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Digest of Education Statistics
2008 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 381. Labor force participation rates and employment to population ratios of persons 16 to 64 years old, by highest level of education, age, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2007
Age, sex, and race/ethnicity Labor force participation rate1  Employment to population ratio2 
Total Less than
high school completion3 
High school completion College Total Less than
high school completion3 
High school completion College
Some college,
no degree
Associate's degree Bachelor's or higher degree Some college,
no degree
Associate's degree Bachelor's or higher degree
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
16 to 19 years old4  41.3 (0.38) 33.2 (0.44) 60.9 (0.88) 54.3 (1.04) (†) (†) 34.8 (0.37) 27.2 (0.42) 51.4 (0.90) 49.7 (1.04) (†) (†)
Male 41.1 (0.53) 33.3 (0.61) 63.3 (1.22) 51.5 (1.58) (†) (†) 33.9 (0.51) 26.7 (0.57) 52.1 (1.26) 46.6 (1.57) (†) (†)
Female 41.5 (0.54) 33.1 (0.64) 58.4 (1.27) 56.5 (1.38) (†) (†) 35.8 (0.53) 27.6 (0.60) 50.7 (1.29) 52.2 (1.39) (†) (†)
White 46.4 (0.49) 38.6 (0.59) 64.4 (1.09) 58.0 (1.26) (†) (†) 40.4 (0.48) 32.7 (0.57) 56.4 (1.13) 53.7 (1.27) (†) (†)
Black 29.9 (0.90) 22.1 (0.96) 54.3 (2.29) 41.0 (3.09) (†) (†) 21.0 (0.80) 14.9 (0.82) 38.4 (2.23) 33.9 (2.97) (†) (†)
Hispanic 37.1 (0.83) 28.6 (0.92) 57.9 (2.00) 57.5 (2.63) (†) (†) 30.4 (0.79) 22.6 (0.85) 47.9 (2.02) 52.5 (2.66) (†) (†)
Asian 24.3 (1.76) 17.7 (2.01) 36.5 (5.32) 32.5 (3.89) (†) (†) 21.4 (1.68) 14.9 (1.88) 32.5 (5.18) 30.2 (3.81) (†) (†)
                                                 
20 to 24 years old4  74.4 (0.35) 67.3 (1.08) 77.9 (0.61) 69.4 (0.61) 81.5 (1.19) 83.9 (0.82) 68.4 (0.38) 57.0 (1.14) 70.0 (0.68) 65.2 (0.63) 77.9 (1.27) 79.4 (0.90)
Male 78.7 (0.46) 79.5 (1.21) 85.5 (0.69) 69.6 (0.86) 83.0 (1.69) 84.3 (1.24) 71.7 (0.51) 68.5 (1.39) 76.7 (0.83) 64.8 (0.89) 79.0 (1.83) 78.9 (1.39)
Female 70.1 (0.50) 51.1 (1.67) 68.6 (0.97) 69.1 (0.81) 80.2 (1.57) 83.6 (1.03) 65.0 (0.52) 41.7 (1.64) 61.9 (1.01) 65.4 (0.84) 77.0 (1.66) 79.7 (1.12)
White 76.8 (0.43) 67.3 (1.77) 81.1 (0.77) 70.3 (0.73) 86.3 (1.27) 85.5 (0.91) 71.5 (0.47) 55.9 (1.88) 74.1 (0.86) 66.5 (0.76) 83.1 (1.39) 81.3 (1.00)
Black 68.3 (1.08) 58.1 (3.15) 70.5 (1.71) 67.6 (1.83) 67.8 (4.78) 78.0 (3.44) 57.8 (1.15) 39.9 (3.13) 57.7 (1.85) 60.9 (1.91) 62.7 (4.94) 71.6 (3.75)
Hispanic 74.8 (0.86) 72.1 (1.59) 76.8 (1.41) 72.2 (1.79) 78.2 (3.53) 86.9 (3.06) 69.0 (0.91) 65.3 (1.69) 70.6 (1.52) 67.5 (1.87) 73.8 (3.76) 82.4 (3.45)
Asian 59.5 (1.72) 47.2 (7.32) 65.9 (4.17) 52.0 (2.63) 57.8 (6.08) 71.9 (3.11) 56.2 (1.74) 38.9 (7.15) 63.2 (4.24) 49.4 (2.63) 56.2 (6.11) 67.5 (3.24)
                                                 
25 to 64 years old 79.1 (0.12) 63.6 (0.41) 76.3 (0.22) 79.7 (0.28) 83.8 (0.35) 85.7 (0.18) 76.2 (0.12) 59.0 (0.42) 72.9 (0.23) 76.7 (0.29) 81.3 (0.37) 84.0 (0.19)
Male 86.6 (0.14) 77.0 (0.48) 84.5 (0.26) 86.4 (0.34) 89.0 (0.44) 92.0 (0.20) 83.5 (0.15) 72.0 (0.52) 80.7 (0.29) 83.3 (0.37) 86.4 (0.48) 90.2 (0.22)
Female 71.8 (0.17) 48.3 (0.60) 67.9 (0.33) 73.7 (0.40) 79.7 (0.48) 79.7 (0.28) 69.2 (0.18) 44.2 (0.59) 65.0 (0.34) 70.7 (0.42) 77.3 (0.50) 78.0 (0.29)
White 80.0 (0.14) 58.5 (0.69) 76.7 (0.27) 79.5 (0.33) 84.2 (0.40) 85.8 (0.21) 77.6 (0.15) 54.0 (0.70) 73.8 (0.28) 76.9 (0.35) 82.1 (0.42) 84.2 (0.22)
Black 75.7 (0.39) 53.4 (1.27) 72.4 (0.67) 79.5 (0.81) 82.7 (1.13) 88.1 (0.64) 71.0 (0.41) 46.4 (1.27) 67.0 (0.71) 74.9 (0.87) 78.7 (1.22) 85.6 (0.70)
Hispanic 77.9 (0.33) 71.3 (0.59) 79.2 (0.59) 82.2 (0.83) 84.2 (1.16) 86.0 (0.75) 74.4 (0.35) 67.0 (0.62) 75.7 (0.63) 78.6 (0.89) 81.3 (1.24) 84.0 (0.79)
Asian 78.2 (0.49) 61.8 (1.97) 73.7 (1.19) 79.2 (1.52) 78.4 (1.86) 82.1 (0.61) 76.0 (0.50) 59.9 (1.98) 71.3 (1.22) 76.3 (1.59) 75.2 (1.95) 80.2 (0.63)
† Not applicable.
‡ Reporting standards not met.
1 Percentage of the civilian population who are employed or seeking employment.
2 Number of persons employed as a percentage of the civilian population.
3 Includes persons reporting no school years completed.
4 Excludes persons enrolled in school.
NOTE: Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Standard errors appear in parentheses.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, unpub­lished 2007 annual average data from the Current Population Survey (CPS). (This table was prepared August 2008.)

2008 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest