Table 434.

Collections, staff, and operating expenditures of degree-granting institution libraries: Selected years, 1976-77 through 2007-08

Collections, staff, and operating expenditures	1976-771		1981-82		1987-88	1991-92	1994-95	1996-97	1997-98		1999-2000		2001-02		2003-04		2005-06		2007-08
1	2		3		4	5	6	7	8		9		10		11		12		13
Number of libraries	3,058		3,104		3,438	3,274	3,303	3,408	3,658		3,527		3,568		3,653		3,617		3,827
Number of circulation transactions (in thousands)	—		—		—	—	231,503	230,733	216,067		193,948		189,248		200,204		187,236		178,766
Enrollment (in thousands)
Total enrollment2	11,121		12,372		12,767	14,359	14,279	14,300	14,502		14,791		15,928		16,911		17,487		18,248
Full-time-equivalent enrollment2	8,313		9,015		9,230	10,361	10,348	10,402	10,615		10,944		11,766		12,688		13,201		13,783
Collections (in thousands)
Number of volumes at end of year	481,442		567,826		718,504	749,429	776,447	806,717	878,906	3	913,547		954,030		982,590		1,015,658		1,052,531
Number of volumes added during year	22,367		19,507		21,907	20,982	21,544	21,346	24,551		24,436		24,574		24,615		22,241		23,990
Number of serial subscriptions at end of year	4,670		4,890		6,416	6,966	6,212	5,709	10,908	4	7,499	5	9,855	4	12,764	4	16,361	4	25,342	4
Microform units at end of year	—		—		—	—	—	—	1,062,082		1,111,389		1,143,678		1,173,287		1,166,295		1,157,365
Electronic units at end of year6	—		—		—	—	465	983	3,473		—		—		—		—		—
E-books at end of year	—		—		—	—	—	—	—		—		10,318		32,775		64,366		102,502
Full-time-equivalent (FTE) library staff
Total staff in regular positions7	57,087		58,476		67,251	67,166	67,433	67,581	68,337		69,123		69,526		69,047		69,615		69,328
Librarians and professional staff	23,308		23,816		25,115	26,341	26,726	27,268	30,041		31,001		32,053		32,280		33,265		34,520
Other paid staff	33,779		34,660		40,733	40,421	40,381	40,022	38,026		37,893		37,473		36,767		36,350		34,808
Contributed services	—		—		1,403	404	326	291	270		229		—		—		—		—
Student assistants	—		—		33,821	29,075	28,411	27,998	28,373		26,518		25,305		25,038		23,976		24,110
FTE student enrollment per FTE staff member	146		154		137	154	153	154	155		158		169		184		190		199
Hours of student and other assistance    (in thousands)	39,950		40,068		—	—	—	—	—		—		—		—		—		—
Library operating expenditures8
Total operating expenditures (in thousands)	$1,259,637		$1,943,769		$2,770,075	$3,648,654	$4,013,333	$4,301,815	$4,592,657		$5,023,198		$5,416,716		$5,751,247		$6,234,192		$6,785,542
Salaries and wages	608,173	9	914,379	9	1,451,551	1,889,368	2,021,233	2,147,842	2,314,380		2,430,541		2,753,404		2,913,221		3,102,561		3,342,082
Student hourly wages	68,683		100,847		(10)	(10)	(10)	(10)	(10)		(10)		(10)		(10)		(10)		(10)
Fringe benefits	89,917		167,515		—	—	—	—	—		271,954		—		—		—		—
Preservation	22,521		30,351		34,144	43,126	46,554	45,610	42,919		43,832		46,499		42,976		41,102		41,591
Furniture/equipment	—		—		—	—	55,915	56,128	57,013		63,459		—		—		—		—
Computer hardware/software	—		—		—	—	128,128	157,949	164,379		160,294		155,791		143,042		153,002		158,698
Bibliographic utilities/networks/consortia	—		—		—	—	81,106	85,113	89,618		90,264		92,242		101,293		106,268		113,427
Information resources	373,699		561,199		891,281	1,197,293	1,348,933	1,499,249	1,600,995		1,822,277		1,944,490		2,114,555		2,334,382		2,621,491
Books and serial backfiles—paper	—		—		—	—	—	—	514,048		552,100		563,007		550,599		572,228		611,192
Books and serial backfiles—electronic	—		—		—	—	—	—	28,061		33,888		44,792		65,597		93,778		133,586
Current serials—paper	—		—		—	—	—	—	849,399		945,958		926,105		883,534		830,137		699,906
Current serials—electronic	—		—		—	—	—	—	125,470		203,371		297,657		480,138		691,585		1,004,393
Audiovisual materials	—		—		—	23,879	28,753	28,879	30,623		32,039		37,041		35,216		39,029		43,849
Document delivery/interlibrary loan	—		—		—	—	12,238	17,645	19,309		20,540		22,913		24,823		26,513		30,496
Other collection expenditures	373,699		561,199		891,281	1,173,414	1,307,942	1,452,725	34,086		34,381		52,976		74,648		81,113		98,069
Other library operating expenditures	96,643		169,478		393,099	518,867	331,463	309,925	323,354		140,579		424,290		436,160		496,877		508,253
Operating expenditures per FTE student in    current dollars	152		216		300	352	388	414	433		459		460		453		472		492
Operating expenditures per FTE student in    constant 2009-10 dollars11	560		497		562	552	559	564	580		588		560		528		514		504
Operating expenditures (percentage distribution)	100.0		100.0		100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0		100.0		100.0		100.0		100.0		100.0
Salaries and wages	48.3		47.0		52.4	51.8	50.4	49.9	50.4		48.4		50.8		50.7		49.8		49.3
Student hourly wages	5.5		5.2		(10)	(10)	(10)	(10)	(10)		(10)		(10)		(10)		(10)		(10)
Fringe benefits	7.1		8.6		—	—	—	—	—		5.4		—		—		—		—
Preservation	1.8		1.6		1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	0.9		0.9		0.9		0.7		0.7		0.6
Information resources	29.7		28.9		32.2	32.8	33.6	34.9	34.9		36.3		35.9		36.8		37.4		38.6
Other12	7.7		8.7		14.2	14.2	14.9	14.2	13.8		9.0		12.4		11.8		12.1		11.5
Library operating expenditures as percent of    total institutional expenditures for    educational and general purposes	3.8		3.5		3.2	3.0	2.8	—	—		—		—		—		—		—

—Not available.

1 Includes data for U.S. territories.

2 Fall enrollment for the academic year specified.

3 Includes data for schools newly added to the survey system, so end of year figure for 1997-98 exceeds total of volumes added during the year plus end of year value from 1996-97.

4 Includes microform and electronic serials.

5 Includes microform serials.

6 Electronic files, formerly labeled "Computer files."

7 Excludes student assistants.

8 Excludes capital outlay.

9 Includes salary equivalents of contributed services staff.

10 Included under salaries and wages.

11 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.

12 Includes furniture/equipment, computer hardware/software, and utilities/networks/consortia as well as expenditures classified as "other library operating expenditures."

NOTE: Data through 1995 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. (See Appendix A: Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities, selected years, 1976-77 through 1981-82; 1987-88 through 2005-06 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, "Academic Libraries Survey" (IPEDS-L:88-98), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:87-99), and Spring 2002 through Spring 2006; Academic Libraries Survey (ALS), 2000 through 2008; and Academic Libraries: 2008 (NCES 2010-348). (This table was prepared May 2010.)