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(44KB)| Table 114. | Average scale score in reading and percentage of 4th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1994 through 2005 |
| State or jurisdiction | Average scale score | Average scale score by race/ethnicity,1 2005 | Percent attaining reading achievement levels,2 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1994 | 1998 | 2002 | 2003 | 2005 | White | Black | Hispanic | Asian/Pacific Islander | American Indian/ Alaska Native |
Below basic | Basic or above3 |
Proficient or above4 |
Advanced5 | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | ||||||||||||||
| United States6 | 212 | (1.1) | 213 | (1.2) | 217 | (0.5) | 216 | (0.3) | 217 | (0.2) | 228 | (0.2) | 199 | (0.3) | 201 | (0.5) | 227 | (0.9) | 205 | (1.3) | 38 | (0.3) | 63 | (0.3) | 30 | (0.2) | 7 | (0.1) |
| Alabama | 208 | (1.5) | 211 | (1.9) | 207 | (1.4) | 207 | (1.7) | 208 | (1.2) | 220 | (1.3) | 188 | (1.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 47 | (1.3) | 53 | (1.3) | 22 | (1.3) | 5 | (0.6) |
| Alaska | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 212 | (1.6) | 211 | (1.4) | 225 | (1.3) | 212 | (3.9) | 209 | (3.6) | 206 | (4.0) | 183 | (3.0) | 42 | (1.5) | 58 | (1.5) | 27 | (1.3) | 5 | (0.5) |
| Arizona | 206 | (1.9) | 206 | (1.4) | 205 | (1.5) | 209 | (1.2) | 207 | (1.6) | 224 | (1.9) | 193 | (3.4) | 192 | (1.7) | 224 | (5.3) | ‡ | (†) | 48 | (1.7) | 52 | (1.7) | 24 | (1.7) | 6 | (0.6) |
| Arkansas | 209 | (1.7) | 209 | (1.6) | 213 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.4) | 217 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.0) | 194 | (1.9) | 212 | (4.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 37 | (1.4) | 63 | (1.4) | 30 | (1.1) | 6 | (0.6) |
| California7,8 | 197 | (1.8) | 202 | (2.5) | 206 | (2.5) | 206 | (1.2) | 207 | (0.7) | 225 | (1.2) | 195 | (1.4) | 193 | (0.8) | 223 | (1.8) | 213 | (3.9) | 50 | (0.9) | 50 | (0.9) | 21 | (0.7) | 5 | (0.4) |
| Colorado | 213 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.4) | — | (†) | 224 | (1.2) | 224 | (1.1) | 232 | (1.2) | 207 | (3.0) | 206 | (1.6) | 231 | (3.9) | ‡ | (†) | 31 | (1.3) | 70 | (1.3) | 37 | (1.6) | 8 | (0.9) |
| Connecticut | 222 | (1.6) | 230 | (1.6) | 229 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.0) | 234 | (1.1) | 201 | (1.9) | 203 | (2.2) | 236 | (4.2) | ‡ | (†) | 29 | (1.2) | 71 | (1.2) | 38 | (1.2) | 12 | (1.0) |
| Delaware | 206 | (1.1) | 207 | (1.7) | 224 | (0.6) | 224 | (0.7) | 226 | (0.8) | 235 | (0.9) | 212 | (1.1) | 216 | (2.2) | 239 | (4.5) | ‡ | (†) | 27 | (1.4) | 73 | (1.4) | 34 | (1.2) | 7 | (0.8) |
| District of Columbia | — | (†) | 179 | (1.2) | 191 | (0.9) | 188 | (0.9) | 191 | (1.0) | 252 | (3.9) | 187 | (1.0) | 193 | (3.4) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 67 | (1.0) | 33 | (1.0) | 11 | (0.8) | 2 | (0.4) |
| Florida | 205 | (1.7) | 206 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.1) | 220 | (0.9) | 228 | (1.4) | 203 | (1.6) | 215 | (1.6) | 230 | (4.0) | ‡ | (†) | 35 | (1.0) | 65 | (1.0) | 30 | (1.2) | 7 | (0.7) |
| Georgia | 207 | (2.4) | 209 | (1.4) | 215 | (1.0) | 214 | (1.3) | 214 | (1.2) | 226 | (1.2) | 199 | (1.5) | 203 | (4.2) | 243 | (5.1) | ‡ | (†) | 42 | (1.5) | 58 | (1.5) | 26 | (1.5) | 6 | (0.7) |
| Hawaii | 201 | (1.7) | 200 | (1.5) | 208 | (0.9) | 208 | (1.4) | 210 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.7) | 206 | (4.8) | 211 | (4.8) | 206 | (1.1) | ‡ | (†) | 47 | (1.2) | 53 | (1.2) | 23 | (1.4) | 5 | (0.6) |
| Idaho | — | (†) | — | (†) | 220 | (1.1) | 218 | (1.0) | 222 | (0.9) | 226 | (0.8) | ‡ | (†) | 199 | (2.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 31 | (1.1) | 69 | (1.1) | 33 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.6) |
| Illinois | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 216 | (1.6) | 217 | (1.2) | 230 | (1.1) | 194 | (2.1) | 199 | (2.5) | 230 | (4.8) | ‡ | (†) | 38 | (1.3) | 62 | (1.3) | 29 | (1.3) | 7 | (0.7) |
| Indiana | 220 | (1.3) | — | (†) | 222 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.0) | 218 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.2) | 197 | (2.4) | 208 | (2.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 36 | (1.3) | 64 | (1.3) | 30 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.7) |
| Iowa7,8 | 223 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.6) | 223 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.1) | 221 | (0.9) | 224 | (0.9) | 201 | (3.6) | 200 | (2.9) | 224 | (5.9) | ‡ | (†) | 33 | (1.3) | 68 | (1.3) | 33 | (1.2) | 7 | (0.5) |
| Kansas7,8 | — | (†) | 221 | (1.4) | 222 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.2) | 221 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.3) | 196 | (2.5) | 203 | (2.8) | 238 | (4.9) | ‡ | (†) | 34 | (1.5) | 66 | (1.5) | 33 | (1.3) | 8 | (1.0) |
| Kentucky | 212 | (1.6) | 218 | (1.5) | 219 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.1) | 203 | (2.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 35 | (1.5) | 65 | (1.5) | 31 | (1.2) | 8 | (0.8) |
| Louisiana | 197 | (1.3) | 200 | (1.6) | 207 | (1.7) | 205 | (1.4) | 209 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.1) | 195 | (1.7) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 47 | (1.8) | 53 | (1.8) | 20 | (1.4) | 4 | (0.6) |
| Maine | 228 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.4) | 225 | (1.1) | 224 | (0.9) | 225 | (0.9) | 225 | (1.0) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 29 | (1.2) | 71 | (1.2) | 35 | (1.3) | 9 | (0.8) |
| Maryland | 210 | (1.5) | 212 | (1.6) | 217 | (1.5) | 219 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.3) | 233 | (1.5) | 201 | (1.5) | 210 | (2.7) | 239 | (3.6) | ‡ | (†) | 35 | (1.4) | 65 | (1.4) | 32 | (1.5) | 8 | (0.7) |
| Massachusetts7 | 223 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.4) | 234 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.2) | 231 | (0.9) | 237 | (0.9) | 211 | (1.9) | 203 | (2.4) | 234 | (4.1) | ‡ | (†) | 22 | (1.2) | 78 | (1.2) | 44 | (1.4) | 12 | (0.9) |
| Michigan | — | (†) | 216 | (1.5) | 219 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.5) | 226 | (1.4) | 190 | (2.7) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 37 | (1.7) | 63 | (1.7) | 32 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.9) |
| Minnesota7,8 | 218 | (1.4) | 219 | (1.7) | 225 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.3) | 231 | (1.3) | 192 | (3.8) | 204 | (3.6) | 216 | (4.6) | ‡ | (†) | 29 | (1.6) | 71 | (1.6) | 38 | (1.7) | 11 | (0.9) |
| Mississippi | 202 | (1.6) | 203 | (1.3) | 203 | (1.3) | 205 | (1.3) | 204 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.4) | 190 | (1.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 52 | (1.7) | 48 | (1.7) | 18 | (1.4) | 3 | (0.5) |
| Missouri | 217 | (1.5) | 216 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.3) | 222 | (1.2) | 221 | (0.9) | 226 | (0.9) | 200 | (2.6) | 210 | (4.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 33 | (1.2) | 67 | (1.2) | 33 | (1.3) | 7 | (0.8) |
| Montana7,8 | 222 | (1.4) | 225 | (1.5) | 224 | (1.8) | 223 | (1.2) | 225 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.1) | ‡ | (†) | 226 | (4.5) | ‡ | (†) | 210 | (2.0) | 29 | (1.2) | 71 | (1.2) | 36 | (1.4) | 8 | (0.9) |
| Nebraska9 | 220 | (1.5) | — | (†) | 222 | (1.5) | 221 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.2) | 228 | (1.2) | 194 | (2.5) | 202 | (2.5) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 32 | (1.4) | 68 | (1.4) | 34 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.8) |
| Nevada | — | — | 206 | (1.8) | 209 | (1.2) | 207 | (1.2) | 207 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.5) | 192 | (2.6) | 195 | (1.7) | 212 | (3.4) | ‡ | (†) | 48 | (1.5) | 52 | (1.5) | 21 | (1.3) | 4 | (0.6) |
| New Hampshire7 | 223 | (1.5) | 226 | (1.7) | — | (†) | 228 | (1.0) | 227 | (0.9) | 228 | (0.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 26 | (1.1) | 74 | (1.1) | 39 | (1.4) | 9 | (0.8) |
| New Jersey | 219 | (1.2) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 225 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.3) | 233 | (1.1) | 199 | (2.4) | 206 | (2.3) | 241 | (2.6) | ‡ | (†) | 32 | (1.6) | 68 | (1.6) | 37 | (1.5) | 10 | (0.8) |
| New Mexico | 205 | (1.7) | 205 | (1.4) | 208 | (1.6) | 203 | (1.5) | 207 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.5) | 206 | (5.3) | 199 | (1.6) | ‡ | (†) | 190 | (2.6) | 49 | (1.5) | 51 | (1.5) | 21 | (1.4) | 4 | (0.5) |
| New York7,8 | 212 | (1.4) | 215 | (1.6) | 222 | (1.5) | 222 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.1) | 232 | (0.9) | 207 | (1.8) | 208 | (1.9) | 237 | (2.9) | ‡ | (†) | 31 | (1.5) | 69 | (1.5) | 33 | (1.2) | 8 | (0.6) |
| North Carolina | 214 | (1.5) | 213 | (1.6) | 222 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.0) | 217 | (1.0) | 227 | (1.2) | 201 | (1.5) | 204 | (2.4) | 221 | (6.2) | ‡ | (†) | 39 | (1.5) | 62 | (1.5) | 29 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.6) |
| North Dakota8 | 225 | (1.2) | — | (†) | 224 | (1.0) | 222 | (0.9) | 225 | (0.7) | 228 | (0.7) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 199 | (2.9) | 28 | (1.1) | 72 | (1.1) | 36 | (1.1) | 7 | (0.6) |
| Ohio | — | (†) | — | (†) | 222 | (1.3) | 222 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.4) | 230 | (1.3) | 197 | (1.9) | 211 | (5.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 31 | (1.6) | 69 | (1.6) | 34 | (1.6) | 8 | (0.9) |
| Oklahoma | — | (†) | 219 | (1.2) | 213 | (1.2) | 214 | (1.2) | 214 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.3) | 197 | (2.9) | 204 | (3.2) | ‡ | (†) | 211 | (1.8) | 40 | (1.6) | 60 | (1.6) | 25 | (1.5) | 5 | (0.7) |
| Oregon | — | (†) | 212 | (1.8) | 220 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.3) | 217 | (1.4) | 223 | (1.2) | 200 | (4.8) | 194 | (2.2) | 221 | (4.2) | ‡ | (†) | 38 | (1.7) | 62 | (1.7) | 29 | (1.5) | 7 | (0.7) |
| Pennsylvania9 | 215 | (1.6) | — | (†) | 221 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.3) | 229 | (1.3) | 200 | (2.5) | 203 | (4.3) | 234 | (5.4) | ‡ | (†) | 31 | (1.6) | 69 | (1.6) | 36 | (1.5) | 9 | (0.8) |
| Rhode Island9 | 220 | (1.3) | 218 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.2) | 216 | (1.3) | 216 | (1.2) | 224 | (1.1) | 197 | (3.2) | 192 | (2.5) | 219 | (6.1) | ‡ | (†) | 38 | (1.5) | 62 | (1.5) | 30 | (1.3) | 7 | (0.8) |
| South Carolina | 203 | (1.4) | 209 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.3) | 215 | (1.3) | 213 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.7) | 197 | (1.4) | 215 | (4.4) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 43 | (1.7) | 57 | (1.7) | 26 | (1.3) | 6 | (0.7) |
| South Dakota | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 222 | (1.2) | 222 | (0.5) | 222 | (0.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 201 | (2.3) | 30 | (1.1) | 70 | (1.1) | 33 | (1.3) | 6 | (0.7) |
| Tennessee8,9 | 213 | (1.7) | 212 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.2) | 212 | (1.6) | 214 | (1.4) | 222 | (1.5) | 195 | (2.5) | 199 | (4.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 41 | (1.7) | 59 | (1.7) | 27 | (1.8) | 6 | (0.8) |
| Texas | 212 | (1.9) | 214 | (1.9) | 217 | (1.7) | 215 | (1.0) | 219 | (0.8) | 232 | (1.0) | 206 | (1.7) | 210 | (1.2) | 234 | (3.6) | ‡ | (†) | 36 | (1.1) | 64 | (1.1) | 29 | (0.9) | 6 | (0.5) |
| Utah | 217 | (1.3) | 216 | (1.2) | 222 | (1.0) | 219 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.0) | ‡ | (†) | 199 | (2.4) | 218 | (4.2) | ‡ | (†) | 32 | (1.3) | 68 | (1.3) | 34 | (1.3) | 8 | (0.8) |
| Vermont | — | (†) | — | (†) | 227 | (1.1) | 226 | (0.9) | 227 | (0.9) | 227 | (0.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 28 | (1.3) | 72 | (1.3) | 39 | (1.2) | 10 | (1.0) |
| Virginia | 213 | (1.5) | 217 | (1.2) | 225 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.5) | 226 | (0.8) | 233 | (1.0) | 207 | (1.2) | 218 | (2.2) | 239 | (2.7) | ‡ | (†) | 28 | (1.5) | 72 | (1.5) | 37 | (1.4) | 8 | (0.8) |
| Washington8 | 213 | (1.5) | 218 | (1.4) | 224 | (1.2) | 221 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.1) | 212 | (2.8) | 202 | (2.5) | 230 | (2.6) | ‡ | (†) | 30 | (1.4) | 70 | (1.4) | 36 | (1.4) | 8 | (0.9) |
| West Virginia | 213 | (1.1) | 216 | (1.7) | 219 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.0) | 215 | (0.8) | 215 | (0.8) | 202 | (3.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 40 | (1.1) | 61 | (1.1) | 26 | (1.0) | 5 | (0.7) |
| Wisconsin7,8,9 | 224 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.1) | — | (†) | 221 | (0.8) | 221 | (1.0) | 227 | (1.0) | 194 | (2.5) | 208 | (3.5) | 226 | (4.5) | ‡ | (†) | 33 | (1.3) | 67 | (1.3) | 33 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.7) |
| Wyoming | 221 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.5) | 221 | (1.0) | 222 | (0.8) | 223 | (0.7) | 227 | (0.8) | 199 | (†) | 204 | (3.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 29 | (1.2) | 71 | (1.2) | 35 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.6) |
| Department of Defense dependents schools10 |
— | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 226 | (0.6) | 232 | (0.9) | 218 | (2.0) | 219 | (1.7) | 223 | (3.0) | ‡ | (†) | 25 | (1.0) | 75 | (1.0) | 36 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.8) |
| Domestic schools | — | (†) | 219 | (1.6) | 225 | (0.7) | 223 | (1.2) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
| Overseas schools | 218 | (0.9) | 221 | (1.0) | 224 | (0.5) | 225 | (0.6) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
| Other jurisdictions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guam | 181 | (1.2) | — | (†) | 185 | (1.3) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
| Virgin Islands | — | (†) | 174 | (2.2) | 179 | (1.9) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
| —Not available. † Not applicable. ‡ Reporting standards not met. 1 Based on school records. 2 Achievement levels are in trial status. 3 The basic level denotes partial mastery of the knowledge and skills that are fundamental for proficient work at the 4th-grade level. 4 This level represents solid academic performance for 4th-graders. Students reaching this level have demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter. 5 This level signifies superior performance. 6 Based on nationally representative sample. Forty-one states and Guam participated in the test in 1994; 44 jurisdictions (state, territory, and Department of Defense schools) participated in 1998; 50 participated in 2002; and 53 participated in 2003 and 2005. 7 Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1998. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 8 Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2002. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 9 Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1994. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 10 The definition of the nationally representative sample changed in 2005; it now includes all of the Department of Defense schools. NOTE: The reading data include students for whom accommodations were permitted. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2003, and 2005; and NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved October 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.) |
