Table 399.

Selected population and enrollment statistics for countries with populations over 10 million, by continent: Selected years, 1990 through 2006

Country1	Midyear population (in millions)			Persons per square kilo-meter, 2006	First level2												Second level3												Third level4
	1990	2000	2006		Enrollment (in thousands)						Gross enrollment ratio5						Enrollment (in thousands)						Gross enrollment ratio5						Enrollment (in thousands)						Gross enrollment ratio5
					1990–91		2000–01		2005–06		1990–91		2000–01		2005–06		1990–91		2000–01		2005–06		1990–91		2000–01		2005–06		1990–91		2000–01		2005–06		1990–91		2000–01		2005–06
1	2	3	4	5	6		7		8		9		10		11		12		13		14		15		16		17		18		19		20		21		22		23
World total6	5,282	6,085	6,549	50	596,853		653,681		692,551	7	99		101		106	7	315,008		452,143		510,825	7,8	52		61		65	7,8	68,613		98,191		138,183	7,8	14		19		24	7,8
Africa
Algeria9	25	30	33	14	4,189		4,843		4,197		100		108		110		2,176		—		—		61		—		—		286		—		818		11		—		22
Angola	9	13	12	10	990	10	—		—		92		—		—		186		355		—		12		15		—		7		—		—		1		—		—
Burkina Faso	9	11	14	52	504		852		1,391		33		44		60		99		190		320		7		11		15		5		—		30		1		—		2
Cameroon	11	15	18	38	1,964		2,237	11	2,998		101		92	11	107		500		700		698		28		29		24		33		66	8	120		3		5	8	7
Cote d'Ivoire	12	16	19	61	1,415		1,944		2,112		67		70		71		361		620	8	—		22		22	8	—		30	12	—		—		—		—		—
Democratic Rep. of the Congo	37	51	62	28	4,562		—		—		70		—		—		1,097	12	1,253	8	—		21	12	18	8	—		80		—		—		2		—		—
Egypt9	56	64	79	79	6,964		7,947	8	9,795		94		101	8	103		5,507		8,028	8	—		76		83	8	—		628	13,14	—		—		16		—		—
Ethiopia	48	64	77	69	2,466		4,874		10,972		33		63		83		866		2,168		2,993		14		17		27		34		68		180		1		1		2
Ghana9	15	19	22	97	1,945		2,561		3,131		75		80		92		—		1,057		1,454		36		37		46		10	15	55		110		1		3		5
Kenya9	23	30	36	63	5,392		5,035		6,101		95		98		106		618	16	1,909		2,584		24		39		50		35	15	89		—		2		3		—
Madagascar	13	16	19	33	1,571		2,208		3,699		103		100		139		323	16	—		730		18		—		24		36		32		50		3		2		3
Malawi	9	11	13	141	1,401		2,695		2,934		68		139		119		61		487		565		8		32		29		5		—		—		1		—		—
Mali	8	11	12	10	395		1,017		1,610		26		53		80		84		258	8	463		7		16	8	28		5		20		—		1		2		—
Morocco9	24	29	33	75	2,484		3,670		3,944		67		93		106		1,194		1,541		2,061		35		39		52		256		276		385		11		9		12
Mozambique9	14	18	21	26	1,260		2,544		4,173		67		74		105		160		124		367		8		6		16		5	17	12		—		#		1		—
Niger	8	11	13	10	369		579		1,127		29		30		51		77		106	8	217		7		6	8	11		—		—		11		1		—		1
Nigeria9	96	127	140	154	13,607		18,802	8	—		91		96	8	—		2,908		—		—		25		—		—		208	15,18	—		—		4	17,18	—		—
Senegal	8	10	12	64	708		1,108		1,473		59		64		80		—		250		447	8	16		15		24	8	19		—		—		3		—		—
South Africa	37	43	48	39	6,952		7,445		—		122		107		—		2,742		4,142		—		74		85		—		439	19	645		741		13		14		15
Sudan9	24	34	39	16	2,043		2,567		3,881		53		51		66		732		980		1,447		24		26		34		60	13	204	8	—		3		6		—
Tunisia	8	10	10	66	1,406		1,414		1,134		113		114		108		565		1,104	8	1,247		45		75	8	85		69		180		325		9		19		31
Uganda	17	22	29	146	2,470	20,21	6,559		7,364		74		127		117		245	16,21	547		—		13		16		—		18		56		—		1		3		—
United Republic of Tanzania	25	34	39	44	3,379		4,382		7,960		70		66		110		167		—		—		5		—		—		7	12	—		—		#		—		—
Zambia	8	10	11	15	1,461		1,590		2,679		99		75		117		190		276		—		24		22		—		15		25	8	—		2		2	8	—
Zimbabwe	10	12	12	30	2,116		2,461		2,446		116		98		101		661		844		831		50		42		40		49		49	8	—		5		4	8	—
Asia
Afghanistan9	15	24	31	48	623		749		—		27		19		—		182		—		—		9		—		—		24		—		—		2		—		—
Bangladesh	110	130	147	1,101	11,940		17,668		—		72		109		—		3,593		10,329		—		19		50		—		434		727		—		4		6		—
Cambodia	9	12	14	78	1,330		2,248		2,582		121		106		122		264		351		825		32		17		38		7		22		76		1		2		5
China	1,155	1,261	1,314	141	122,414		—		108,925		125		—		111		52,386		81,488		101,195		49		63		76		3,822		7,364		23,361		3		8		22
India	851	1,016	1,112	374	99,118		113,613		139,170		97		99		112		54,180	16	71,031		—		44		48		—		4,951		9,404		12,853		6		10		—
Indonesia	183	210	232	127	29,754		28,202	8	28,983		115		111	8	114		10,965		14,264	8	16,424		44		55	8	64		1,773	12	—		3,657		9		—		12
Iran, Islamic Republic of	59	64	65	40	9,370		8,288		7,274		112		94		118		5,085		9,955		—		55		78		—		312	13	1,405		2,399		10		19		17
Iraq	18	23	27	62	3,328		3,639		—		111		91		—		1,024	16	1,224		—		47		36		—		170	22	289		—		12	22	12		27
Japan	124	127	128	340	9,373		7,529		7,229		100		101		100		11,026		8,782		7,561		97		102		101		2,899	12	3,982		4,085		30		47		—
Kazakhstan	17	15	15	6	1,197		1,208		973		87		99		104		2,144		2,003		1,982		98		91		95		537		370		781		40		28		57
Korea, North (DPR)	20	22	23	192	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		53
Korea, South (Republic of)	43	47	48	490	4,869		3,946		4,031		105		98		105		4,560		4,177		3,786		90		98		96		1,691		2,838		3,210		39		73		—
Malaysia	18	23	24	74	2,456		3,026		—		94		97		—		1,456		2,205		—		56		69		—		121		549		—		7		26		—
Myanmar	41	46	47	71	5,385		4,858		4,969		106		89		114		1,281		2,268		2,696		23		38		49		196	12	551	8	—		4		11	8	—
Nepal9	19	24	28	198	2,789		3,780	11	4,503		108		117	11	126		709		1,348		1,984	8	33		35		43	8	94		94		—		5		4		5
Pakistan	119	138	166	213	11,451	23	13,987	24	16,688		61		71	24	84		4,345		—		8,421		23		—		30		—		—		820		3		—		28
Philippines	61	76	92	309	10,427		—		13,007		111		—		110		4,034		—		6,302		73		—		83		1,709		—		2,484		28		—		91
Saudi Arabia	16	21	27	13	1,877		—		—		73		—		—		893		—		—		44		—		—		154		404		615	8	12		22		29	8
Sri Lanka9	17	19	21	320	2,112		—		—		106		—		—		2,082		—		—		74		—		—		55	12,25	—		—		5		—		—
Syrian Arab Republic	12	16	19	103	2,452		2,775		2,280		108		105		126		914		1,069		2,465		52		41		70		222		—		—		18		—		—
Taiwan	20	22	23	706	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Thailand	56	61	65	126	6,957		6,101		5,844		99		95		108		2,230		—		4,530		30		—		78		1,156	17	1,900		2,339		19	17	34		46
Turkey	56	65	70	91	6,862		7,850	8	7,950	8	99		96	8	94	8	3,808		—		5,388	8	47		—		79	8	750		1,588	8	2,343		13		23		35
Uzbekistan	21	25	27	63	1,778		—		2,277		81		—		98		3,295		—		4,542		99		—		100		603		—		281		30		—		10
Vietnam	67	79	84	259	8,862		10,063		7,318		103		107		—		3,236		7,926		9,975		32		65		—		130		732		—		2		9		—
Yemen	12	18	21	41	2,679	18	2,464	8	—		79	18	76	8	—		212	18	1,151	8	—		23	18	43	8	—		53	12	173	8	209	8	4	12	10	8	9	8
Europe
Belgium	10	10	10	343	719		774		733		101		105		102		769		1,058		822		103		145		110		276		356		394		40		57		63
Czech Republic	10	10	10	133	546		645		473		96		104		100		1,268		958		966		91		88		96		118	26	254		338		16		29		50
France	57	59	63	99	4,149		3,885		4,052		108		106		110		5,522		5,929		5,994		99		110		114		1,699		2,015		2,201		40		53		56
Germany27	79	82	82	236	3,431		3,656		3,329		101		105		103		7,398		8,307		8,185		98		98		101		2,049		—		—		34		—		—
Greece	10	11	11	82	813		645		645		98		96		102		851		739		705		93		89		103		283		422		653		36		51		95
Italy9	57	58	58	198	3,056		2,836		2,790		103		101		103		5,118		4,404		4,532		83		93		100		1,452		1,770		2,029		32		49		67
Netherlands9	15	16	16	487	1,082		1,279		1,277		102		108		107		1,402		1,379		1,423		120		124		118		479		488		580		40		53		60
Poland9	38	39	39	127	5,189		3,319		2,602		98		99		98		1,888		3,988		3,317		81		100		100		545		1,580		2,146		22		49		66
Portugal	10	10	11	115	1,020		811		750		123		125		115		670		831		662		67		108		97		186		374		367		23		48		55
Romania9	23	22	22	97	1,253		1,189		938		91		102		105		2,838		2,226		2,013		92		81		86		193		453		835		10		24		52
Russian Federation	148	146	142	8	7,596		—		5,165		109		—		96		13,956		—		11,548		93		—		84		5,100		—		9,167		52		—		72
Serbia	9	10	10	115	—		—		312		—		—		99	24	—		—		623		—		—		87	24	—		—		—		—		—		—
Spain9	39	39	40	81	2,820		2,540		2,501		109		107		105		4,755		3,246		3,091		104		112		119		1,222		1,829		1,789		37		58		67
Ukraine9	52	50	47	77	3,991		2,079		1,754		89		105		102		3,408		5,204		3,896		93		97		93		1,652		1,812		2,740		47		50		73
United Kingdom9	58	60	61	251	4,533		4,632		4,518		104		102		105		4,336		5,304		5,358		85		101		98		1,258		2,024		2,336		30		58		59
North America
Canada	28	31	33	4	2,376		2,456		—		103		99		—		2,292		2,621		—		101		107		—		1,917		1,212		—		95		59		—
Cuba	11	11	11	103	888		1,046		890		98		105		101		1,002		790		928		89		83		94		242		159		682		21		22		88
Guatemala	9	11	12	115	1,165		1,909		2,405		78		104		114		295	12	504		809		23	12	38		53		70	17	—		112	24	8	17	—		9	24
Mexico	83	98	107	56	14,402		14,766		14,595		114		109		113		6,704		9,094		10,883		53		72		87		1,311		1,963		2,447		15		19		26
United States	254	282	298	33	22,429		24,973		24,319		102		101		98		19,270		22,594		24,552		93		94		94		13,819		15,312		17,487		75		80		82
South America
Argentina	33	37	40	15	4,965		4,898		—		106		118		—		2,160		3,832		—		71		97		—		1,008	12	1,767	8	—		38	12	53	8	—
Brazil	148	170	191	23	28,944		20,212		—		106		151		—		3,499		26,097		—		38		104		—		1,540	29	2,781		—		11		16		—
Chile	13	15	16	22	1,991		1,799		1,695		100		100		104		720		1,391		1,634		73		83		91		262	12	452		661		21	12	37		47
Colombia	33	42	44	42	4,247		5,221		5,296		102		112		116		2,378	12	3,569		4,484		50		70		82		487		934		1,315		13		23		31
Ecuador	10	13	14	49	1,846		1,925		2,006		116		115		117		786	16,28	917		1,103		55		57		68		207		—		—		20		—		—
Peru	22	26	28	22	3,855		4,338		4,026		118		121		116		1,698		2,374		2,760		67		86		94		678		—		952	8	30		—		35	8
Venezuela	20	24	26	29	4,053		3,328		3,452		96		102		104		281		1,543		2,105		35		59		77		550		668		1,381	24	29		28	8	52	24
Oceania
Australia9	17	19	20	3	1,583		1,906		1,939		108		99		105		1,278		2,589		2,537		82		159		150		485	30	845		1,040		36		65		73

— Not available. # Rounds to zero. 1 Selection based on total population for midyear 2006. 2 First-level enrollment consists of elementary school, typically corresponding to grades 1–6 in the United States. 3 Second-level enrollment includes general education, teacher training (at the second level), and technical and vocational education. This level generally corresponds to secondary education in the United States, grades 7–12. 4 Third-level enrollment includes college and university enrollment, and technical and vocational education beyond the high school level. There is considerable variation in reporting from country to country. 5 Data represent the total enrollment of all ages in the school level divided by the population of the specific age groups that correspond to the school level. Adjustments have been made for the varying lengths of first and second level programs. Ratios may exceed 100 because some countries have many students from outside the normal age range. 6 Enrollment totals and ratios exclude Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Data do not include adult education or special Education provided outside regular schools. 7 World total data for 2004–05. 8 Estimated by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. 9 Classification or data coverage of levels has been revised. Data by level may not be comparable over time. 10 Data for 1994–95. 11 Policy change in 2000–01: introduction of free universal primary education. 12 Data for 1991–92. 13 Excludes private institutions. . 14 Data refer to universities and exclude Al Azhar. 15 Excludes nonuniversity institutions (such as teacher training colleges and technical colleges) and excludes distance-learning uni­versities. 16 General education enrollment only. Excludes teacher training and vocational education enrollments. 17 Data for 1992–93. 18 Data for 1993–94. 19 Not including the former Independent States of Transke, Bophuthatswana, Venda, and Ciskei. 20 Estimated. 21 Data refer to government aided and maintained schools only. 22 Data for 1985–86. 23 Includes preprimary education. 24 National estimation. 25 Excludes some nonuniversity institutions. 26 Includes full-time students only. 27 Data include both former East and West Germany. 28 Including vocational education. 29 Not including former ISCED level 7. 30 Data do not include Vocational Education and Training Institutes (VETS). NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Statistical Yearbook, 1999; Global Education Digest, 2003 and 2007; unpublished tabulations; and tables 3B, 5, and 14, retrieved July 11, 2008, from http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/ReportFolders/ReportFolders.aspx. World Bank, World Development Indicators, 2000 and World Development Report, 2002. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, International Data Base, retrieved July 9, 2008, from http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/index.html. (This table was prepared July 2008.)