Statistical Analysis Report:
Public and Private School Principals in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1987-88 to 1993-94
June 1997
(NCES 97-455) Ordering information
Contents
Acknowledgments
Executive Summary
1. Introduction
Context for Examining the Principalship
The Schools and Staffing Survey
Overview of the Report
2. Demographics of the Principalship
Demographic Overview
Sex
Race-Ethnicity
Age
3. Training and Educational Experiences of Principals
Formal Education and Training
Inservice Training in Administration
Field of Study
Prior Experience in Education
4. Principals' Perceptions of Problems in Their Schools
Serious Problems Identified
5. Principals' Goals, Influence, and Career Plans
Principals' Educational Goals
Principals' Perception of Their Influence
Principals' Career Plans
6. Summary
References
Appendices
A. Tables of Estimates
Section 1-Public and Private School Tables
Section 2-Affiliation/Typology Tables for Private Schools
Section 3-State Tables for Public Schools
B. Tables of Standard Errors
Section 1-Public and Private School Tables
Section 2-Affiliation/Typology Tables for Private Schools
Section 3-State Tables for Public Schools
C. Technical Notes
D. Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) Data Products
List of Figures
1. Percentage of public school principals by sex and sex within school level: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
2. Percentage of new public and private school principals by sex: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
3. Percentage of private school principals by sex and sex within school level: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
4. Percentage of public and private school principals by race-ethnicity: 1993-94
5. Percentage of public and private school principals in the oldest and youngest age groups: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
6. Percentage of public school principals by highest degree earned: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
7. Percentage of public and private school principals by highest degree earned by school level: 1993-94
8. Percentage of public and private school principals by field of study for bachelor's and higher degrees: 1993-94
9. Percentage of public and private school principals with prior experience in teaching and other selected education roles: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
10. Public and private school principals' average years of experience as teachers and principals: 1993-94
11. Percentage of public and private school principals who rated specific educational goals as first, second, or third most important: 1993-94
12. Mean ratings of public and private school principals regarding their influence in specific areas: 1993-94
13. Percentage of public and private school principals by plans to remain principals: 1990-91 and 1993-94
List of Text Tables
1. Number of public and private school principals by region: 1987-88, 1990-91, 1993-94
2. Overview of characteristics of public and private school principals: 1993-94
3. Public and private school principals' average salary by sex and highest degree earned: 1993-94
4. Public school principals' average salary by race-ethnicity and highest degree earned: 1993-94
5. Percentage of public and private school principals selecting problems as serious in their schools: 1987-88, 1990-91, 1993-94
List of Appendix Tables
Section 1-Public and Private Schools Tables
A1. Number and percentage of public and private school principals by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A2. Percentage of public and private school principals by geographic region, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A3. Percentage of public school principals by district size, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age of principals: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A4. Percentage of public school principals by community type, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1993-94
A5. Percentage of public school principals by percentage of free or reduced-price lunch recipients in their schools, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age of principals: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A6. Percentage of public and private school principals by school level, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A7. Percentage of public and private school principals with less than three years of experience as a principal, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A8. Average salary of public and private school principals by sex and race-ethnicity, by highest degree earned and years of experience as a principal: 1993-94
A9. Average salary of public and private school principals, by school level and community type: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A10. Percentage of public and private school principals by benefits received, by community type, school level, sex, and race-ethnicity: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A11. Percentage of public and private school principals by highest degree earned, by school level, school size, minority enrollment, free-lunch recipients, district size, and community type: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A12. Percentage of public and private school principals by highest degree earned, by race-ethnicity and sex: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A13. Percentage of public and private school principals participating in training or development programs, by region, community type, school level, sex, and race-ethnicity: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A14. Percentage of public and private school principals by sex, by field of study for bachelor's and higher degrees earned: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A15. Percentage of public and private school principals by sex, by prior experience in teaching and other specified education roles: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A16. Average years of experience in education for public and private school principals, by selected school and principal characteristics: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A17. Percentage of public and private school principals who view various issues as serious problems in their schools, by school level: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A18. Percentage of public and private elementary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by selected school characteristics: 1993-94
A19. Percentage of public and private secondary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by selected school characteristics: 1993-94
A20. Percentage of public and private combined school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by selected school characteristics: 1993-94
A21. Percentage of public elementary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by sex, age, experience, and race-ethnicity of principals: 1993-94
A22. Percentage of public secondary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by sex, age, experience, and race-ethnicity of principals: 1993-94
A23. Percentage of public combined school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by sex, age, experience, and race-ethnicity of principals: 1993-94
A24. Percentage of public and private school principals who rated specific educational goals as first, second, or third most important for students to achieve, by school level, community type, and minority enrollment: 1993-94
A25. Mean ratings by public and private school principals regarding their influence in establishing curriculum, hiring new teachers, and setting discipline policy, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A26. Mean ratings by public and private school principals regarding their influence in establishing curriculum, hiring new teachers, and setting discipline policy, by selected school characteristics: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
A27. Percentage of public and private school principals by plans to remain principals, by school level, minority enrollment, school size, and community type: 1993-94
A28. Percentage of public school principals by plans to remain principals, by age and years of experience as a principal within sex: 1993-94
Section 2-Affiliation/Typology Tables for Private Schools
A29. Percentage of private school principals by private school affiliation, by sex, race-ethnicity, highest degree earned, average age, salary, and years as a principal: 1993-94
A30. Percentage of private school principals by private school type, by sex, race-ethnicity, highest degree earned, average age, salary, and years as a principal: 1993-94
A31. Percentage of private school principals by benefits received, by private school type: 1993-94
Section 3-State Tables for Public Schools
A32. Percentage of public school principals by sex and race-ethnicity, by state: 1993-94
A33. Percentage of public school principals by highest degree earned and average salary, by state: 1993-94
A34. Percentage of public school principals by employment benefits received, by state: 1993-94
Section 1-Public and Private School Tables
B1. Standard errors for Table A1: Number and percentage of public and private school principals by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B2. Standard errors for Table A2: Percentage of public and private school principals by geographic region, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B3. Standard errors for Table A3: Percentage of public school principals by district size, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age of principals: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B4. Standard errors for Table A4: Percentage of public school principals by community type, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1993-94
B5. Standard errors for Table A5: Percentage of public school principals by percentage of free or reduced-price lunch recipients in their schools, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age of principals: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B6. Standard errors for Table A6: Percentage of public and private school principals by school level, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B7. Standard errors for Table A7: Percentage of public and private school principals with less than three years of experience as a principal, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B8. Standard errors for Table A8: Average salary of public and private school principals by sex and race-ethnicity, by highest degree earned and years of experience as a principal: 1993-94
B9. Standard errors for Table A9: Average salary of public and private school principals, by school level and community type: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B10. Standard errors for Table A10: Percentage of public and private school principals by benefits received, by community type, school level, sex, and race-ethnicity: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B11. Standard errors for Table A11: Percentage of public and private school principals by highest degree earned, by school level, school size, minority enrollment, free-lunch recipients, district size, and community type: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B12. Standard errors for Table A12: Percentage of public and private school principals by highest degree earned, by race-ethnicity and sex: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B13.Standard errors for Table A13: Percentage of public and private school principals participating in training or development programs, by region, community type, school level, sex, and race-ethnicity: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B14. Standard errors for Table A14: Percentage of public and private school principals by sex, by field of study for bachelor's and higher degrees earned: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B15. Standard errors for Table A15: Percentage of public and private school principals by sex, by prior experience in teaching and other specified education roles: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B16. Standard errors for Table A16: Average years of experience in education for public and private school principals, by selected school and principal characteristics: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B17. Standard errors for Table A17: Percentage of public and private school principals who view various issues as serious problems in their schools, by school level: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B18. Standard errors for Table A18: Percentage of public and private elementary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by selected school characteristics: 1993-94
B19. Standard errors for Table A19: Percentage of public and private secondary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by selected school characteristics: 1993-94
B20. Standard errors for Table A20: Percentage of public and private combined school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by selected school characteristics: 1993-94
B21. Standard errors for Table A21: Percentage of public elementary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by sex, age, experience, and race-ethnicity of principals: 1993-94
B22. Standard errors for Table A22: Percentage of public secondary school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by sex, age, experience, and race-ethnicity of principals: 1993-94
B23. Standard errors for Table A23: Percentage of public combined school principals who view certain issues as serious problems in their schools, by sex, age, experience, and race-ethnicity of principals: 1993-94
B24. Standard errors for Table A24: Percentage of public and private school principals who rated specific educational goals as first, second, or third most important for students to achieve, by school level, community type, and minority enrollment: 1993-94
B25. Standard errors for Table A25: Mean ratings by public and private school principals regarding their influence in establishing curriculum, hiring new teachers, and setting discipline policy, by sex, race-ethnicity, and age: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B26. Standard errors for Table A26: Mean ratings by public and private school principals regarding their influence in establishing curriculum, hiring new teachers, and setting discipline policy, by selected school characteristics: 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94
B27. Standard errors for Table A27: Percentage of public and private school principals by plans to remain principals, by school level, minority enrollment, school size, and community type: 1993-94
B28. Standard errors for Table A28: Percentage of public school principals by plans to remain principals, by age and years of experience as a principal within sex: 1993-94
Section 2-Affiliation/Typology Tables for Private Schools
B29. Standard errors for Table A29: Percentage of private school principals by private school affiliation, by sex, race-ethnicity, highest degree earned, average age, salary, and years as a principal: 1993-94
B30. Standard errors for Table A30: Percentage of private school principals by private school type, by sex, race-ethnicity, highest degree earned, average age, salary, and years as a principal: 1993-94
B31. Standard errors for Table A31: Percentage of private school principals by benefits received, by private school type: 1993-94
Section 3-State Tables for Public Schools
B32. Standard errors for Table A32: Percentage of public school principals by sex and race-ethnicity, by state: 1993-94
B33. Standard errors for Table A33: Percentage of public school principals by highest degree earned and average salary, by state: 1993-94
B34. Standard errors for Table A34: Percentage of public school principals by employment benefits received, by state: 1993-94
Appendix C Tables
C1. Weighted and unweighted percent response rates by SASS instrument: 1987-7, 1990-91, and 1993-94
C2. Unweighted item-response rates for SASS questionnaires, by year
C3. Decision rules for estimate suppression
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Acknowledgments