| OECD average1 |
496 |
|
― |
|
― |
|
495 |
|
| OECD countries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Australia |
528 |
|
525 |
|
513 |
|
515 |
|
| Austria2 |
492 |
|
491 |
|
490 |
|
470 |
|
| Belgium |
507 |
|
507 |
|
501 |
|
506 |
|
| Canada |
534 |
|
528 |
|
527 |
|
524 |
|
| Chile |
410 |
|
― |
|
442 |
|
449 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Czech Republic |
492 |
|
489 |
|
483 |
|
478 |
|
| Denmark |
497 |
|
492 |
|
494 |
|
495 |
|
| Estonia |
― |
|
― |
|
501 |
|
501 |
|
| Finland |
546 |
|
543 |
|
547 |
|
536 |
|
| France |
505 |
|
496 |
|
488 |
|
496 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Germany |
484 |
|
491 |
|
495 |
|
497 |
|
| Greece |
474 |
|
472 |
|
460 |
|
483 |
|
| Hungary |
480 |
|
482 |
|
482 |
|
494 |
|
| Iceland |
507 |
|
492 |
|
484 |
|
500 |
|
| Ireland |
527 |
|
515 |
|
517 |
|
496 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Israel |
452 |
|
― |
|
439 |
|
474 |
|
| Italy |
487 |
|
476 |
|
469 |
|
486 |
|
| Japan |
522 |
|
498 |
|
498 |
|
520 |
|
| Korea, Republic of |
525 |
|
534 |
|
556 |
|
539 |
|
| Luxembourg |
441 |
|
479 |
|
479 |
|
472 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mexico |
422 |
|
400 |
|
410 |
|
425 |
|
| Netherlands3 |
― |
|
513 |
|
507 |
|
508 |
|
| New Zealand |
529 |
|
522 |
|
521 |
|
521 |
|
| Norway |
505 |
|
500 |
|
484 |
|
503 |
|
| Poland |
479 |
|
497 |
|
508 |
|
500 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Portugal |
470 |
|
478 |
|
472 |
|
489 |
|
| Slovak Republic |
― |
|
469 |
|
466 |
|
477 |
|
| Slovenia |
― |
|
― |
|
494 |
|
483 |
|
| Spain |
493 |
|
481 |
|
461 |
|
481 |
|
| Sweden |
516 |
|
514 |
|
507 |
|
497 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Switzerland |
494 |
|
499 |
|
499 |
|
501 |
|
| Turkey |
― |
|
441 |
|
447 |
|
464 |
|
| United Kingdom4 |
― |
|
― |
|
495 |
|
494 |
|
| United States5 |
504 |
|
495 |
|
― |
|
500 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Non-OECD countries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Albania |
349 |
|
― |
|
― |
|
385 |
|
| Argentina |
418 |
|
― |
|
374 |
|
398 |
|
| Azerbaijan |
― |
|
― |
|
353 |
|
362 |
|
| Brazil |
396 |
|
403 |
|
393 |
|
412 |
|
| Bulgaria |
430 |
|
― |
|
402 |
|
429 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chinese Taipei |
― |
|
― |
|
496 |
|
495 |
|
| Colombia |
― |
|
― |
|
385 |
|
413 |
|
| Croatia |
― |
|
― |
|
477 |
|
476 |
|
| Dubai-UAE |
― |
|
― |
|
― |
|
459 |
|
| Hong Kong-China |
525 |
|
510 |
|
536 |
|
533 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Indonesia |
371 |
|
382 |
|
393 |
|
402 |
|
| Jordan |
― |
|
― |
|
401 |
|
405 |
|
| Kazakhstan |
― |
|
― |
|
― |
|
390 |
|
| Kyrgyz Republic |
― |
|
― |
|
285 |
|
314 |
|
| Latvia |
458 |
|
491 |
|
479 |
|
484 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Liechtenstein |
483 |
|
525 |
|
510 |
|
499 |
|
| Lithuania |
― |
|
― |
|
470 |
|
468 |
|
| Macao-China |
― |
|
498 |
|
492 |
|
487 |
|
| Montenegro, Republic of 6 |
― |
|
412 |
|
392 |
|
408 |
|
| Panama |
― |
|
― |
|
― |
|
371 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Peru |
327 |
|
― |
|
― |
|
370 |
|
| Qatar |
― |
|
― |
|
312 |
|
372 |
|
| Romania7 |
― |
|
― |
|
396 |
|
424 |
|
| Russian Federation |
462 |
|
442 |
|
440 |
|
459 |
|
| Serbia, Republic of 6 |
― |
|
412 |
|
401 |
|
442 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Shanghai-China |
― |
|
― |
|
― |
|
556 |
|
| Singapore |
― |
|
― |
|
― |
|
526 |
|
| Thailand |
431 |
|
420 |
|
417 |
|
421 |
|
| Trinidad and Tobago |
― |
|
― |
|
― |
|
416 |
|
| Tunisia |
― |
|
375 |
|
380 |
|
404 |
|
| Uruguay |
― |
|
434 |
|
413 |
|
426 |
|
| ―Not available. |
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average used to report on trends in reading literacy is based on 27 OECD member countries with comparable data for 2000 and 2009. The seven current OECD members not included in the OECD average used to report on trends in reading literacy include the Slovak Republic and Turkey, which joined PISA in 2003; Estonia and Slovenia, which joined PISA in 2006; Luxembourg, which experienced substantial changes in its assessment conditions between 2000 and 2003; and the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, which did not meet the PISA response rate standards in 2000. |
| 2 The OECD excluded the data for Austria from the trend analysis in its report (PISA 2009 Results: Learning Trends–Changes in Student Performance Since 2000 [Volume V], available at http://www.pisa.oecd.org) because of a concern over a data collection issue in 2009; however, after consultation with Austrian officials, the National Center for Education Statistics kept the Austrian data in the U.S. trend reporting. |
| 3 Although the Netherlands participated in PISA 2000, technical problems with its sample prevent its results from being included. |
| 4 Because of low response rates, 2000 and 2003 data for the United Kingdom are not presented. |
| 5 PISA 2006 reading literacy results are not reported for the United States because of an error in printing the test booklets. For more details, see Baldi et al. 2007 (available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2008016). |
| 6 The Republics of Montenegro and Serbia were a united country under the PISA 2003 assessment. |
| 7 The 2000 results for Romania were not reported by OECD due to delayed submission of data. |
| NOTE: Because the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is principally an OECD study, the results for non-OECD countries are displayed separately from those of the OECD countries and are not included in the OECD average. Scores are reported on a scale of 0 to 1,000. Italics indicate education systems in non-national entities. UAE is the United Arab Emirates. For more information on PISA, see supplemental note 5. |
| SOURCE: Fleischman, H.L., Hopstock, P.J., Pelczar, M.P., and Shelley, B.E. (2010). Highlights From PISA 2009: Performance of U.S. 15-Year-Old Students in Reading, Mathematics, and Science Literacy in an International Context (NCES 2011-004), supplemental table R5; data from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2000, 2003, 2006, and 2009. |
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