Education in States and Nations: 1991

(ESN) Indicator 34: Note on distribution of current public expenditure on education

Notes on Figure and Tables

Australia

Expenditure for higher education includes expenditure for vocational secondary education, as it is taught in institutions of higher education.

France

There is bias in the relationships between expenditure and enrollment shares by level of education because a substantial part of expenditure is not distributed by level of education.

Germany (West), Netherlands, Switzerland

See notes to Indicator 30:

• Note on international comparisons of current public education expenditures

• Note on current public expenditure as a percentage of GDP/GSP, current public education expenditure as a percentage of all public expenditure, current public education expenditure per student, and current public education expenditure per student relative to GDP/GSP per capita

Includes contributions to the pension funds of teachers who are civil servants.

Spain

Public expenditure for education is underestimated because a large part of the pension costs are not included.

United Kingdom

Excludes expenditure on nursing and paramedical education.

Technical Notes

Non-inclusion of proprietary schools

In the United States and some other countries exist a group of educational institutions that operate for profit, offering focused educational programs that lead to specific vocational certificates, usually in periods of less than two years. These institutions are excluded from education data for the United States, and for some other countries as well.

International comparisons of current public education expenditure

See note on international comparisons of current public education expenditures.

Methodology used for adjusting inflation rates

See technical note for Indicator 30.

Current public expenditure...

Teacher salaries