Table 418.

Collections, staff, and operating expenditures of degree-granting institution libraries: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2001–02

Collections, staff, and operating expenditures	1976–771	1978–791	1981–82	1984–85	1987–88	1991–92	1994–95	1996–97	1997–98		1999–2000	2001–02
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10		11	12
Number of libraries	3,058	3,122	3,104	3,322	3,438	3,274	3,303	3,408	3,658		3,527	3,568
Number of circulation transactions (in thousands)	—	—	—	—	—	—	231,503	230,733	216,067		193,948	189,248
Enrollment (in thousands)
Total enrollment2	11,121	11,392	12,372	12,242	12,767	14,359	14,279	14,300	14,502		14,791	15,928
Full-time-equivalent enrollment2	8,313	8,348	9,015	8,952	9,230	10,361	10,348	10,402	10,615		10,944	11,766
Collections (in thousands)
Number of volumes at end of year3	481,442	519,895	567,826	631,727	718,504	749,429	776,447	806,717	878,906		913,547	954,030
Number of volumes added during year	22,367	21,608	19,507	20,658	21,907	20,982	21,544	21,346	24,551		24,436	24,574
Number of serial subscriptions at end of year	4,670	4,775	4,890	6,317	6,416	6,966	6,212	5,709	10,908	4	7,499	9,855
Microform units at end of year	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1,062,082		1,111,389	1,143,678
Electronic units at end of year5	—	—	—	—	—	—	465	983	3,473		—	—
Full-time-equivalent (FTE) library staff
Total staff in regular positions6	57,087	58,416	58,476	58,476	67,251	67,166	67,433	67,581	68,337		69,123	69,526
Librarians and professional staff	23,308	23,676	23,816	21,822	25,115	26,341	26,726	27,268	30,041		31,001	32,053
Other paid staff	33,779	34,740	34,660	38,026	40,733	40,421	40,381	40,022	38,026		37,893	37,473
Contributed services	—	—	—	—	1,403	404	326	291	270		229	—
Student assistants	—	—	—	—	33,821	29,075	28,411	27,998	28,373		26,518	25,305
FTE student enrollment per FTE staff member	146	143	154	153	137	154	153	154	155		158	169
Hours of student and other assistance (in thousands)	39,950	39,552	40,068	28,360	—	—	—	—	—		—	—
Library operating expenditures7
Total operating expenditures (in thousands)	$1,259,637	$1,502,158	$1,943,769	$2,404,524	$2,770,075	$3,648,654	$4,013,333	$4,301,815	$4,592,657		$5,023,198	$5,416,716
Salaries8	698,090	824,438	1,081,894	1,156,138	1,451,551	1,889,368	2,021,233	2,147,842	2,314,380		2,430,541	2,753,404
Hourly wages	68,683	79,535	100,847	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—
Fringe benefits	—	—	—	231,209	—	—	—	—	—		271,954	—
Preservation	22,521	25,274	30,351	32,939	34,144	43,126	46,554	45,610	42,919		43,832	46,499
Furniture/equipment	—	—	—	—	—	—	55,915	56,128	57,013		63,459	—
Computer hardware/software	—	—	—	—	—	—	128,128	157,949	164,379		160,294	155,791
Utilities/networks/consortia	—	—	—	—	—	—	81,106	85,113	89,618		90,264	92,242
Information resources	373,699	450,180	561,199	750,282	891,281	1,197,293	1,348,933	1,499,249	1,600,995		1,822,277	1,944,490
Books and serial backfiles—paper	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	514,048		552,100	563,007
Books and serial backfiles—electronic	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	28,061		33,888	44,792
Current serials—paper	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	849,399		945,958	926,105
Current serials—electronic	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	125,470		203,371	297,657
Audiovisual materials	—	—	—	—	—	23,879	28,753	28,879	30,623		32,039	37,041
Document delivery/interlibrary loan	—	—	—	—	—	—	12,238	17,645	19,309		20,540	22,913
Other collection expenditures	373,699	450,180	561,199	750,282	891,281	1,173,414	1,307,942	1,452,725	34,086		34,381	52,976
Other library operating expenditures	96,643	122,731	169,478	233,957	393,099	518,867	331,463	309,925	323,354		140,579	424,290
Operating expenditures per FTE student	152	180	216	269	300	352	388	414	433		459	460
Operating expenditures per FTE student in
constant 2005–06 dollars9	514	523	456	505	516	507	513	518	532		540	514
Operating expenditures (percentage distribution)	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0		100.0	100.0
Salaries8	55.4	54.9	55.7	48.1	52.4	51.8	50.4	49.9	50.4		48.4	50.8
Hourly wages	5.5	5.3	5.2	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—
Fringe benefits	—	—	—	9.6	—	—	—	—	—		5.4	—
Preservation	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	0.9		0.9	0.9
Information resources	29.7	30.0	28.9	31.2	32.2	32.8	33.6	34.9	34.9		36.3	35.9
Other library operating expenditures10	7.7	8.2	8.7	9.7	14.2	14.2	14.9	14.2	13.8		9.0	12.4
Library operating expenditures as percent of total institutional expenditures for educational and general purposes	3.8	3.7	3.5	3.4	3.2	3.0	2.8	—	—		—	—

—Not available. 1 Includes data for U.S. territories. 2 Fall enrollment for the academic year specified. 3 Includes data for schools newly added to the survey system, so end of year figure exceeds total of additions plus end of year value from previous year. 4 Includes microform and electronic serials. 5 Electronic files, formerly labeled "Computer files." 6 Excludes student assistants. 7 Excludes capital outlay. 8 Includes expenditures for fringe benefits (except for 1984–85 and 1987–88), salary equivalents of contributed services staff, and hourly wages for 1996–97 and 1997–98. 9 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. 10 Includes furniture/equipment, computer hardware/software, and utilities/networks/consortia as well as expenditures classified as "other library operating expenditures." NOTE: Data through 1995 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate's or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities, selected years, 1976–77 through 1984–85; 1987–88 through 2001–02 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, "Academic Libraries Survey" (IPEDS-L:88–98), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:87–99), and Spring 2002; and Academic Libraries Survey (ALS), 2000 and 2002. (This table was prepared September 2006.)