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Digest of Education Statistics
2004 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest

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Table 114. Average scale score in reading for 4th-graders in public schools, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1994 to 2003 

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                        |           |           |           |                           2003
                        |           |           |           |__________________________________________________________________
State or                |           |           |           |           |                  Race/ethnicity\1\
jurisdiction            |       1994|       1998|       2002|           |______________________________________________________
                        |    Average|    Average|    Average|    Average|          |          |          |          |  American
                        |           |           |           |           |    White,|    Black,| Hispanic |   Asian/ |   Indian/
                        |           |           |           |           |     non- |      non-|          |  Pacific |   Alaska
                        |           |           |           |           |  Hispanic|  Hispanic|          | Islander |   Native
________________________|___________|___________|___________|___________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
1                       |         2 |         3 |         4 |         5 |        6 |        7 |        8 |        9 |       10
________________________|___________|___________|___________|___________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
   United States\2\ ....| 212  (1.1)| 213  (1.2)| 217  (0.5)| 216  (0.3)| 227 (0.2)| 197 (0.4)| 199 (0.6)| 225 (1.3)|202  (1.4)
                        |___________|___________|___________|___________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
Alabama ................| 208  (1.5)| 211  (1.9)| 207  (1.4)| 207  (1.7)| 219 (1.5)| 188 (2.5)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Alaska .................|---    (†) |---    (†) |---    (†) | 212  (1.6)| 226 (1.2)| 209 (3.5)| 209 (3.0)| 207 (4.5)|184  (2.5)
Arizona  ...............| 206  (1.9)| 206  (1.4)| 205  (1.5)| 209  (1.2)| 223 (1.4)| 196 (3.4)| 195 (1.9)| 225 (4.9)|182  (2.5)
Arkansas ...............| 209  (1.7)| 209  (1.6)| 213  (1.4)| 214  (1.4)| 223 (1.3)| 190 (2.3)| 204(4.1)!|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
California\3,4\ ........| 197  (1.8)| 202  (2.5)| 206  (2.5)| 206  (1.2)| 224 (1.7)| 193 (3.1)| 191 (1.3)| 224 (3.2)| ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Colorado ...............| 213  (1.3)| 220  (1.4)|---    (†) | 224  (1.2)| 232 (1.2)| 208 (2.6)| 205 (1.6)| 225 (3.7)| ‡    (†)
Connecticut ............| 222  (1.6)| 230  (1.6)| 229  (1.1)| 228  (1.1)| 238 (1.2)| 201 (2.2)| 206 (2.5)| 231 (3.9)| ‡    (†)
Delaware ...............| 206  (1.1)| 207  (1.7)| 224  (0.6)| 224  (0.7)| 233 (0.7)| 211 (1.1)| 209 (3.0)| 238 (3.5)| ‡    (†)
District of Columbia ...|---    (†) | 179  (1.2)| 191  (0.9)| 188  (0.9)| 254 (2.6)| 184 (0.8)| 187 (2.8)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Florida ................| 205  (1.7)| 206  (1.4)| 214  (1.4)| 218  (1.1)| 229 (1.3)| 198 (1.9)| 211 (2.2)| 233 (6.2)| ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Georgia ................| 207  (2.4)| 209  (1.4)| 215  (1.0)| 214  (1.3)| 226 (1.4)| 199 (1.3)| 201 (3.5)| 233 (6.2)| ‡    (†)
Hawaii .................| 201  (1.7)| 200  (1.5)| 208  (0.9)| 208  (1.4)| 221 (2.2)| 211 (3.0)| 204 (4.7)| 205 (1.6)| ‡    (†)
Idaho ..................|---    (†) |---    (†) | 220  (1.1)| 218  (1.0)| 222 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) | 199 (2.1)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Illinois ...............|---    (†) |---    (†) |---    (†) | 216  (1.6)| 228 (1.8)| 194 (1.8)| 197 (3.1)| 235 (4.9)| ‡    (†)
Indiana ................| 220  (1.3)|---    (†) | 222  (1.4)| 220  (1.0)| 224 (1.0)| 197 (3.9)| 212(3.1)!|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Iowa\3,4\ ..............| 223  (1.3)| 220  (1.6)| 223  (1.1)| 223  (1.1)| 226 (1.1)| 196 (2.7)| 205 (3.6)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Kansas\3,4\ ............|---    (†) | 221  (1.4)| 222  (1.4)| 220  (1.2)| 225 (1.3)| 197 (2.9)| 207 (2.5)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Kentucky ...............| 212  (1.6)| 218  (1.5)| 219  (1.1)| 219  (1.3)| 221 (1.2)| 202 (3.3)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Louisiana ..............| 197  (1.3)| 200  (1.6)| 207  (1.7)| 205  (1.4)| 223 (1.4)| 189 (1.6)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Maine ..................| 228  (1.3)| 225  (1.4)| 225  (1.1)| 224  (0.9)| 224 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Maryland ...............| 210  (1.5)| 212  (1.6)| 217  (1.5)| 219  (1.4)| 231 (1.5)| 200 (2.1)| 209 (4.5)| 237 (4.0)| ‡    (†)
Massachusetts\3\ .......| 223  (1.3)| 223  (1.4)| 234  (1.1)| 228  (1.2)| 234 (1.3)| 207 (1.6)| 202 (2.1)| 229 (3.4)| ‡    (†)
Michigan ...............|---    (†) | 216  (1.5)| 219  (1.1)| 219  (1.2)| 228 (0.9)| 189 (2.0)| 205(3.4)!| 232(8.4)!| ‡    (†)
Minnesota\3,4\ .........| 218  (1.4)| 219  (1.7)| 225  (1.1)| 223  (1.1)| 229 (1.0)| 194 (3.4)| 195 (3.7)| 197 (2.8)| ‡    (†)
Mississippi ............| 202  (1.6)| 203  (1.3)| 203  (1.3)| 205  (1.3)| 221 (1.3)| 192 (1.7)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Missouri ...............| 217  (1.5)| 216  (1.3)| 220  (1.3)| 222  (1.2)| 227 (1.3)| 203 (1.7)| 218 (4.2)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Montana\3,4\ ...........| 222  (1.4)| 225  (1.5)| 224  (1.8)| 223  (1.2)| 227 (1.0)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |195  (4.0)
Nebraska\5\ ............| 220  (1.5)|---    (†) | 222  (1.5)| 221  (1.0)| 225 (1.1)| 203 (2.9)| 202 (2.7)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Nevada .................|---   ---  | 206  (1.8)| 209  (1.2)| 207  (1.2)| 217 (1.5)| 193 (3.0)| 192 (2.0)| 214 (2.6)|190(6.0)!
New Hampshire\3\ .......| 223  (1.5)| 226  (1.7)|---    (†) | 228  (1.0)| 229 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) | 206 (4.5)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
New Jersey .............| 219  (1.2)|---    (†) |---    (†) | 225  (1.2)| 235 (1.4)| 200 (3.3)| 212 (2.1)| 235 (3.3)| ‡    (†)
New Mexico .............| 205  (1.7)| 205  (1.4)| 208  (1.6)| 203  (1.5)| 222 (2.0)| 202 (5.2)| 197 (1.9)|  ‡   (†) |182  (2.6)
New York\3,4\ ..........| 212  (1.4)| 215  (1.6)| 222  (1.5)| 222  (1.1)| 235 (1.3)| 203 (1.9)| 208 (1.9)| 230 (2.5)| ‡    (†)
North Carolina .........| 214  (1.5)| 213  (1.6)| 222  (1.0)| 221  (1.0)| 232 (1.1)| 203 (1.2)| 212 (2.8)| 227 (3.8)|200(5.5)!
North Dakota\4\ ........| 225  (1.2)|---    (†) | 224  (1.0)| 222  (0.9)| 224 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |202  (1.8)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Ohio  ..................|---    (†) |---    (†) | 222  (1.3)| 222  (1.2)| 226 (1.3)| 202 (2.4)| 207 (5.7)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Oklahoma ...............|---    (†) | 219  (1.2)| 213  (1.2)| 214  (1.2)| 220 (1.3)| 195 (2.5)| 200 (3.0)|  ‡   (†) |206  (2.9)
Oregon .................|---    (†) | 212  (1.8)| 220  (1.4)| 218  (1.3)| 222 (1.2)| 202 (5.1)| 199 (2.3)| 219 (4.0)| ‡    (†)
Pennsylvania\5\ ........| 215  (1.6)|---    (†) | 221  (1.2)| 219  (1.3)| 227 (1.2)| 191 (2.3)| 195(4.4)!|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Rhode Island\5\ ........| 220  (1.3)| 218  (1.4)| 220  (1.2)| 216  (1.3)| 224 (1.3)| 196 (3.3)| 196 (2.7)| 221 (3.5)| ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
South Carolina .........| 203  (1.4)| 209  (1.4)| 214  (1.3)| 215  (1.3)| 226 (1.5)| 199 (1.4)| 205 (5.7)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
South Dakota ...........|---    (†) |---    (†) |---    (†) | 222  (1.2)| 227 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |197  (3.4)
Tennessee\4,5\ .........| 213  (1.7)| 212  (1.4)| 214  (1.2)| 212  (1.6)| 220 (1.4)| 188 (2.7)| 206 (5.6)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Texas ..................| 212  (1.9)| 214  (1.9)| 217  (1.7)| 215  (1.0)| 227 (1.6)| 202 (1.9)| 205 (1.3)| 229(4.3)!| ‡    (†)
Utah ...................| 217  (1.3)| 216  (1.2)| 222  (1.0)| 219  (1.0)| 223 (1.0)|  ‡   (†) | 194 (2.7)| 212 (5.1)| ‡    (†)
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Vermont ................|---    (†) |---    (†) | 227  (1.1)| 226  (0.9)| 226 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Virginia ...............| 213  (1.5)| 217  (1.2)| 225  (1.3)| 223  (1.5)| 231 (2.0)| 206 (2.1)| 210 (3.0)| 235 (4.5)| ‡    (†)
Washington\4\ ..........| 213  (1.5)| 218  (1.4)| 224  (1.2)| 221  (1.1)| 226 (1.1)| 212 (2.4)| 201 (2.7)| 218 (2.9)|208  (4.9)
West Virginia ..........| 213  (1.1)| 216  (1.7)| 219  (1.2)| 219  (1.0)| 220 (1.0)| 203 (3.7)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
Wisconsin\3,4,5\ .......| 224  (1.1)| 222  (1.1)|---    (†) | 221  (0.8)| 225 (1.0)| 200 (2.5)| 209(3.5)!| 213 (4.6)|211(3.5)!
Wyoming ................| 221  (1.2)| 218  (1.5)| 221  (1.0)| 222  (0.8)| 224 (0.8)|  ‡   (†) | 214 (2.5)|  ‡   (†) |189  (3.5)
                        |___________|___________|___________|___________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________
                        |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
Department of Defense   |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
   dependents schools   |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
  Domestic schools .....|---    (†) | 219  (1.6)| 225  (0.7)| 223  (1.2)| 232 (1.6)| 213 (2.1)| 216 (3.0)|  ‡   (†) | ‡    (†)
  Overseas schools .....| 218  (0.9)| 221  (1.0)| 224  (0.5)| 225  (0.6)| 230 (1.0)| 215 (1.7)| 220 (2.1)| 223 (2.0)| ‡    (†)
                        |===========|===========|===========|===========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========
Other jurisdictions     |           |           |           |           |          |          |          |          |
  Guam .................| 181  (1.2)|---    (†) | 185  (1.3)|---    (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†)
  Virgin Islands .......|---    (†) | 174  (2.2)| 179  (1.9)|---    (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†)
________________________|___________|___________|___________|___________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________

---Not available.
†Not applicable. !Interpret data with caution.
‡Reporting standards not met.
\1\Based on school records.
\2\Based on nationally representative sample. Forty-one states and Guam participated in the test in 1994; 44 jurisdictions (state, territory, and Department of Defense schools) participated in 1998; 50 jurisdictions participated in 2002; and 53 participated in 2003.
\3\Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1998. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.
\4\Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2002. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.
\5\Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1994. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.

NOTE: Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Unlike data for previous years, the 2002 and 2003 data are from samples where accommodations were permitted for special needs students. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1998, 2002, and 2003 Reading Report Cards for the Nation and the States. (This table was prepared August 2004.)


2004 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest

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