| 2004 long-term trend reading, average scale scores by student group, age 13: Selected years, 1971–2004 |
| |
| Statistic |
Student group |
1971 |
1975 |
1980 |
1984 |
1988 |
1990 |
1992 |
1994 |
1996 |
1999 |
2004 Modified |
2004 Bridge |
| Average scale score |
|
Total |
255 |
(0.9) |
* |
256 |
(0.8) |
* |
258 |
(0.9) |
|
257 |
(0.6) |
|
257 |
(1.0) |
|
257 |
(0.8) |
|
260 |
(1.2) |
|
258 |
(0.9) |
|
258 |
(1.0) |
|
259 |
(1.0) |
|
257 |
(1.0) |
|
259 |
(1.0) |
|
| Gender |
Male |
250 |
(1.0) |
* |
250 |
(0.8) |
* |
254 |
(1.1) |
|
253 |
(0.7) |
|
252 |
(1.3) |
|
251 |
(1.1) |
|
254 |
(1.7) |
|
251 |
(1.2) |
|
251 |
(1.2) |
|
254 |
(1.3) |
|
252 |
(1.1) |
|
254 |
(1.2) |
|
| Female |
261 |
(0.9) |
* |
262 |
(0.9) |
|
263 |
(0.9) |
|
262 |
(0.7) |
|
263 |
(1.0) |
|
263 |
(1.1) |
|
265 |
(1.2) |
|
266 |
(1.2) |
|
264 |
(1.2) |
|
265 |
(1.2) |
|
262 |
(1.2) |
|
264 |
(1.3) |
|
| Race/ethnicity |
White |
261 |
(0.7) |
* |
262 |
(0.7) |
* |
264 |
(0.7) |
|
263 |
(0.6) |
* |
261 |
(1.1) |
* |
262 |
(0.9) |
* |
266 |
(1.2) |
|
265 |
(1.1) |
|
266 |
(1.0) |
|
267 |
(1.2) |
|
— |
— |
|
266 |
(1.0) |
|
| Black |
222 |
(1.2) |
* |
226 |
(1.2) |
* |
233 |
(1.5) |
* |
236 |
(1.2) |
* |
243 |
(2.4) |
|
241 |
(2.2) |
|
238 |
(2.3) |
|
234 |
(2.4) |
* |
234 |
(2.6) |
* |
238 |
(2.4) |
|
— |
— |
|
244 |
(2.0) |
|
| Hispanic |
— |
— |
|
232 |
(3.0) |
* |
237 |
(2.0) |
|
240 |
(2.0) |
|
240 |
(3.5) |
|
238 |
(2.3) |
|
239 |
(3.5) |
|
235 |
(1.9) |
* |
238 |
(2.9) |
|
244 |
(2.9) |
|
— |
— |
|
242 |
(1.6) |
|
| Other |
251 |
(3.0) |
!* |
256 |
(3.4) |
! |
254 |
(6.4) |
! |
261 |
(3.3) |
|
269 |
(4.2) |
|
253 |
(5.3) |
! |
268 |
(3.4) |
|
257 |
(5.0) |
|
253 |
(3.7) |
!* |
258 |
(5.0) |
|
— |
— |
|
265 |
(3.1) |
|
| Modal grade |
Below modal grade |
230 |
(1.0) |
* |
232 |
(0.9) |
* |
240 |
(1.5) |
* |
239 |
(0.9) |
* |
243 |
(1.4) |
* |
243 |
(1.1) |
* |
243 |
(1.9) |
* |
244 |
(1.6) |
* |
245 |
(1.3) |
|
247 |
(1.7) |
|
246 |
(1.1) |
|
249 |
(1.3) |
|
| At modal grade |
265 |
(0.8) |
|
265 |
(0.7) |
|
266 |
(0.8) |
|
267 |
(0.6) |
|
267 |
(1.1) |
|
266 |
(0.9) |
|
272 |
(1.1) |
* |
269 |
(0.8) |
* |
266 |
(1.2) |
|
267 |
(1.4) |
|
263 |
(1.1) |
|
265 |
(1.1) |
|
| Above modal grade |
278 |
(2.4) |
|
278 |
(4.2) |
|
274 |
(4.9) |
! |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
| Region |
Northeast |
261 |
(2.0) |
|
259 |
(1.8) |
* |
260 |
(1.8) |
|
261 |
(0.8) |
|
259 |
(2.4) |
|
259 |
(1.8) |
|
265 |
(3.2) |
|
269 |
(2.0) |
|
259 |
(2.6) |
|
263 |
(2.9) |
|
264 |
(2.5) |
|
265 |
(1.9) |
|
| Southeast |
245 |
(1.7) |
* |
249 |
(1.5) |
* |
253 |
(1.6) |
|
256 |
(1.9) |
|
258 |
(2.2) |
|
255 |
(2.2) |
|
254 |
(2.5) |
|
253 |
(2.5) |
|
251 |
(3.3) |
|
254 |
(2.4) |
|
253 |
(1.8) |
|
257 |
(2.3) |
|
| Central |
260 |
(1.8) |
|
261 |
(1.4) |
|
265 |
(1.4) |
|
258 |
(1.3) |
|
256 |
(2.0) |
|
257 |
(1.5) |
|
263 |
(3.0) |
|
259 |
(3.3) |
|
267 |
(1.8) |
|
261 |
(1.9) |
|
259 |
(1.8) |
|
260 |
(2.1) |
|
| West |
254 |
(1.3) |
|
253 |
(1.7) |
|
256 |
(2.0) |
|
254 |
(1.1) |
|
258 |
(2.1) |
|
256 |
(1.6) |
|
258 |
(1.6) |
|
253 |
(2.1) |
|
257 |
(1.7) |
|
259 |
(2.2) |
|
253 |
(1.7) |
|
255 |
(1.6) |
|
| Type of location |
Central city |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
253 |
(1.9) |
|
254 |
(1.8) |
|
| Urban fringe |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
259 |
(1.4) |
|
261 |
(1.5) |
|
| Rural |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
257 |
(1.4) |
|
260 |
(1.6) |
|
| Parents' highest level of education |
Less than high school |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
239 |
(1.1) |
|
240 |
(1.2) |
|
246 |
(2.1) |
|
241 |
(1.8) |
|
239 |
(2.6) |
|
237 |
(2.4) |
|
239 |
(2.8) |
|
238 |
(3.4) |
|
— |
— |
|
240 |
(2.7) |
|
| Graduated high school |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
253 |
(0.9) |
|
253 |
(0.8) |
|
253 |
(1.2) |
|
251 |
(0.9) |
|
252 |
(1.7) |
|
251 |
(1.4) |
|
251 |
(1.5) |
|
251 |
(1.8) |
|
— |
— |
|
251 |
(1.6) |
|
| Some education after high school |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
268 |
(1.0) |
|
266 |
(1.1) |
|
265 |
(1.7) |
|
267 |
(1.7) |
|
265 |
(2.7) |
|
266 |
(1.9) |
|
268 |
(2.3) |
|
269 |
(2.4) |
|
— |
— |
|
264 |
(2.0) |
|
| Graduated college |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
273 |
(0.9) |
|
268 |
(0.9) |
|
265 |
(1.6) |
|
267 |
(1.1) |
|
271 |
(1.5) |
|
269 |
(1.2) |
|
269 |
(1.4) |
|
270 |
(1.2) |
|
— |
— |
|
270 |
(1.0) |
|
| Unknown |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
233 |
(1.7) |
|
236 |
(1.3) |
|
240 |
(3.0) |
|
238 |
(1.9) |
|
236 |
(2.6) |
|
230 |
(3.0) |
|
230 |
(2.5) |
* |
237 |
(3.1) |
|
— |
— |
|
240 |
(1.8) |
|
| Type of school |
Public |
— |
— |
|
— |
— |
|
257 |
(1.1) |
|
255 |
(0.7) |
|
256 |
(1.0) |
|
255 |
(0.8) |
|
257 |
(1.3) |
|
256 |
(1.0) |
|
256 |
(1.1) |
|
257 |
(1.4) |
|
255 |
(1.1) |
|
257 |
(1.0) |
|
| Between-group difference |
White-Black gap |
39 |
(1.4) |
* |
36 |
(1.4) |
* |
32 |
(1.6) |
* |
26 |
(1.3) |
|
18 |
(2.6) |
|
21 |
(2.4) |
|
29 |
(2.7) |
* |
31 |
(2.7) |
* |
32 |
(2.8) |
* |
29 |
(2.7) |
|
25 |
(2.1) |
|
22 |
(2.3) |
|
| White-Hispanic gap |
— |
— |
|
30 |
(3.1) |
|
27 |
(2.1) |
|
23 |
(2.1) |
|
21 |
(3.6) |
|
24 |
(2.5) |
|
27 |
(3.7) |
|
30 |
(2.2) |
* |
28 |
(3.1) |
|
23 |
(3.1) |
|
24 |
(2.4) |
|
24 |
(1.9) |
|
| Male-Female gap |
-11 |
(1.3) |
|
-13 |
(1.2) |
|
-8 |
(1.4) |
|
-9 |
(1.0) |
|
-11 |
(1.7) |
|
-13 |
(1.6) |
|
-11 |
(2.1) |
|
-15 |
(1.7) |
|
-13 |
(1.7) |
|
-12 |
(1.8) |
|
-10 |
(1.6) |
|
-10 |
(1.8) |
|
| — Not available. Sample size is insufficient to permit a reliable estimate, or data are not available for this assessment year. |
| ! Interpret data with caution. The nature of the sample does not allow accurate determination of the variability of the statistic. |
| * Significantly different from 2004 bridge assessment. |
| NOTE: Standard errors of the estimates appear in parentheses. |
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), selected years, 1971–2004 Long-Term Trend Reading Assessments. |
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View other 2004 long-term trend summary data tables.
Last updated 05 July 2005 (FW)
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