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Table S18-3. Standard errors for the average combined reading literacy scale scores of 4th-graders, by reading subscale, sex, and educational jurisdiction: 2006
        Reading subscale
  Combined reading literacy
  Literary subscale
  Informational subscale
Educational jurisdiction Male Female   Male Female   Male Female

     International average 0.6 0.6   0.6 0.6   0.6 0.7
Alberta, Canada 2.7 2.4   3.0 2.9   2.8 2.5
Austria 2.6 2.3   2.4 2.6   2.6 2.7
Belgium (Flemish) 2.4 2.3   2.3 2.2   2.2 2.4
Belgium (French) 2.9 2.8   2.8 2.6   3.0 3.3
British Columbia, Canada 3.1 2.9   3.2 3.0   2.8 3.3
Bulgaria 5.0 4.4   5.4 4.6   5.2 4.4
Chinese Taipei 2.3 2.2   2.2 2.2   2.3 1.8
Denmark 2.7 2.8   3.1 3.0   3.1 2.8
England 2.8 3.0   2.7 3.1   2.9 2.8
France 2.4 2.4   2.7 2.6   2.3 2.7
Georgia 3.8 3.3   3.6 3.7   4.4 3.7
Germany 2.5 2.5   2.6 2.4   2.7 2.4
Hong Kong, SAR 2.8 2.5   3.3 2.6   2.8 2.2
Hungary 2.9 3.6   2.9 3.6   3.1 3.7
Iceland 1.9 1.7   1.9 2.4   2.1 1.9
Indonesia 4.6 4.2   4.4 4.0   5.0 4.6
Iran, Islamic Republic of 3.8 5.3   4.0 5.3   3.8 4.9
Israel 3.7 4.1   3.8 4.0   4.1 4.5
Italy 3.3 3.3   3.6 3.6   3.4 3.1
Kuwait 6.2 4.7   5.2 4.5   6.0 6.3
Latvia 2.6 2.7   2.7 3.0   2.7 2.7
Lithuania 2.0 2.0   2.0 2.4   2.0 2.2
Luxembourg 1.6 1.3   1.4 1.4   1.5 1.2
Macedonia 4.4 4.4   4.0 4.3   4.4 4.6
Moldova 3.5 3.1   3.0 3.3   3.5 3.2
Morocco 6.6 6.6   7.4 6.9   6.9 6.1
Netherlands 1.6 2.0   2.3 2.2   1.9 1.8
New Zealand 2.9 2.2   2.9 2.3   3.0 2.3
Norway 3.1 2.8   2.7 2.8   2.8 3.4
Nova Scotia, Canada 2.8 2.5   2.6 3.4   3.0 2.8
Ontario, Canada 3.3 3.3   3.3 3.5   3.9 3.3
Poland 2.7 2.6   3.0 2.8   2.8 2.3
Qatar 1.7 1.7   2.3 1.8   2.3 2.3
Quebec, Canada 3.5 2.7   3.4 3.1   3.6 2.7
Romania 5.7 5.0   5.6 4.9   5.4 5.2
Russian Federation 3.4 3.9   3.3 3.8   3.6 3.5
Scotland 3.1 3.6   3.0 3.4   2.8 3.6
Singapore 3.3 3.1   3.4 3.2   3.3 2.9
Slovak Republic 3.3 2.7   3.5 2.9   3.3 2.5
Slovenia 2.7 2.1   2.6 2.3   3.2 2.4
South Africa 5.5 6.3   5.3 6.0   5.4 5.8
Spain 3.1 2.6   3.1 3.1   3.2 3.2
Sweden 2.6 2.6   2.6 2.7   2.6 2.9
Trinidad and Tobago 6.0 4.9   5.6 4.9   5.5 5.0
United States 4.4 3.3   4.1 3.6   4.4 3.1

SOURCE: Baer, J., Baldi, S., Ayotte, K., and Green, P. (2007). The Reading Literacy of U.S. Fourth-Grade Students in an International Context: Results From the 2001 and 2006 Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) (NCES 2008-017), tables R-4 and R-5, data from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), 2006.

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