Elementary and Secondary Education
Student Effort, Persistence and Progress
Table A-29-1. Percentage of youth ages 16–24 who were neither enrolled in school nor working, by selected characteristics: Selected years, 1990–2011
| Characteristic |
1990 |
1995 |
2000 |
2005 |
2010 |
2011 |
| Total |
13.7 |
13.9 |
11.5 |
13.1 |
15.5 |
14.5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Male |
9.8 |
10.5 |
8.8 |
11.1 |
15.0 |
14.0 |
| Female |
17.6 |
17.3 |
14.3 |
15.2 |
16.0 |
15.0 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 16–17 |
4.6 |
4.0 |
3.8 |
3.6 |
3.3 |
2.9 |
| 18–19 |
13.1 |
13.7 |
11.2 |
13.1 |
14.9 |
13.0 |
| 20–24 |
17.4 |
18.0 |
15.0 |
17.2 |
20.8 |
19.7 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Household type (family relationship)1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Family householder or spouse of householder |
— |
— |
24.4 |
27.3 |
30.2 |
29.2 |
| Child of householder |
— |
— |
7.0 |
8.8 |
11.2 |
10.2 |
| Not in family groups |
— |
— |
10.8 |
11.4 |
14.5 |
14.9 |
| Other |
— |
— |
18.3 |
18.7 |
23.0 |
19.7 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Race/ethnicity2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| White |
11.1 |
10.5 |
8.3 |
10.2 |
12.6 |
12.3 |
| Black |
22.2 |
22.6 |
19.2 |
20.0 |
22.4 |
19.4 |
| Hispanic |
21.3 |
22.8 |
18.8 |
18.4 |
20.0 |
18.4 |
| Asian/Pacific Islander |
— |
— |
— |
9.6 |
12.3 |
9.0 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Citizenship3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| U.S.-born |
— |
— |
— |
— |
15.1 |
14.0 |
| Naturalized U.S. citizen |
— |
— |
— |
— |
13.5 |
14.3 |
| Non-U.S. citizen |
— |
— |
— |
— |
21.9 |
20.0 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Family poverty4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Poor |
32.9 |
32.0 |
24.5 |
27.7 |
29.0 |
27.4 |
| Nonpoor |
10.3 |
9.9 |
8.9 |
10.1 |
12.2 |
11.0 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Geographic region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Northeast |
12.3 |
13.1 |
10.2 |
12.6 |
13.0 |
13.6 |
| Midwest |
12.9 |
11.7 |
10.0 |
12.0 |
14.2 |
12.4 |
| South |
14.5 |
15.2 |
12.8 |
14.8 |
17.0 |
15.8 |
| West |
14.9 |
15.0 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
16.5 |
15.0 |
| — Not available. |
| 1"Householder" refers to the person (or one of the people) in whose name the housing unit is owned or rented (maintained) or, if there is no such person, any adult member, excluding roomers, boarders, or paid employees. If the house is owned or rented jointly by a married couple, the householder may be either spouse. “Child of householder” includes unmarried college students living in dormitories. “Not in family groups” includes nonfamily householders, unrelated persons in households, and those living in group quarters. “Other” includes other relatives living with the householder (not a spouse or child), as well as those in related or unrelated subfamilies. |
| 2Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Other races/ethnicities are included in the total but are not shown separately. Prior to 2003, estimates for Asian and Pacific Islander only were not available. |
| 3U.S.-born includes foreign-born U.S. citizens. Naturalized U.S. citizens are those who, having been born in another country or otherwise reared as a foreigner, have been granted U.S. citizenship and the rights and privileges of that status. |
| 4Poor is defined to include families below the poverty threshold; nonpoor is defined to include families at or above the poverty threshold. |
NOTE: The data presented here represent the percentage of civilian, noninstitutionalized 16- to 24-year-olds who are neither enrolled in school nor working. For more information on the Current Population Survey (CPS), see Appendix B - Guide to Sources. For more information on poverty or race/ethnicity, see Appendix C - Commonly Used Measures.
|
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), March Supplement and Annual Social and Economic Supplement, selected years, 1990-2011. |
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