.87 0.76 1.02 0.36 0.59 0.65 0.81 0.81
Combined 1.28 1.78 1.71 1.88 1.61 1.84 2.15 2.28 2.34 2.00 1.62 2.96 3.08 2.33 2.55
PRIVATE
Total 1.66 1.27 1.21 1.28 1.12 1.35 1.14 1.17 1.08 1.53 1.41 1.17 1.02 0.96 1.34
Sex
Male 2.02 1.87 2.02 2.17 2.02 2.41 1.85 1.67 2.05 2.49 2.12 1.41 1.33 1.55 2.02
Female 2.39 1.73 1.47 1.89 1.63 1.50 1.40 1.79 1.27 1.53 1.88 1.74 1.52 1.37 2.02
Race-ethnicity
American Indian/Alaska Native - - - - - - - - - - 20.01 10.41 18.35 13.19 14.88
Asian/Pacific Islander - - - - - - - - - - 18.4 14.95 12.79 15.02 18.40
Black non-Hispanic 6.40 5.99 5.77 5.55 8.45 8.14 6.65 6.29 6.66 9.71 4.88 4.52 4.26 4.63 4.82
White non-Hispanic 1.77 1.34 1.30 1.39 1.25 1.39 1.14 1.22 1.15 1.60 1.55 1.25 1.07 1.15 1.40
Hispanic 9.37 7.28 10.71 12.34 8.90 5.29 8.75 8.63 7.14 6.98 6.97 7.78 7.85 7.16 7.15
Total minority 5.14 4.40 4.70 4.21 4.78 5.60 5.61 4.75 4.64 5.23 3.79 3.78 3.90 3.22 4.38
Community type
Central city 1.97 2.21 1.92 2.24 1.99 2.09 1.89 1.77 1.97 1.73 1.81 1.67 1.64 1.58 1.40
Urban fringe/large town 2.86 1.75 2.24 2.51 1.90 2.01 1.98 1.89 2.24 2.51 2.49 2.40 2.02 1.99 2.47
Rural/small town 3.98 2.67 2.30 3.32 2.69 2.84 2.14 2.61 3.40 3.41 2.60 1.92 1.84 2.27 2.80
School level
Elementary 1.92 1.57 1.47 1.53 1.62 1.72 1.34 1.48 1.48 1.81 1.92 1.63 1.38 1.43 1.66
Secondary 2.80 3.85 4.45 4.43 3.91 2.37 2.74 2.88 2.93 3.14 3.37 3.58 3.21 2.65 2.75
Combined 3.06 2.28 2.59 2.59 2.89 2.82 2.34 2.13 2.25 2.77 2.76 1.99 2.27 2.26 2.78
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/1 In-kind benefits include housing, meals, tuition, and transportation.
-Too few cases for a reliable estimate.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, , Schools and Staffing Survey: 1987-88 (School
Administrator and Public and Private School Questionnaires), 1990-91 (Public and Private School Administrator and School Questionnaires),
and 1993-94 (Public and Private School Principal and School Questionnaires).
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