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(16 KB)| Table 47. | Children's mean reading, mathematics, and general knowledge performance in kindergarten and first grade, by child and family characteristics: Fall 1998, spring 1999, fall 1999, and spring 2000 |
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| General knowledge | Reading, overall | Reading, percent | Mathematics, overall |Mathematics, percent with addi-
Child and | performance \1\ | performance \1\ | reading sight words\2\ | performance \1\ |tion and subtraction skills\2\
family characteristics |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________|_______________________________
|Kindergarten|1st grade |Kindergarten|1st grade |Kindergarten|1st grade |Kindergarten|1st grade |Kindergarten |1st grade
|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|_______________|_______________
|Fall |Spring|Fall |Spring|Fall |Spring|Fall |Spring|Fall |Spring|Fall |Spring|Fall |Spring|Fall |Spring| Fall |Spring | Fall |Spring
_________________________|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_______|_______|_______|_______
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21
_________________________|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_______|_______|_______|_______
| Student performance
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total .................|22.7 | 27.7 |30.9 | 35.5 |22.9 | 33.0 |38.7 | 55.7 | 2.7 | 13.6 |25.8 | 78.3 |19.8 | 28.0 |33.0 | 43.8 | 4.4 | 17.5 | 35.0 | 74.0
|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_______|_______|_______|_______
Sex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Male ..................|23.0 | 28.1 |31.3 | 35.9 |22.5 | 32.0 |37.7 | 54.5 | 2.8 | 11.9 |23.3 | 74.9 |20.1 | 28.2 |33.5 | 44.1 | 4.4 | 18.4 | 35.9 | 73.8
Female ................|22.4 | 27.4 |30.4 | 35.1 |23.4 | 34.1 |39.7 | 56.9 | 2.6 | 15.3 |28.3 | 81.8 |19.6 | 27.7 |33.0 | 43.5 | 3.0 | 16.7 | 33.0 | 73.6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic ...|24.9 | 30.0 |33.1 | 37.5 |24.2 | 34.8 |40.4 | 57.9 | 3.2 | 15.9 |29.3 | 83.3 |21.3 | 29.7 |35.2 | 45.7 | 4.9 | 21.9 | 40.8 | 79.7
Black, non-Hispanic ...|17.5 | 22.4 |25.9 | 30.7 |20.3 | 29.7 |34.6 | 50.4 | 0.8 | 7.9 |16.7 | 67.1 |16.7 | 23.9 |28.8 | 39.2 | 0.8 | 7.2 | 20.0 | 58.8
Hispanic ..............|19.6 | 25.2 |28.0 | 33.2 |20.6 | 30.6 |36.1 | 52.7 | 1.7 | 9.7 |20.0 | 71.5 |17.5 | 25.5 |30.9 | 41.7 | 1.7 | 11.7 | 25.9 | 67.5
Asian/Pacific Islander |19.9 | 25.0 |28.0 | 32.5 |27.0 | 37.3 |43.5 | 59.3 |10.6 | 28.0 |39.0 | 82.0 |21.2 | 28.8 |35.0 | 43.1 | 6.9 | 23.7 | 40.0 | 70.0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Parent education | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less than high school .|16.3 | 21.9 |24.9 | 29.8 |17.4 | 26.7 |30.7 | 46.2 |(\3\)| 2.9 | 7.7 | 57.0 |14.5 | 21.7 |26.4 | 37.8 | (\3\) | 3.6 | 13.7 | 53.9
High school ...........|19.9 | 24.6 |27.6 | 32.6 |20.1 | 30.0 |34.8 | 52.0 | 1.3 | 7.3 |16.0 | 70.0 |17.3 | 24.8 |30.1 | 40.5 | 1.2 | 9.8 | 23.4 | 63.3
Some college ..........|22.4 | 27.6 |30.9 | 36.0 |22.3 | 32.5 |38.2 | 55.2 | 1.7 | 11.2 |24.2 | 80.0 |19.3 | 27.6 |32.9 | 43.7 | 2.3 | 14.6 | 31.7 | 74.7
Bachelor's or higher ..|26.7 | 31.9 |34.9 | 39.2 |27.3 | 38.1 |44.1 | 61.8 | 5.4 | 23.9 |39.8 | 89.0 |23.8 | 32.3 |38.0 | 48.0 | 8.2 | 30.4 | 51.4 | 84.9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Socioeconomic status | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Lowest 20 percent .....|16.6 | 21.6 |24.4 | 29.4 |17.5 | 26.7 |30.9 | 46.1 |(\3\)| 4.0 | 8.1 | 55.9 |14.7 | 21.8 |26.4 | 37.2 | (\3\) | 4.4 | 14.2 | 51.6
Middle 60 percent .....|22.4 | 27.6 |30.7 | 36.0 |22.5 | 32.8 |38.3 | 55.6 | 1.8 | 11.6 |24.3 | 79.9 |19.5 | 27.7 |33.0 | 43.7 | 2.5 | 15.4 | 32.6 | 74.3
Highest 20 percent ....|27.8 | 32.7 |35.9 | 39.9 |28.2 | 39.2 |45.2 | 62.5 | 6.8 | 26.5 |42.6 | 89.7 |24.6 | 33.1 |38.9 | 48.6 | 9.6 | 32.9 | 54.4 | 87.0
|=====|======|=====|======|=====|======|=====|======|=====|======|=====|======|=====|======|=====|======|=======|=======|=======|=======
| Standard errors
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total .................| 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.2
|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_______|_______|_______|_______
Sex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Male ..................| 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.6
Female ................| 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
White, non-Hispanic ...| 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.3
Black, non-Hispanic ...| 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 2.0
Hispanic ..............| 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.5
Asian/Pacific Islander | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 5.5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Parent education | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less than high school .| 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 2.3 | 3.9
High school ...........| 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 2.3
Some college ..........| 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.3
Bachelor's or higher ..| 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Socioeconomic status | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Lowest 20 percent .....| 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 2.4
Middle 60 percent .....| 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.3
Highest 20 percent ....| 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.3
_______________________________|______|_____|____________|______|_____|____________|______|_____|______|_____|______|_____|______|_______|_______|_______|_______
|
| \1\Performance estimates are mean scale scores. Scale scores range as follows: General knowledge, 0-51; Reading, 0-92; and Mathematics, 0-64. \2\Student was assumed to have mastered a particular skill if at least three of the four items in the subject cluster were answered correctly. \3\Less than .05 percent NOTE: Estimates based on children who entered kindergarten for the first time in the fall of 1998 and were assessed in English for all four rounds of data collection. Approximately 67 percent of Hispanic children and 82 percent of Asian children were assessed in English in all four rounds of data collection. First grade estimates include children promoted to first grade on time and also include the scores of the small percentage of children (i.e., 5 percent) who repeated kindergarten in 1999-2000. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99, First Grade, Restricted-Use Files. (This table was prepared September 2001.) |
