Table 601.20.

Selected population and enrollment statistics for countries with populations of at least 10 million in 2012, by continent and country: Selected years, 1990 through 2012

Continent and country1	Midyear population (in millions)			Persons per square kilo-meter, 2012	First level2										Second level3										Third level4
					Enrollment (in thousands)				Gross enrollment ratio5						Enrollment (in thousands)				Gross enrollment ratio5						Enrollment (in thousands)				Gross enrollment ratio5
	1991	2000	2012		1999- 2000		2011- 12		1990- 91		1999- 2000		2011- 12		1999- 2000		2011- 12		1990- 91		1999- 2000		2011- 12		1999- 2000		2011- 12		1990- 91		1999- 2000		2011- 12
1	2	3	4	5	6		7		8		9		10		11		12		13		14		15		16		17		18		19		20
World total6	5,371	6,090	7,021	53	654,745		705,103	7	99		98		108	7	449,070		551,686	7	52		59		73	7	99,180		195,557	7	14		19		32	7
Africa
Algeria8	26	31	37	16	4,843		3,452		100		103		117		2,994		—		61		62		—		—		1,210		11		—		31
Angola	10	13	18	15	—		—		92		—		—		355		—		12		15		—		—		—		1		—		—
Burkina Faso	9	12	17	63	852		2,344		33		45		85		190		676		7		10		26		—		69		1		—		5
Cameroon	12	16	22	46	2,237	9	3,849		101		83	9	111		700		1,713		28		27		50		66		—		3		5		—
Chad	6	8	11	9	914		2,091		54		64		95		137		458		8	10	11		23		6		—		1	11,12	1		—
Congo, Democratic        Republic of the	41	52	74	33	—		12,005		70		—		111		—		3,894		21	13	—		43		—		511		2		—		8
Cote d'Ivoire	13	17	22	69	1,943		2,921		67		77		94		—		—		22		—		—		—		81		—		—		4
Egypt8	56	65	84	84	7,947	7	10,820		94		101	7	113		8,028	7	7,850		76		86	7	86		—		2,301		16	14,15	—		30
Ethiopia	49	64	91	91	5,847		14,532		33		55		—		1,195		4,849		14		14		—		68		693		1		1		—
Ghana8	16	19	25	108	2,561		4,062		75		86		110		1,057		2,216		36		41		58		—		295		1	11	—		12
Guinea	7	8	11	44	790		1,600		37		57		91		—		657		10		—		38		—		101		1		—		10
Kenya8	24	31	43	76	5,035		—		95		96		—		1,909		—		24	10	39		—		89		—		2	11	3		—
Madagascar	12	16	22	38	2,208		4,403		103		100		145		—		1,405		18	10	—		38		32		90		3		2		4
Malawi	10	12	16	174	2,695		3,688		68		138		141		487		761		8		32		34		4		—		1		#		—
Mali	9	11	15	13	1,017		2,114		26		62		88		258	7	—		7		19	7	—		20		97		1		2		7
Morocco8	24	28	32	72	3,670		4,017		67		92		116		1,541		2,554		35		38		69		276		—		11		9		—
Mozambique8	13	18	24	30	2,544		5,359		67		74		105		124		728		8		6		26		12		—		#	12	1		—
Niger	8	11	16	13	579		2,051		29		34		71		106	7	389		7		7	7	16		—		22		1		—		2
Nigeria8	99	124	169	185	19,151		—		91		98		—		4,104		—		25		24		—		—		—		4	11,16	—		—
Rwanda	7	8	12	474	1,432		2,395		70		111		134		130		535		8		11		32		9		72		#	17	1		7
Senegal	8	9	13	67	1,108		1,783		59		68		84		250		—		16		16		—		—		—		3		—		—
Somalia	6	8	10	16	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
South Africa	39	45	49	40	7,445		7,004		122		107		102		4,142		4,844		74		84		102		—		—		13	18	—		—
South Sudan	5	6	11	17	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—				—		—
Sudan8	22	27	34	18	—		—		53		—		—		—		—		24		—		—		182	7	551		3	11	7		15
Tanzania	26	33	47	53	4,382		8,247		70		68		93		—		2,118		5		—		35		21		166		#	13	1		4
Tunisia	8	10	11	69	1,414		1,047		113		116		110		1,104	7	—		45		75	7	—		180		357		9		19		35
Uganda	17	23	34	171	6,559		—		74	19,20	129		—		547		—		13	10,20	16		—		56		—		1		3		—
Zambia	8	10	14	19	1,590		3,135		99		84		114		—		—		24		—		—		25	7	—		2		2	7	—
Zimbabwe	10	12	13	33	2,461		—		116		101		—		844		—		50		43		—		—		94		5		—		6
Asia
Afghanistan8	14	22	30	47	749		5,768		27		21		104		—		2,416		9		—		54		—		—		2		—		—
Bangladesh	114	132	161	1,238	—		—		72		—		—		10,329		12,187		19		48		54		727		—		4		5		—
Cambodia	10	12	15	85	2,248		2,195		121		106		124		351		—		32		17		—		22		—		1		2		—
China	1,164	1,264	1,343	140	—		99,540		125		—		128		81,488		95,004		49		58		89		7,364		32,586		3		8		27
India	854	1,006	1,205	405	113,613		—		97		96		—		71,031		—		44	10	46		—		9,404		28,526		6		10		25
Indonesia	185	214	249	137	28,509		30,784		115		110		109		14,720		21,446		44		56		83		3,126		6,234		9	13	15		32
Iran	60	69	79	52	8,288		5,747		112		101		106		9,955		7,118		55		79		86		1,405		4,405		10	14	19		55
Iraq	17	23	31	71	3,639		—		111		96		—		1,224		—		47	10	37		—		289		—		12	17	12		—
Japan	124	127	127	349	7,529		6,924		100		101		102		8,782		7,288		97		102		102		3,982		3,885		30	13	49		61
Kazakhstan	17	16	18	7	1,208		1,008		87		99		105		2,003		1,643		98		96		98		370		652		40		29		45
Korea, Democratic        People's Republic of	21	23	25	204	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Korea, Republic of	43	47	49	504	4,030		2,959		105		102		103		3,959		3,783		90		99		97		3,003		3,357		39		79		98
Malaysia	18	23	29	89	3,026		—		94		98		—		2,205		—		56		66		—		549		—		7		26		—
Myanmar	41	47	55	84	4,858		—		106		98		—		2,268		—		23		36		—		—		—		4	13	—		—
Nepal8	19	25	30	209	3,780	9	4,783		108		126	9	139		1,348		3,015		33		37		66		94		—		5		4		—
Pakistan	122	152	190	247	13,987	21	18,119		61	22	70	21	93		—		10,372		23		—		37		—		1,817		3		—		10
Philippines	67	81	104	348	12,708		—		111		110		—		—		—		73		—		—		—		—		28		—		—
Saudi Arabia	16	21	27	12	—		3,436		73		—		103		—		3,169	7	44		—		114	7	404		1,206		12		23		51
Sri Lanka8	17	19	21	332	—		1,752		106		—		98		—		2,590		74		—		99		—		271		5	13,23	—		17
Syria	13	16	23	123	2,775		2,553		108		108		122		1,069		2,876		52		44		74		—		—		18		—		—
Taiwan	20	22	23	720	—		—		100		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Thailand	57	63	67	132	6,101		5,005		99		98		95		—		4,786		30		—		87		1,900		2,430		19	12	35		51
Turkey	58	67	80	104	6,562		6,430		99		103		100		5,658		7,758		47		73		86		—		4,354		13		—		69
Uzbekistan .	21	25	28	67	2,602		—		81		99		—		3,566		—		99		88		—		305		—		30		13		—
Vietnam	69	79	92	295	10,063		7,101		103		107		105		—		—		32		—		—		732		2,261		2		9		25
Yemen	13	17	25	47	—		3,685		79	16	—		97		—		1,675		23	16	—		47		—		—		4	13	—		—
Europe
Belgium	10	10	10	345	774		744		101		105		103		1,058		794		103		145		107		356		478		40		58		71
Czech Republic	10	10	11	137	645		477		96		103		100		958		777		91		89		97		254		440		16	24	28		64
France	59	61	66	103	3,885		4,156		108		104		107		5,929		5,920		99		106		110		2,015		2,296		40		57		58
Germany25	80	82	81	233	3,656		2,937		101		103		100		8,307		7,393		98		96		101		—		2,939		34		—		62
Greece	10	11	11	82	645		—		98		96		—		739		—		93		89		—		422		—		36		51		—
Italy8	57	58	61	208	2,836		—		103		103		—		4,404		—		83		93		—		1,770		1,926		32		49		62
Netherlands8	15	16	17	494	1,279		1,277		102		109		106		1,379		1,550		120		123		130		488		794		40		53		77
Poland8	38	39	38	126	3,319		2,187		98		99		101		3,988		2,611		81		100		98		1,580		2,007		22		50		73
Portugal	10	10	11	118	811		704		123		122		106		831		734		67		105		113		374		390		23		48		69
Romania8	23	22	22	95	1,189		807		91		93		94		2,226		1,714		92		81		95		453		—		10		24		—
Russian Federation	148	147	143	9	6,138		5,515		109		103		101		—		9,165		93		—		95		6,331		7,983		52		55		76
Spain8	39	41	47	94	2,540		2,817		109		106		103		3,246		3,296		104		111		131		1,829		1,966	7	37		59		85	7
Ukraine8	52	49	45	77	2,079		1,584		89		109		106		5,204		2,899		93		99		98		1,812		2,391		47		49		80
United Kingdom8	58	59	63	261	4,632		4,524		104		101		109		5,315		4,849		85		102		95		2,024		2,496		30		58		62
North America
Canada	28	31	34	4	2,456		—		103		100		—		2,519		—		101		102		—		1,212		—		95		59		—
Cuba	11	11	11	101	1,046		803		98		101		99		790		784		89		82		90		159		503		21		22		62
Dominican Republic	7	8	10	209	1,364		1,284		—		113		103		654		906		—		59		76		—		—		—		—		—
Guatemala	9	11	14	132	1,909		—		78		104		—		504		—		23	13	38		—		—		—		8	12	—		—
Mexico	86	100	117	60	14,766		14,957		114		106		105		9,094		12,139		53		70		86		1,963		3,161		15		19		29
United States	253	282	314	34	24,973		24,382		102		101		98		22,594		24,122		93		92		94		13,203		20,994		75		68		94
South America
Argentina	34	37	42	15	4,728		—		106		114		—		3,428		—		71		87		—		1,767	7	—		38	13	53	7	—
Bolivia	7	8	10	10	1,492		—		95		112		—		877	7	—		37		78	7	—		279		—		21		35		—
Brazil	152	174	199	24	20,212		16,135		106		—		—		—		23,134		38		—		—		2,781		7,241		11	26	—		—
Chile	13	15	17	23	1,799		1,504		100		100		101		1,391		1,444		73		82		89		452		1,119		21	13	37		74
Colombia	34	39	45	44	5,221		4,742		102		119		107		3,569		4,903		50	13	72		93		934		1,958		13		24		45
Ecuador	10	12	15	55	1,925		2,118		116		113		114		917		1,531		55		59		87		—		—		20		—		—
Peru	22	26	30	23	4,338		3,479		118		122		100		2,374		2,611		67		85		90		—		—		30		—		—
Venezuela	20	23	28	32	3,328		3,486		96		101		102		1,543		2,354		35		60		85		668		—		29		28		—
Oceania
Australia8	17	19	22	3	1,906		2,083		108		100		105		2,589		2,377		82		161		136		845		1,364		35	27	65		86

—Not available.

#Rounds to zero.

1 Selection based on total population for midyear 2012.

2 First-level enrollment consists of elementary school, typically corresponding to grades 1-6 in the United States.

3 Second-level enrollment includes general education, teacher training (at the second level), and technical and vocational education. This level generally corresponds to secondary education in the United States, grades 7-12.

4 Third-level enrollment includes college and university enrollment and technical and vocational education beyond the secondary school level.

5 Data represent the total enrollment of all ages in the school level divided by the population of the specific age groups that correspond to the school level. Adjustments have been made for the varying lengths of first- and second-level programs. Ratios may exceed 100 because some countries have many students from outside the normal age range.

6 Enrollment totals and ratios exclude the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).

7 Estimated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.

8 Classification or data coverage of levels has been revised. Data by level may not be comparable over time.

9 Policy change in 1999-2000: introduction of free universal primary education.

10 General education enrollment only. Excludes teacher training and vocational education enrollments.

11 Excludes nonuniversity institutions (such as teacher training colleges and technical colleges) and excludes distance-learning universities.

12 Data for 1992-93.

13 Data for 1991-92.

14 Excludes private institutions.

15 Data refer to universities and exclude Al Azhar.

16 Data for 1993-94.

17 Data for 1985-86.

18 Not including the former Independent States of Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda, and Ciskei.

19 Estimated.

20 Data refer to government aided and maintained schools only.

21 National estimation.

22 Includes preprimary education.

23 Excludes some nonuniversity institutions.

24 Includes full-time students only.

25 Data include both former East and West Germany.

26 Excludes enrollments in programs formerly classified as doctoral.

27 Data do not include Vocational Education and Training (VET) institutes.

NOTE: Data do not include adult education or special education provided outside regular schools. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Statistical Yearbook, 1999; unpublished tabulations; and tabulations from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics Online Data Center, retrieved February 18, 2015, from http://data.uis.unesco.org/. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, International Data Base, retrieved February 18, 2015, from http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/informationGateway.php. (This table was prepared March 2015.)