Table 1.5. Characteristics of statewide student data systems, by state: 2008

State	Statewide student data system
State	Uses unique student identifiers		State law prohibits state from using social security number as a unique student identifier		Uses unique teacher identifiers		Includes explicit value-added analysis component		Links to the state higher education system ¹
United States ²	34		9		2		7		8

Alabama	Yes		No		No		No		Yes	³
Alaska	Yes		No		No		No		No
Arizona	Yes		No		No		No		Yes	³
Arkansas	Yes		No		No		Yes	⁴	Yes	³
California	Yes		No		No		No		No

Colorado	Yes		No		No		Yes		Yes	³
Connecticut	Yes		No		No	⁵^,⁶	Yes		No
Delaware	Yes		No		No	⁵	No		Other	⁷^,⁸
District of Columbia	No	⁹	†		†		†		†
Florida	Yes		No		No		No		Yes	³

Georgia	Yes		No		Yes	¹⁰	No		Yes	¹¹
Hawaii	Yes		No		No		No		No
Idaho	No	⁹	†		†		†		†
Illinois	No	⁹	†		†		†		No
Indiana	Yes		No		No		No		No

Iowa	No	⁹	†		†		†		No
Kansas	Yes	⁹	†		†		†		No
Kentucky	Yes		No		No		Yes		Other	⁸^,¹²
Louisiana	Yes		No		Yes		No		Other	⁸
Maine	No	⁹	No		No	⁵	No		No

Maryland	No		†		†		†		†
Massachusetts	Yes		No		No		No		No
Michigan	Yes		No		No		No		No
Minnesota	Yes		No		No		Yes		No
Mississippi	Yes		No		No		No		No

Missouri	No	⁹	†		†		†		†
Montana	No	⁹	†		†		†		†
Nebraska	No	⁹	Yes	¹³	No	⁵	†		No
Nevada	Yes		No		No	⁵	No		Other	⁸^,¹⁴
New Hampshire	No	⁹	Yes		†		†		†

New Jersey	No	⁹	†		†		†		No
New Mexico	Yes		No		No		No		No
New York	No	⁹	†		No		†		†
North Carolina	Yes		No		No	⁵	No		Other	⁸
North Dakota	Yes		Yes	¹⁵	No		No		No

Ohio	Yes		Yes		No	⁵	Yes	¹⁶	No
Oklahoma	No	⁹^,¹⁷	†		†		†		†
Oregon	Yes		No		No		No		Other	⁸^,¹²
Pennsylvania	No		†		No		†		†
Rhode Island	Yes		Yes		No		No		No

South Carolina	No	⁹	†		†		†		†
South Dakota	Yes		No		No		No		No
Tennessee	Yes		No		No		No		No
Texas	Yes		No		No	⁵	No		Yes	¹⁸
Utah	No	⁹^,¹⁹	†		No		No		Other	⁸^,²⁰

Vermont	Yes		—		—		—		—
Virginia	No	⁹	†		No	⁵	†		†
Washington	Yes		Yes	²¹	No		No		Yes	²²
West Virginia	Yes		Yes		No		No		No
Wisconsin	Yes		Yes	²³	No		Yes		No	²⁴
Wyoming	Yes		Yes	²⁵	No		No		Other	⁸^,²⁶
† Not applicable. — Not available. ¹ The state higher education system includes all 4-year institutions, community colleges, and technical colleges. ² National total reflects the number of "Yes" responses for each column. ³ Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, and Florida have K-12 links with all 4-year institutions, with community colleges, and with technical colleges. ⁴ Arkansas's value-added computations are to be compared to similar national data. ⁵ Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Nebraska, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, and Virginia are developing unique teacher identifiers. ⁶ Connecticut's initial system focuses on student information, provided the system created will allow for future compatibility with financial, facility, and staff data. ⁷ The Delaware Higher Education Commission must enhance the capacity for quality data collection and reporting to meet federal mandates, regional and interstate contractual agreements, and national data sharing requirements. ⁸ "Other" signifies state data systems that have links to the state higher education system, but not enough to warrant a "Yes" response. ⁹ The District of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, and Virginia are developing statewide student data systems using unique student identifiers. ¹⁰ Georgia's system for unique teacher identifiers is codified in Ga. Code Ann. 20-2-320. ¹¹ Georgia has K-12 links only with 4-year institutions. ¹² Kentucky and Oregon are developing K-12 data that are linked to the state's higher education system. ¹³ Nebraska's unique student ID will be computer generated and contain no embedded meaning. ¹⁴ The system may be used for pupils who enroll in the University and Community College System of Nevada. ¹⁵ The student ID number is a 10 digit unique identifier that is generated by the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction. ¹⁶ The Ohio state data system must implement an explicit value-added analysis component by July 1, 2007. ¹⁷ Oklahoma is developing a student tracking and reporting pilot program. ¹⁸ Texas links its state K-12 data system with all 4-year institutions. H.B. 1144 (2001) requires that records relating to student performance be coordinated and maintained in standardized, compatible formats that allow the exchange of information between K-12 and higher education and throughout each student's educational career. ¹⁹ School districts in Utah request that all students provide the district with a social security number for purposes of identification and electronic record transfer; 2006 legislation requires each public school student to be assigned a unique student identifier that does not incorporate a social security number. ²⁰ In Utah, 2006 legislation (H.B. 82) requires the state board of education and state board of regents to develop coordinated information technology systems to "allow individual student academic achievement to be tracked through both education systems..." ²¹ In Washington, the student identification is randomly generated. ²² The Washington state K-12 data system is linked with community colleges and technical colleges, but not with 4-year institutions. ²³ In Wisconsin, no personal contact information, such as addresses or phone numbers, or social security numbers will be collected or used by the system. ²⁴ The University of Wisconsin Board of Regents may assign to each student enrolled in the system a unique identification number. ²⁵ Wyoming uses eight digits as a student identifier and assigned randomly from pool. ²⁶ Wyoming has a community college-level data system, but does not link to the K-12 system. SOURCE: State Notes: State Data Systems, Education Commission of the States, 2008. Data Source.

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