The statistics in this report are estimates derived from a sample. Two broad categories of error occur in such estimates: sampling and nonsampling errors. Sampling errors occur because observations are made only on samples of populations rather than entire populations. Nonsampling errors occur not only in sample surveys but also in complete censuses of entire populations. Non-sampling errors can be attributed to a number of sources: inability to obtain complete information about all sample members (e.g., some faculty or institutions refused to participate, or faculty participated but answered only certain items); ambiguous definitions; differences in interpreting questions; inability or unwillingness to give correct information; mistakes in recording or coding data; and other errors of collecting, processing, sampling, and imputing missing data. In addition, some items may be subject to more variation over time. The 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF–93): Methodology Report (NCES 97–467) included an analysis of the reinterview reliability for selected items such as those indicating the percentage of their work time that respondents allocated to various activities. These items were revised for NSOPF:99.