Elementary and Secondary Education

Assessments

Table S-3-3. Standard errors for the average scores for selected language, literacy, mathematics, and motor skills, and percentage of children family characteristics: 2005-06

Characteristic	Language knowledge and skills		Literacy knowledge and skills				Mathematics knowledge and skills		Percent scoring 10 out of 10 in color knowledge	Average fine motor skills score
Characteristic	Average receptive vocabulary score	Average expressive vocabulary score	Average overall literacy score	Percent proficient at letter recognition	Average phonological awareness score	Average conventions of print score	Average overall mathematics score	Percent proficient in numbers and shapes	Percent scoring 10 out of 10 in color knowledge	Average fine motor skills score
Total	0.03	0.02	0.14	0.55	0.02	0.03	0.15	0.75	0.84	0.02
Sex
Male	0.04	0.03	0.18	0.68	0.02	0.03	0.19	1.00	1.11	0.04
Female	0.05	0.02	0.20	0.76	0.03	0.04	0.18	0.93	1.29	0.04

Race/ethnicity
White	0.05	0.03	0.21	0.79	0.03	0.04	0.21	0.99	1.11	0.03
Black	0.08	0.04	0.31	1.24	0.04	0.06	0.34	1.85	2.44	0.06
Hispanic	0.08	0.04	0.25	1.00	0.03	0.05	0.27	1.48	1.79	0.06
Asian	0.09	0.05	0.38	1.48	0.05	0.07	0.32	1.52	2.36	0.09
Pacific Islander	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
American Indian/Alaska Native	0.16	0.09	0.62	2.42	0.08	0.12	0.83	3.33	3.83	0.18
More than one race	0.12	0.05	0.51	1.88	0.08	0.10	0.56	2.71	2.97	0.11

Primary type of care arrangement
No regular nonparental arrangement	0.10	0.04	0.26	1.00	0.04	0.05	0.32	1.63	2.04	0.05
Home-based care
Relative care	0.09	0.05	0.31	1.23	0.04	0.06	0.31	1.69	2.58	0.07
Nonrelative care	0.13	0.07	0.33	1.31	0.05	0.06	0.45	2.26	2.72	0.09
Head Start	0.08	0.05	0.23	0.91	0.03	0.05	0.31	1.79	2.55	0.07
Other center-based care	0.04	0.03	0.22	0.84	0.03	0.04	0.20	0.91	1.19	0.04
Multiple arrangements	0.22	0.10	0.64	2.49	0.08	0.12	0.71	4.67	5.44	0.23

Parents’ highest level of education
Less than high school	0.12	0.06	0.27	1.07	0.04	0.06	0.38	2.07	2.75	0.09
High school diploma or equivalent	0.06	0.03	0.18	0.71	0.02	0.04	0.24	1.44	1.61	0.04
Some college	0.06	0.04	0.21	0.80	0.03	0.04	0.22	1.13	1.17	0.04
Bachelor’s degree	0.07	0.04	0.28	1.12	0.04	0.05	0.21	1.04	1.68	0.08
Any graduate education	0.08	0.04	0.30	1.13	0.04	0.06	0.24	1.08	1.48	0.05

Mother’s employment status
Full-time (35 hours or more)	0.05	0.03	0.21	0.82	0.03	0.04	0.18	0.90	1.09	0.05
Part-time (less than 35 hours)	0.07	0.04	0.24	0.94	0.03	0.05	0.26	1.24	2.06	0.05
Looking for work	0.14	0.07	0.39	1.55	0.05	0.08	0.58	3.00	3.83	0.11
Not in labor force	0.07	0.03	0.25	0.96	0.04	0.05	0.27	1.40	1.42	0.04
No mother in household	0.33	0.23	0.80	3.19	0.10	0.16	1.02	6.85	8.37	0.21

Poverty status
In poverty	0.06	0.03	0.17	0.68	0.02	0.04	0.22	1.39	1.76	0.05
At or above poverty	0.03	0.02	0.16	0.60	0.02	0.03	0.16	0.76	0.91	0.03

Socioeconomic status (SES)
Lowest 20 percent	0.07	0.04	0.20	0.78	0.03	0.04	0.29	1.73	2.14	0.06
Middle 60 percent	0.04	0.03	0.14	0.55	0.02	0.03	0.17	0.94	1.06	0.03
Highest 20 percent	0.07	0.03	0.28	1.06	0.04	0.05	0.22	0.95	1.50	0.05
† Not applicable.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), Longitudinal 9-month–Preschool Restricted-Use Data File.

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