| 2004 long-term trend reading, percentage of students, average scale score, and percentage at or above each performance level, by contextual variable, age 17: Selected years, 1971–2004 |
|
| Statistic |
Contextual variable |
1971 |
1975 |
1980 |
1984 |
1988 |
1990 |
1992 |
1994 |
1996 |
1999 |
2004 Bridge |
| Percentage of students |
Time spent on homework |
No homework assigned |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
32 |
(1.3) |
* |
22 |
(0.9) |
* |
21 |
(1.4) |
* |
23 |
(1.0) |
|
22 |
(1.0) |
|
23 |
(1.4) |
|
23 |
(1.4) |
|
26 |
(1.0) |
|
26 |
(1.0) |
|
| Did not do homework |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
12 |
(0.4) |
|
11 |
(0.3) |
* |
13 |
(0.7) |
|
12 |
(0.6) |
|
12 |
(0.5) |
|
11 |
(0.6) |
* |
13 |
(0.6) |
|
13 |
(0.7) |
|
13 |
(0.6) |
|
| Less than 1 hour |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
24 |
(0.5) |
* |
26 |
(0.4) |
* |
28 |
(1.0) |
|
28 |
(0.9) |
|
29 |
(0.8) |
|
27 |
(0.9) |
|
28 |
(0.9) |
|
26 |
(1.0) |
|
28 |
(0.7) |
|
| 1 - 2 hours |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
23 |
(0.5) |
|
27 |
(0.5) |
* |
26 |
(1.4) |
* |
25 |
(0.7) |
* |
25 |
(0.8) |
* |
26 |
(1.2) |
* |
24 |
(1.0) |
|
23 |
(0.8) |
|
22 |
(0.9) |
|
| More than 2 hours |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
10 |
(0.5) |
|
13 |
(0.5) |
* |
12 |
(1.0) |
|
12 |
(0.7) |
|
11 |
(0.8) |
|
13 |
(0.9) |
|
11 |
(0.7) |
|
12 |
(0.9) |
|
11 |
(0.6) |
|
| Pages read per day |
More than 20 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
21 |
(0.9) |
|
21 |
(1.1) |
|
20 |
(1.0) |
|
22 |
(1.2) |
|
23 |
(1.5) |
|
21 |
(1.1) |
|
22 |
(1.2) |
|
23 |
(1.0) |
|
| 16 - 20 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
14 |
(0.5) |
|
14 |
(0.8) |
|
14 |
(0.5) |
|
14 |
(0.5) |
|
13 |
(0.6) |
|
14 |
(0.7) |
|
14 |
(0.8) |
|
15 |
(0.6) |
|
| 11 - 15 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
18 |
(0.3) |
|
18 |
(0.6) |
|
18 |
(0.5) |
|
17 |
(0.6) |
|
18 |
(0.6) |
|
18 |
(0.8) |
|
17 |
(0.6) |
|
17 |
(0.6) |
|
| 6 - 10 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
26 |
(0.6) |
|
26 |
(0.9) |
|
26 |
(0.8) |
|
26 |
(0.8) |
|
25 |
(0.9) |
|
25 |
(1.0) |
|
24 |
(0.8) |
|
24 |
(0.9) |
|
| 5 or fewer |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
21 |
(0.8) |
|
21 |
(1.1) |
|
23 |
(0.8) |
|
20 |
(1.0) |
|
21 |
(1.2) |
|
22 |
(0.8) |
|
23 |
(1.4) |
|
21 |
(0.8) |
|
| Items in the home |
0 - 2 items |
11 |
(0.6) |
* |
11 |
(0.5) |
* |
13 |
(0.5) |
* |
13 |
(0.5) |
* |
12 |
(0.8) |
* |
16 |
(0.7) |
* |
18 |
(0.8) |
* |
18 |
(0.9) |
* |
18 |
(0.9) |
* |
19 |
(0.9) |
* |
27 |
(1.0) |
|
| 3 items |
22 |
(0.5) |
* |
23 |
(0.5) |
* |
25 |
(0.5) |
* |
25 |
(0.4) |
* |
25 |
(1.0) |
* |
29 |
(0.7) |
* |
27 |
(0.8) |
* |
29 |
(0.8) |
* |
28 |
(1.1) |
* |
30 |
(0.8) |
|
32 |
(0.9) |
|
| 4 items |
67 |
(0.9) |
* |
65 |
(0.7) |
* |
62 |
(0.9) |
* |
62 |
(0.7) |
* |
63 |
(1.3) |
* |
55 |
(0.9) |
* |
55 |
(0.9) |
* |
53 |
(1.0) |
* |
53 |
(1.3) |
* |
52 |
(1.2) |
* |
41 |
(1.2) |
|
| I don't know |
# |
(0.0) |
|
# |
(0.0) |
|
# |
— |
|
# |
(0.0) |
|
# |
(0.1) |
|
# |
(0.1) |
|
# |
(0.1) |
|
# |
(0.0) |
* |
# |
(0.1) |
|
# |
(0.1) |
|
# |
(0.1) |
|
| Reading for fun |
Daily |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
31 |
(0.8) |
* |
28 |
(1.9) |
|
31 |
(2.1) |
* |
27 |
(1.5) |
|
30 |
(2.6) |
|
23 |
(2.0) |
|
25 |
(1.7) |
|
22 |
(2.0) |
|
| Weekly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
33 |
(1.1) |
|
32 |
(2.6) |
|
31 |
(2.0) |
|
33 |
(1.5) |
|
31 |
(1.9) |
|
32 |
(2.7) |
|
28 |
(2.7) |
|
30 |
(1.9) |
|
| Monthly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
17 |
(0.5) |
|
21 |
(2.2) |
|
15 |
(1.3) |
|
18 |
(1.4) |
|
15 |
(1.5) |
|
17 |
(1.5) |
|
19 |
(1.7) |
|
15 |
(1.6) |
|
| Yearly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
10 |
(0.5) |
* |
10 |
(1.1) |
|
12 |
(1.4) |
|
12 |
(1.2) |
|
12 |
(1.5) |
|
12 |
(1.6) |
|
12 |
(1.4) |
|
14 |
(1.5) |
|
| Never |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
9 |
(0.6) |
* |
9 |
(1.6) |
* |
10 |
(1.3) |
* |
11 |
(1.3) |
* |
12 |
(1.4) |
* |
16 |
(2.1) |
|
16 |
(2.4) |
|
19 |
(1.8) |
|
| Extent of reading in the home |
Never/Yearly/Monthly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
14 |
(0.8) |
* |
14 |
(1.4) |
* |
15 |
(1.5) |
* |
15 |
(1.4) |
* |
14 |
(1.5) |
* |
16 |
(2.3) |
* |
18 |
(1.9) |
|
24 |
(1.9) |
|
| Weekly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
44 |
(1.1) |
|
46 |
(2.1) |
|
45 |
(1.9) |
|
45 |
(1.6) |
|
44 |
(3.0) |
|
45 |
(2.4) |
|
48 |
(1.8) |
|
45 |
(2.0) |
|
| Daily |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
42 |
(1.4) |
* |
40 |
(2.8) |
* |
40 |
(2.0) |
* |
40 |
(1.8) |
* |
41 |
(2.8) |
* |
38 |
(2.2) |
* |
34 |
(2.1) |
|
32 |
(1.7) |
|
| Average scale score |
Time spent on homework |
No homework assigned |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
276 |
(1.3) |
|
276 |
(0.8) |
* |
277 |
(1.6) |
* |
274 |
(2.0) |
|
274 |
(1.6) |
|
273 |
(2.3) |
|
274 |
(1.9) |
|
275 |
(2.3) |
|
270 |
(2.0) |
|
| Did not do homework |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
285 |
(1.1) |
|
287 |
(1.4) |
* |
288 |
(3.2) |
|
288 |
(2.3) |
|
286 |
(2.5) |
|
285 |
(2.1) |
|
281 |
(2.2) |
|
282 |
(3.1) |
|
279 |
(2.7) |
|
| Less than 1 hour |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
288 |
(1.2) |
|
290 |
(0.9) |
|
289 |
(1.4) |
|
291 |
(1.6) |
|
291 |
(2.0) |
|
288 |
(1.6) |
|
289 |
(1.5) |
|
291 |
(2.3) |
|
287 |
(1.6) |
|
| 1 - 2 hours |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
292 |
(1.5) |
|
296 |
(0.8) |
|
297 |
(2.2) |
|
300 |
(1.4) |
|
298 |
(1.5) |
|
297 |
(1.7) |
|
296 |
(2.1) |
|
296 |
(2.0) |
|
295 |
(1.7) |
|
| More than 2 hours |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
299 |
(2.2) |
|
303 |
(1.4) |
|
304 |
(2.8) |
|
307 |
(2.6) |
|
308 |
(2.8) |
|
306 |
(3.1) |
|
307 |
(3.4) |
|
300 |
(2.8) |
|
304 |
(2.4) |
|
| Pages read per day |
More than 20 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
300 |
(1.2) |
|
299 |
(2.2) |
|
303 |
(2.0) |
|
301 |
(1.9) |
|
304 |
(2.2) |
|
300 |
(3.1) |
|
302 |
(1.9) |
|
297 |
(1.7) |
|
| 16 - 20 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
296 |
(1.1) |
|
295 |
(2.3) |
|
296 |
(2.5) |
|
299 |
(2.1) |
|
298 |
(2.8) |
|
296 |
(2.1) |
|
292 |
(2.9) |
|
293 |
(2.6) |
|
| 11 - 15 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
294 |
(0.9) |
* |
294 |
(1.5) |
* |
297 |
(1.5) |
* |
294 |
(2.1) |
|
288 |
(1.9) |
|
291 |
(2.1) |
|
292 |
(2.1) |
|
287 |
(2.3) |
|
| 6 - 10 |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
287 |
(0.9) |
|
289 |
(1.7) |
* |
287 |
(1.6) |
|
288 |
(2.0) |
|
284 |
(2.1) |
|
285 |
(1.5) |
|
285 |
(1.7) |
|
282 |
(2.1) |
|
| 5 or fewer |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
273 |
(0.8) |
|
277 |
(2.1) |
* |
275 |
(2.2) |
|
272 |
(1.7) |
|
271 |
(1.9) |
|
272 |
(2.5) |
|
273 |
(2.7) |
|
268 |
(2.0) |
|
| Items in the home |
0 - 2 items |
246 |
(1.8) |
* |
251 |
(2.0) |
* |
258 |
(1.9) |
* |
264 |
(1.2) |
|
269 |
(2.3) |
|
270 |
(2.3) |
|
269 |
(2.3) |
|
263 |
(2.0) |
|
267 |
(2.6) |
|
267 |
(2.3) |
|
266 |
(1.8) |
|
| 3 items |
274 |
(1.4) |
* |
275 |
(1.2) |
* |
278 |
(1.6) |
* |
283 |
(1.1) |
|
287 |
(1.7) |
|
286 |
(1.5) |
|
285 |
(1.8) |
|
287 |
(1.8) |
|
286 |
(1.6) |
|
285 |
(1.4) |
|
287 |
(1.6) |
|
| 4 items |
296 |
(1.0) |
|
296 |
(0.6) |
|
295 |
(0.9) |
|
296 |
(0.9) |
|
296 |
(1.2) |
|
299 |
(1.1) |
|
299 |
(1.3) |
|
298 |
(1.5) |
|
296 |
(1.5) |
|
297 |
(1.7) |
|
296 |
(1.4) |
|
| I don't know |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
| Reading for fun |
Daily |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
297 |
(1.5) |
|
296 |
(4.0) |
|
304 |
(2.9) |
|
304 |
(3.7) |
|
302 |
(4.2) |
|
302 |
(5.2) |
|
301 |
(4.9) |
|
305 |
(3.7) |
|
| Weekly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
290 |
(1.7) |
|
284 |
(3.5) |
|
294 |
(3.7) |
|
291 |
(3.7) |
|
286 |
(4.1) |
|
293 |
(4.0) |
|
289 |
(2.9) |
|
288 |
(4.3) |
|
| Monthly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
290 |
(1.8) |
|
284 |
(3.6) |
|
288 |
(4.2) |
|
287 |
(4.7) |
|
286 |
(4.5) |
|
290 |
(5.6) |
|
286 |
(4.8) |
|
287 |
(4.7) |
|
| Yearly |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
279 |
(2.7) |
|
274 |
(5.4) |
|
280 |
(5.6) |
|
282 |
(5.2) |
|
281 |
(8.2) |
|
285 |
(5.6) |
|
283 |
(4.4) |
|
272 |
(5.0) |
|
| Never |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
|
