Table 169.

Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990-91 through 2004-05

Function and subfunction	Expenditures (in thousands of current dollars)									Percentage distribution of current expenditures for public schools
	1990-91		1995-96	1999-2000	2000-01	2001-02	2002-03	2003-041	2004-05	1990-91	1995-96	1999-2000	2000-01	2001-02	2002-03	2003-041	2004-05
1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
Total expenditures	$229,429,715		$293,646,490	$381,838,155	$410,811,185	$435,364,404	$454,906,912	$474,241,531	$499,068,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Current expenditures for public schools	202,037,752		255,106,683	323,888,508	348,360,841	368,378,006	387,593,617	403,390,369	424,562,095	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
Salaries	132,730,931	2	165,806,160	210,158,874	224,305,806	236,800,258	246,349,926	252,179,893	261,236,266	65.70	64.99	64.89	64.39	64.28	63.56	62.52	61.53
Employee benefits	33,954,456	2	44,786,697	53,333,592	57,976,490	62,008,725	68,137,020	74,483,569	81,858,404	16.81	17.56	16.47	16.64	16.83	17.58	18.46	19.28
Purchased services	16,380,643	2	21,579,562	29,051,785	31,778,754	32,936,278	35,325,876	37,505,263	39,834,976	8.11	8.46	8.97	9.12	8.94	9.11	9.30	9.38
Tuition	1,192,505	2	1,590,468	2,231,250	2,458,366	3,257,939	3,298,588	3,327,600	3,605,864	0.59	0.62	0.69	0.71	0.88	0.85	0.82	0.85
Supplies	14,805,956	2	18,756,157	25,896,917	28,262,078	29,544,118	30,528,970	31,907,726	33,828,863	7.33	7.35	8.00	8.11	8.02	7.88	7.91	7.97
Other	2,973,261	2	2,587,639	3,216,089	3,579,347	3,830,688	3,953,237	3,986,317	4,197,722	1.47	1.01	0.99	1.03	1.04	1.02	0.99	0.99
Instruction	122,223,362		157,473,978	199,968,138	214,333,003	226,668,386	237,731,734	247,444,620	259,614,068	60.50	61.73	61.74	61.53	61.53	61.34	61.34	61.15
Salaries	90,742,284		114,580,985	145,071,564	154,512,089	162,552,497	168,828,934	172,998,433	178,785,394	44.91	44.91	44.79	44.35	44.13	43.56	42.89	42.11
Employee benefits	22,347,524		30,299,566	36,197,167	39,522,678	41,969,103	45,947,180	50,040,333	54,961,756	11.06	11.88	11.18	11.35	11.39	11.85	12.40	12.95
Purchased services	2,722,639		3,825,111	5,839,673	6,430,708	6,629,625	7,289,623	8,242,306	9,001,789	1.35	1.50	1.80	1.85	1.80	1.88	2.04	2.12
Tuition	1,192,505		1,590,468	2,231,250	2,458,366	3,257,939	3,298,588	3,327,600	3,605,864	0.59	0.62	0.69	0.71	0.88	0.85	0.82	0.85
Supplies	4,584,754		6,513,488	9,751,743	10,377,554	11,226,470	11,294,271	11,722,378	12,128,226	2.27	2.55	3.01	2.98	3.05	2.91	2.91	2.86
Other	633,656		664,360	876,741	1,031,608	1,032,751	1,073,139	1,113,570	1,131,039	0.31	0.26	0.27	0.30	0.28	0.28	0.28	0.27
Student support3	8,926,010		12,266,136	16,046,845	17,292,756	18,729,590	19,992,229	20,881,322	22,106,046	4.42	4.81	4.95	4.96	5.08	5.16	5.18	5.21
Salaries	6,565,965		8,885,707	11,496,451	12,354,464	13,359,679	14,030,739	14,485,849	15,165,517	3.25	3.48	3.55	3.55	3.63	3.62	3.59	3.57
Employee benefits	1,660,082		2,307,480	2,841,949	3,036,037	3,324,812	3,678,398	4,040,367	4,473,463	0.82	0.90	0.88	0.87	0.90	0.95	1.00	1.05
Purchased services	455,996		687,300	1,180,701	1,328,600	1,442,786	1,646,297	1,708,119	1,798,623	0.23	0.27	0.36	0.38	0.39	0.42	0.42	0.42
Supplies	191,482		247,262	389,044	421,838	447,611	470,505	464,635	481,439	0.09	0.10	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.11
Other	52,485		138,387	138,699	151,817	154,701	166,291	182,352	187,004	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.04
Instructional staff services4	8,467,142		10,070,241	14,640,411	15,926,856	17,352,980	18,568,413	19,091,186	20,346,590	4.19	3.95	4.52	4.57	4.71	4.79	4.73	4.79
Salaries	5,560,129		6,418,530	8,971,366	9,790,767	10,652,512	11,312,220	11,483,486	12,091,625	2.75	2.52	2.77	2.81	2.89	2.92	2.85	2.85
Employee benefits	1,408,217		1,719,377	2,169,051	2,356,440	2,589,581	2,909,834	3,157,356	3,542,507	0.70	0.67	0.67	0.68	0.70	0.75	0.78	0.83
Purchased services	622,487		925,403	1,776,849	2,003,598	2,149,541	2,332,965	2,474,229	2,713,890	0.31	0.36	0.55	0.58	0.58	0.60	0.61	0.64
Supplies	776,863		918,189	1,485,730	1,566,954	1,726,440	1,792,008	1,777,640	1,789,784	0.38	0.36	0.46	0.45	0.47	0.46	0.44	0.42
Other	99,445		88,743	237,415	209,097	234,906	221,387	198,476	208,785	0.05	0.03	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.05
General administration	5,791,253		5,878,493	6,698,006	7,108,291	7,628,348	7,960,378	8,266,957	8,499,157	2.87	2.30	2.07	2.04	2.07	2.05	2.05	2.00
Salaries	2,603,562		2,901,172	3,179,759	3,351,554	3,582,391	3,680,522	3,732,878	3,718,362	1.29	1.14	0.98	0.96	0.97	0.95	0.93	0.88
Employee benefits	777,381		828,483	938,113	1,000,698	1,081,521	1,166,775	1,262,864	1,373,106	0.38	0.32	0.29	0.29	0.29	0.30	0.31	0.32
Purchased services	1,482,427		1,626,178	1,941,822	2,099,032	2,252,100	2,384,109	2,505,398	2,633,692	0.73	0.64	0.60	0.60	0.61	0.62	0.62	0.62
Supplies	172,898		185,831	196,205	206,137	234,543	223,696	217,151	220,883	0.09	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.05
Other	754,985		336,828	442,107	450,870	477,793	505,276	548,666	553,115	0.37	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.14	0.13
School administration	11,695,344		14,831,159	18,381,292	19,580,890	20,680,699	21,791,580	22,597,918	24,149,067	5.79	5.81	5.68	5.62	5.61	5.62	5.60	5.69
Salaries	8,935,903		11,156,460	13,923,730	14,817,213	15,570,737	16,206,443	16,626,755	17,464,950	4.42	4.37	4.30	4.25	4.23	4.18	4.12	4.11
Employee benefits	2,257,783		2,963,991	3,455,390	3,689,689	3,925,820	4,341,364	4,710,083	5,214,040	1.12	1.16	1.07	1.06	1.07	1.12	1.17	1.23
Purchased services	247,750		384,908	573,003	611,638	667,707	718,442	754,181	896,790	0.12	0.15	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.19	0.19	0.21
Supplies	189,711		256,857	337,651	369,257	406,456	416,265	399,456	439,390	0.09	0.10	0.10	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.10	0.10
Other	64,197		68,943	91,519	93,093	109,978	109,066	107,444	133,896	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Operation and maintenance	21,290,655		25,724,062	31,190,295	34,034,158	34,829,109	36,830,517	38,720,429	40,893,529	10.54	10.08	9.63	9.77	9.45	9.50	9.60	9.63
Salaries	8,849,559		10,454,854	12,745,457	13,461,242	14,118,349	14,596,762	14,811,588	15,342,047	4.38	4.10	3.94	3.86	3.83	3.77	3.67	3.61
Employee benefits	2,633,075		3,129,632	3,531,423	3,778,520	4,062,211	4,476,354	5,019,477	5,456,280	1.30	1.23	1.09	1.08	1.10	1.15	1.24	1.29
Purchased services	5,721,125		7,698,704	8,866,099	9,642,217	9,415,797	9,866,874	10,463,087	10,919,986	2.83	3.02	2.74	2.77	2.56	2.55	2.59	2.57
Supplies	3,761,738		4,214,201	5,801,242	6,871,845	6,915,671	7,543,937	8,091,029	8,830,698	1.86	1.65	1.79	1.97	1.88	1.95	2.01	2.08
Other	325,157		226,670	246,075	280,334	317,081	346,590	335,247	344,518	0.16	0.09	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.09	0.08	0.08
Student transportation	8,678,954		10,396,426	13,007,625	14,052,654	14,799,365	15,648,821	16,348,784	17,453,785	4.30	4.08	4.02	4.03	4.02	4.04	4.05	4.11
Salaries	3,285,127		3,933,969	5,061,209	5,406,092	5,722,046	5,974,787	6,105,136	6,377,289	1.63	1.54	1.56	1.55	1.55	1.54	1.51	1.50
Employee benefits	892,985		1,207,961	1,464,249	1,592,127	1,729,600	1,905,504	2,119,101	2,332,576	0.44	0.47	0.45	0.46	0.47	0.49	0.53	0.55
Purchased services	3,345,232		4,257,805	5,331,435	5,767,462	6,146,165	6,450,377	6,736,968	7,051,798	1.66	1.67	1.65	1.66	1.67	1.66	1.67	1.66
Supplies	961,447		836,450	1,034,323	1,159,350	1,005,933	1,130,478	1,192,548	1,501,728	0.48	0.33	0.32	0.33	0.27	0.29	0.30	0.35
Other	194,163		160,239	116,410	127,623	195,622	187,675	195,031	190,394	0.10	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.04
Other support services5	5,587,837		7,039,408	10,188,917	11,439,134	12,417,794	13,231,082	13,488,270	14,116,748	2.77	2.76	3.15	3.28	3.37	3.41	3.34	3.33
Salaries	2,900,394		3,450,836	4,930,099	5,521,381	5,949,629	6,234,410	6,344,591	6,481,348	1.44	1.35	1.52	1.58	1.62	1.61	1.57	1.53
Employee benefits	980,859		1,182,229	1,433,054	1,594,540	1,798,674	2,019,058	2,265,789	2,496,793	0.49	0.46	0.44	0.46	0.49	0.52	0.56	0.59
Purchased services	798,922		1,362,961	2,462,775	2,783,176	2,985,823	3,283,907	3,185,599	3,279,696	0.40	0.53	0.76	0.80	0.81	0.85	0.79	0.77
Supplies	294,527		398,534	573,670	626,889	703,946	717,844	766,110	772,921	0.15	0.16	0.18	0.18	0.19	0.19	0.19	0.18
Other	613,135		644,849	789,319	913,148	979,722	975,863	926,181	1,085,989	0.30	0.25	0.24	0.26	0.27	0.25	0.23	0.26
Food services	8,430,490		10,648,844	12,948,807	13,816,635	14,466,602	14,930,942	15,652,674	16,423,576	4.17	4.17	4.00	3.97	3.93	3.85	3.88	3.87
Salaries	—		3,844,285	4,606,262	4,966,092	5,131,696	5,325,744	5,409,803	5,606,350	†	1.51	1.42	1.43	1.39	1.37	1.34	1.32
Employee benefits	—		1,103,433	1,267,921	1,381,923	1,493,978	1,636,523	1,790,483	1,934,067	†	0.43	0.39	0.40	0.41	0.42	0.44	0.46
Purchased services	—		627,902	897,762	923,091	1,063,071	1,155,396	1,252,027	1,332,761	†	0.25	0.28	0.26	0.29	0.30	0.31	0.31
Supplies	—		4,916,299	6,041,001	6,420,201	6,615,949	6,641,477	7,009,747	7,385,043	†	1.93	1.87	1.84	1.80	1.71	1.74	1.74
Other	—		156,924	135,861	125,327	161,909	171,801	190,613	165,355	†	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.04
Enterprise operations6	946,705		777,937	818,172	776,463	805,133	907,921	898,209	959,528	0.47	0.30	0.25	0.22	0.22	0.23	0.22	0.23
Salaries	—		179,360	172,977	124,913	160,722	159,366	181,374	203,383	†	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.05
Employee benefits	—		44,545	35,276	23,837	33,423	56,031	77,717	73,816	†	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02
Purchased services	—		183,288	181,666	189,230	183,664	197,885	183,349	205,951	†	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Supplies	—		269,046	286,309	242,052	261,100	298,489	267,031	278,751	†	0.11	0.09	0.07	0.07	0.08	0.07	0.07
Other	—		101,697	141,943	196,430	166,225	196,150	188,738	197,628	†	0.04	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Other current expenditures	3,295,717		4,724,659	5,457,015	6,063,700	6,530,554	6,873,762	6,927,551	7,664,672	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community services	964,370		1,728,669	2,151,043	2,426,189	2,642,514	2,695,832	2,720,844	2,812,880	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Private school programs	527,609		781,148	961,203	1,026,695	1,108,942	1,161,470	1,146,373	1,236,495	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Adult education	1,365,523		1,500,438	1,715,332	1,838,265	1,977,580	2,005,813	1,968,046	1,938,334	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community colleges	5,356		7,746	265	351	400	460	210	435	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other	432,858		706,657	629,172	772,200	801,118	1,010,187	1,092,079	1,676,529	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Capital outlay7	19,771,478		27,555,667	43,357,186	46,220,704	49,960,542	48,940,374	50,842,973	53,540,727	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Interest on school debt	4,324,768		6,259,480	9,135,445	10,165,940	10,495,301	11,499,160	13,080,638	13,301,322	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†

— Not available. † Not applicable. 1 Data have been revised from previously published figures. 2 Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations. 3 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services. 4 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. 5 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services. 6 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). Includes very small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts. 7 Includes expenditures for property, and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Data are not adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar due to inflation. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2004-05. (This table was prepared July 2007.)