Table 369. - | Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R&D plant: Fiscal years 1990 to 1998 [In millions] |
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Actual | Estimate |____________________________________________________________________________|________________________________ Item | | | | | | | | | | Percent | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | change, | | | | | | | | | | 1997 to | | | | | | | | | | 1998 _____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 _____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Total outlays for research, development, and | | | | | | | | | | R & D plant ...............................................|$64,276.5 |$64,292.3 |$65,719.0 |$68,385.8 |$68,335.9 |$68,410.0 |$67,756.1 |$70,023.0 |$69,499.9 | -0.7 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Research and development .................................| 62,246.8 | 61,130.4 | 62,934.5 | 65,241.3 | 66,158.8 | 66,374.6 | 65,909.9 | 68,057.5 | 67,585.1 | -0.7 R & D plant ..............................................| 2,029.7 | 3,162.0 | 2,784.5 | 3,144.5 | 2,177.1 | 2,035.4 | 1,846.2 | 1,965.5 | 1,914.8 | -2.6 |==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|========== Total obligations for research, development, and | | | | | | | | | | R & D plant ...............................................| 65,950.9 | 64,990.5 | 68,577.2 | 70,414.7 | 69,427.0 | 71,011.8 | 69,408.7 | 71,996.1 | 71,592.7 | -0.6 |==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|==========|========== Research and development obligations ......................| 63,667.3 | 61,295.2 | 65,592.6 | 67,314.0 | 67,255.8 | 68,754.9 | 67,662.6 | 69,972.9 | 69,838.4 | -0.2 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..................................| 16,002.5 | 15,238.1 | 15,690.1 | 16,556.2 | 16,139.1 | 17,342.7 | 16,596.4 | 17,438.4 | 16,806.5 | -3.6 Industrial firms .......................................| 29,378.3 | 26,420.6 | 29,744.8 | 30,326.1 | 30,454.4 | 30,468.7 | 30,361.4 | 31,519.7 | 31,727.2 | 0.7 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............| 2,237.6 | 2,068.3 | 2,009.8 | 1,451.3 | 1,293.5 | 1,203.9 | 1,137.0 | 1,111.3 | 1,190.7 | 7.1 Universities and colleges ..............................| 9,142.2 | 10,168.5 | 10,271.2 | 11,156.1 | 11,828.7 | 11,933.0 | 11,944.7 | 12,340.6 | 12,515.0 | 1.4 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....| 3,466.4 | 3,603.8 | 3,855.5 | 3,666.5 | 3,292.9 | 3,574.3 | 3,447.7 | 3,369.7 | 3,347.2 | -0.7 Other nonprofit institutions ...........................| 2,249.6 | 2,637.4 | 2,803.6 | 2,811.9 | 2,929.6 | 2,806.5 | 2,886.9 | 2,938.1 | 3,033.1 | 3.2 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......| 632.3 | 679.4 | 745.6 | 753.4 | 735.5 | 831.4 | 754.5 | 732.1 | 746.2 | 1.9 State and local governments ............................| 213.9 | 215.1 | 184.1 | 320.3 | 325.4 | 316.5 | 246.7 | 245.2 | 194.7 | -20.6 Foreign ................................................| 344.7 | 263.9 | 287.9 | 272.2 | 256.6 | 277.8 | 287.4 | 277.7 | 277.8 | 0.0 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Research obligations ....................................| 21,738.9 | 23,968.4 | 24,490.6 | 26,890.5 | 27,440.4 | 28,573.4 | 28,265.1 | 29,485.2 | 30,218.6 | 2.5 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ................................| 5,953.3 | 6,539.3 | 6,615.7 | 7,360.1 | 7,488.2 | 7,787.8 | 7,528.2 | 7,887.9 | 8,017.3 | 1.6 Industrial firms .....................................| 3,199.9 | 3,406.5 | 3,451.2 | 4,018.9 | 4,063.5 | 4,727.9 | 4,291.3 | 4,601.6 | 4,760.6 | 3.5 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........| 542.7 | 624.6 | 592.4 | 795.8 | 737.2 | 818.0 | 696.2 | 722.5 | 751.3 | 4.0 Universities and colleges ............................| 8,141.5 | 8,867.5 | 9,060.7 | 9,844.1 | 10,323.5 | 10,371.6 | 10,673.7 | 11,120.2 | 11,327.5 | 1.9 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..| 1,808.1 | 2,160.9 | 2,351.8 | 2,347.6 | 2,181.1 | 2,235.6 | 2,386.0 | 2,404.7 | 2,506.0 | 4.2 Other nonprofit institutions .........................| 1,662.2 | 1,925.9 | 2,049.6 | 2,041.3 | 2,094.9 | 2,056.1 | 2,179.5 | 2,242.4 | 2,345.6 | 4.6 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....| 148.2 | 170.9 | 139.9 | 173.4 | 178.0 | 210.1 | 195.8 | 211.2 | 224.3 | 6.2 State and local governments ..........................| 126.4 | 129.3 | 109.3 | 211.8 | 230.8 | 221.4 | 187.4 | 171.7 | 163.2 | -4.9 Foreign ..............................................| 156.5 | 143.4 | 120.0 | 97.4 | 143.3 | 144.8 | 126.8 | 122.8 | 122.7 | -0.1 | | | | | | | | | | Fields of science | | | | | | | | | | Life sciences ........................................| 8,837.8 | 9,622.0 | 9,910.5 | 10,772.1 | 11,078.8 | 11,979.0 | 12,099.7 | 12,805.0 | 13,008.5 | 1.6 Psychology ...........................................| 448.6 | 482.4 | 298.1 | 550.7 | 550.2 | 653.6 | 513.0 | 544.4 | 544.9 | 0.1 Physical sciences ....................................| 3,808.7 | 4,235.3 | 4,439.2 | 4,427.0 | 6,792.7 | 4,851.2 | 3,964.4 | 4,277.7 | 4,100.1 | -4.2 Environmental sciences ...............................| 2,174.1 | 2,149.8 | 2,207.6 | 2,608.5 | 2,032.0 | 2,722.9 | 2,997.0 | 3,010.6 | 3,129.2 | 3.9 Mathematics and computer sciences ....................| 840.7 | 903.7 | 1,150.3 | 1,225.4 | 1,242.3 | 1,667.9 | 1,554.1 | 1,675.6 | 1,959.5 | 16.9 Engineering ..........................................| 4,335.2 | 4,944.5 | 4,977.0 | 5,499.4 | 4,023.3 | 4,952.7 | 5,679.6 | 5,565.3 | 5,830.4 | 4.8 Social sciences ......................................| 630.0 | 727.3 | 689.7 | 674.9 | 655.0 | 682.9 | 674.2 | 749.1 | 786.9 | 5.1 Other sciences .......................................| 663.7 | 903.4 | 806.3 | 1,132.5 | 1,066.1 | 1,063.2 | 783.0 | 857.4 | 859.1 | 0.2 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Basic research obligations ............................| 11,285.6 | 12,170.8 | 12,489.9 | 13,399.1 | 13,552.9 | 13,895.5 | 14,462.4 | 14,958.7 | 15,204.7 | 1.6 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..............................| 2,366.0 | 2,446.5 | 2,397.0 | 2,605.1 | 2,505.0 | 2,712.9 | 2,689.2 | 2,756.4 | 2,717.6 | -1.4 Industrial firms ...................................| 887.5 | 949.9 | 920.3 | 959.2 | 1,109.1 | 1,221.2 | 1,131.0 | 1,150.7 | 1,090.4 | -5.2 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .........| 175.4 | 209.1 | 187.8 | 237.3 | 237.6 | 239.1 | 272.8 | 293.6 | 312.0 | 6.3 Universities and colleges ..........................| 5,548.2 | 6,064.5 | 6,331.8 | 6,798.5 | 7,024.2 | 6,951.3 | 7,406.1 | 7,673.9 | 7,874.9 | 2.6 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges | 1,227.3 | 1,306.2 | 1,394.1 | 1,437.8 | 1,336.0 | 1,438.3 | 1,522.0 | 1,569.7 | 1,648.4 | 5.0 Other nonprofit institutions .......................| 924.1 | 1,015.5 | 1,097.2 | 1,164.9 | 1,125.7 | 1,134.2 | 1,235.2 | 1,303.0 | 1,330.8 | 2.1 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions ...| 59.2 | 80.8 | 65.5 | 71.3 | 73.9 | 75.2 | 76.5 | 83.0 | 103.8 | 25.0 State and local governments ........................| 50.4 | 49.1 | 42.4 | 71.7 | 75.2 | 78.7 | 80.2 | 78.1 | 75.6 | -3.3 Foreign ............................................| 47.6 | 49.1 | 53.8 | 53.3 | 66.1 | 44.5 | 49.5 | 50.3 | 51.3 | 2.0 | | | | | | | | | | Fields of science | | | | | | | | | | Life sciences ......................................| 5,177.5 | 5,433.6 | 5,841.7 | 6,288.8 | 6,429.8 | 6,746.7 | 6,911.0 | 7,315.2 | 7,393.9 | 1.1 Psychology .........................................| 215.1 | 225.5 | 122.6 | 246.8 | 247.4 | 279.8 | 281.5 | 298.2 | 302.0 | 1.3 Physical sciences ..................................| 2,661.5 | 2,881.5 | 2,951.4 | 2,907.1 | 3,649.2 | 2,709.3 | 2,901.7 | 3,115.0 | 2,962.4 | -4.9 Environmental sciences .............................| 1,274.8 | 1,263.5 | 1,303.6 | 1,533.5 | 997.2 | 1,410.7 | 1,531.2 | 1,514.8 | 1,507.9 | -0.5 Mathematics and computer sciences ..................| 406.9 | 426.1 | 481.4 | 511.3 | 503.6 | 626.1 | 622.0 | 733.5 | 760.7 | 3.7 Engineering ........................................| 1,101.5 | 1,233.7 | 1,249.8 | 1,207.4 | 1,061.7 | 1,432.2 | 1,606.6 | 1,338.8 | 1,612.5 | 20.4 Social sciences ....................................| 146.0 | 161.4 | 139.9 | 194.1 | 191.7 | 210.8 | 230.0 | 237.5 | 252.4 | 6.3 Other sciences .....................................| 302.3 | 545.6 | 399.4 | 510.1 | 472.4 | 479.9 | 378.3 | 405.7 | 412.9 | 1.8 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Applied research obligations ..........................| 10,453.3 | 11,797.6 | 12,000.7 | 13,491.4 | 13,887.5 | 14,677.9 | 13,802.7 | 14,526.5 | 15,013.9 | 3.4 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..............................| 3,587.3 | 4,092.8 | 4,218.7 | 4,755.0 | 4,983.2 | 5,074.9 | 4,839.0 | 5,131.4 | 5,299.7 | 3.3 Industrial firms ...................................| 2,312.4 | 2,456.6 | 2,530.9 | 3,059.7 | 2,954.4 | 3,506.7 | 3,160.3 | 3,451.0 | 3,670.2 | 6.4 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .........| 367.3 | 415.5 | 404.6 | 558.6 | 499.6 | 578.9 | 423.4 | 428.9 | 439.3 | 2.4 Universities and colleges ..........................| 2,593.4 | 2,803.0 | 2,728.9 | 3,045.5 | 3,299.3 | 3,420.3 | 3,267.6 | 3,446.4 | 3,452.6 | 0.2 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges | 580.8 | 854.7 | 957.6 | 909.8 | 845.1 | 797.3 | 864.0 | 835.0 | 857.6 | 2.7 Other nonprofit institutions .......................| 738.1 | 910.4 | 952.5 | 876.4 | 969.2 | 921.9 | 944.3 | 939.4 | 1,014.8 | 8.0 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions ...| 89.0 | 90.1 | 74.5 | 102.2 | 104.0 | 134.9 | 119.4 | 128.2 | 120.6 | -6.0 State and local governments ........................| 76.1 | 80.2 | 66.9 | 140.1 | 155.5 | 142.7 | 107.3 | 93.6 | 87.7 | -6.3 Foreign ............................................| 109.0 | 94.3 | 66.2 | 44.1 | 77.2 | 100.3 | 77.4 | 72.5 | 71.4 | -1.5 | | | | | | | | | | Fields of science | | | | | | | | | | Life sciences ......................................| 3,660.3 | 4,188.4 | 4,068.8 | 4,483.3 | 4,649.0 | 5,232.3 | 5,188.7 | 5,489.8 | 5,614.6 | 2.3 Psychology .........................................| 233.5 | 258.9 | 175.6 | 303.9 | 302.9 | 373.9 | 231.5 | 246.2 | 242.9 | -1.3 Physical sciences ..................................| 1,147.2 | 1,353.9 | 1,467.7 | 1,519.8 | 3,143.5 | 2,141.9 | 1,062.7 | 1,162.7 | 1,137.6 | -2.2 Environmental sciences .............................| 899.3 | 886.3 | 904.0 | 1,075.0 | 1,034.8 | 1,312.3 | 1,465.8 | 1,495.8 | 1,621.3 | 8.4 Mathematics and computer sciences ..................| 433.9 | 477.6 | 678.9 | 714.1 | 738.7 | 1,041.7 | 932.1 | 942.2 | 1,198.8 | 27.2 Engineering ........................................| 3,233.7 | 3,710.8 | 3,727.1 | 4,292.0 | 2,961.6 | 3,520.5 | 4,073.0 | 4,226.4 | 4,217.9 | -0.2 Social sciences ....................................| 484.0 | 566.0 | 549.8 | 480.8 | 463.3 | 472.0 | 444.2 | 511.6 | 534.5 | 4.5 Other sciences .....................................| 361.5 | 357.8 | 406.8 | 622.4 | 593.8 | 583.3 | 404.7 | 451.7 | 446.1 | -1.2 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ Development obligations .................................| 41,928.4 | 37,326.8 | 41,102.0 | 40,423.5 | 39,815.4 | 40,181.4 | 39,397.5 | 40,487.7 | 39,619.8 | -2.1 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ................................| 10,049.2 | 8,698.8 | 9,074.4 | 9,196.2 | 8,650.9 | 9,554.9 | 9,068.1 | 9,550.5 | 8,789.1 | -8.0 Industrial firms .....................................| 26,178.4 | 23,014.1 | 26,293.6 | 26,307.2 | 26,390.9 | 25,740.7 | 26,070.1 | 26,918.1 | 26,966.6 | 0.2 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms ...........| 1,694.9 | 1,443.7 | 1,417.4 | 655.5 | 556.3 | 385.9 | 440.7 | 388.9 | 439.4 | 13.0 Universities and colleges ............................| 1,000.5 | 1,301.0 | 1,210.6 | 1,312.0 | 1,505.2 | 1,561.4 | 1,271.0 | 1,220.4 | 1,187.5 | -2.7 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ..| 1,658.3 | 1,442.9 | 1,503.7 | 1,318.9 | 1,111.8 | 1,338.7 | 1,061.6 | 965.0 | 841.2 | -12.8 Other nonprofit institutions .........................| 587.4 | 711.5 | 753.9 | 770.6 | 834.8 | 750.4 | 707.4 | 695.7 | 687.5 | -1.2 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .....| 484.0 | 508.5 | 605.7 | 580.0 | 557.6 | 621.3 | 558.7 | 520.8 | 521.9 | 0.2 State and local governments ..........................| 87.5 | 85.8 | 74.8 | 108.5 | 94.7 | 95.1 | 59.3 | 73.5 | 31.5 | -57.2 Foreign ..............................................| 188.1 | 120.5 | 167.9 | 174.8 | 113.3 | 133.0 | 160.5 | 154.8 | 155.1 | 0.2 |__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ R & D plant obligations ...................................| 2,283.6 | 3,695.4 | 2,984.6 | 3,100.7 | 2,171.2 | 2,256.9 | 1,746.1 | 2,023.3 | 1,754.3 | -13.3 Performers | | | | | | | | | | Federal intramural\1\ ..................................| 359.9 | 461.1 | 506.2 | 432.0 | 392.6 | 482.6 | 405.1 | 678.4 | 508.5 | -25.0 Industrial firms .......................................| 884.0 | 1,889.2 | 1,014.4 | 1,048.2 | 746.8 | 696.6 | 465.4 | 464.8 | 372.9 | -19.8 FFRDCs\2\ administered by industrial firms .............| 231.0 | 279.6 | 202.2 | 124.4 | 119.4 | 95.1 | 43.9 | 54.9 | 53.5 | -2.5 Universities and colleges ..............................| 155.8 | 253.3 | 241.5 | 361.4 | 209.0 | 323.8 | 243.1 | 187.1 | 120.3 | -35.7 FFRDCs\2\ administered by universities and colleges ....| 495.8 | 624.6 | 579.5 | 619.5 | 608.8 | 543.9 | 497.8 | 564.0 | 671.3 | 19.0 Other nonprofit institutions ...........................| 121.3 | 154.6 | 393.9 | 415.6 | 20.9 | 25.6 | 23.4 | 15.6 | 6.7 | -57.2 FFRDCs\2\ administered by nonprofit institutions .......| 31.4 | 19.7 | 46.3 | 65.5 | 72.9 | 62.6 | 66.1 | 57.9 | 20.6 | -64.5 State and local governments ............................| 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 Foreign ................................................| 3.9 | 12.8 | 0.0 | 33.4 | 0.2 | 26.1 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 _____________________________________________________________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________|__________ |
\1\Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance.
\2\Federally funded research and development centers. NOTE.--Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, various years. (This table was prepared May 1998.) |